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Cape Ann

Coordinates:42°38′56″N70°35′33″W/ 42.6488°N 70.5926°W/42.6488; -70.5926
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
For Cape Ann in the Antarctic, seeCape Ann (Enderby Land).
Not to be confused withCape Anne.

Cape Ann
Region ofMassachusetts
An aerial view of Cape Ann in Massachusetts
May 2008 aerial view of Cape Ann in Massachusetts.Gloucesterand its harbor are visible to the upper right, andManchester-by-the-Seais at center, just west of Singing Beach.
Etymology:Anne of Denmark
Cape Ann is located in Massachusetts
Cape Ann
Cape Ann
Coordinates:42°38′56″N70°35′33″W/ 42.6488°N 70.5926°W/42.6488; -70.5926
CountryUnited States
StateMassachusetts
Eastern Massachusetts, with Cape Ann

Cape Annis a rocky peninsula innortheastern Massachusettson the Atlantic Ocean. It is about 30 miles (48 km) northeast ofBostonand marks the northern limit ofMassachusetts Bay.Cape Ann includes the city ofGloucesterand the towns ofEssex,Manchester-by-the-SeaandRockport.

Etymology

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During the summer of 1606, French explorer Samuel de Champlain visited Cape Ann for the second time. He came ashore in Gloucester and drew a map of the Gloucester harbor, naming it as le Beau port. Eight years later, English CaptainJohn Smithnamed the area around GloucesterCape Tragabigzanda,after a woman whom he met while in Turkey as a prisoner of war.[1]He had been taken as a prisoner of war andenslaved in the Ottoman Empirebefore escaping.[2]

Smith presented his map toCharles Iand suggested that Charles should feel free to change any of the "barbarous names" into English ones. The king made many such changes, but only four survive today. One was Cape Ann, which Charles named in honor of his motherAnne of Denmark.[3][4]

History

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Prior to the arrival of European settlers, Cape Ann was a home for indigenous people. The English colony at Cape Ann was first founded in 1623. It was the fourth colonizing effort inNew EnglandafterPopham Colony,Plymouth ColonyandNantasket Beach.Two ships of theDorchester Companybrought 32 in number with John Tylly andThomas Gardneras overseers of a fishing operation and the plantation, respectively. At the Cape Ann settlement a legal form of government was established, and from that Massachusetts Bay Colony sprang.Roger Conantwas the governor under the Cape Ann patent, and as such, has been called the first governor of Massachusetts.[5][6]

This colony predated Massachusetts Bay charter and colony. For that reason, members of the colony were referred to as "old planters".The firstGreat Housein New England was built on Cape Ann by the planters. This house was dismantled on the orders of John Endecott in 1628 and moved toSalemto serve as his "governor's" house.[7]When Higginson arrived in Salem, he wrote that "we found a faire house newly built for the Governor" which was remarkable for being two stories high.[8]

By 1634 the name of Cape Ann was already established, as it is mentioned and depicted on maps in William Wood'sNew England's Prospectfirst published in that year.

OnNovember 18, 1755, Cape Ann was the epicenter of an earthquake,which is extremely rare for Massachusetts. There were no seismographs at that time; but, based on available data, the tremor was estimated at magnitude 6.5. It caused serious damage in the Boston area, but no casualties.[citation needed]

By the mid-1800s, Cape Ann was known for its specialization ingraniteproduction, specifically in creating paving blocks for roads and streets and were used across theUnited StatesfromNew YorktoSan Francisco.[9]

Cape Ann became a thriving center of activity for artists in the 19th century, including theRocky Neck Art Colonyin Gloucester.Fitz Henry Lanewho began his career in Gloucester as a lithographer developed a distinctive style for his marine paintings known asluminism.TheCape Ann Museumhas a significant collection of paintings by local artists who reached national prominence. Later in the 19th and early 20th century, American Impressionists were attracted toRockportsuch as marine landscapistHarry Aiken Vincentwho arrived in 1916 and helped to form theRockport Art Association.[10]The region continues to provide a base for many galleries and working artists.

Communities

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Landsat satellite photo of Cape Ann. The communities of Rockport, Gloucester, Essex and Manchester form Cape Ann

The entirety of Cape Ann lies withinEssex County.Anchored by the city ofGloucester,the nexus of the localfishing industry,other towns on Cape Ann includeRockport,at the tip of the cape, and the towns ofEssexandManchester-by-the-Sea,which are located where Cape Ann joins the mainland.

Geography

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At the end of Cape Ann, and splitting Gloucester into two parts, is theAnnisquam River.Many locals who live in Gloucester and Rockport refer to the land east of the Annisquam as "The Island".[11]

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Cape Ann is the subject of the folk song 'Cape Ann', which may have been written by Maine-based folk singerGordon Bok.It describes a sailor and his negative feelings towards both Cape Ann and the sailors who sail around it.[12]It has been recorded by musicians such asThe Irish Rovers,Gordon Bok,and The X-Seaman's Institute (formed as part of theSouth Street Seaport).[13]

Cape Ann is the location of the fictional town of Sea Harbor, the setting of theSeaside Knittersmysteries by author Sally Goldenbaum. Sea Harbor is on the coast, with Gloucester as its nearest neighbor town. Cape Ann is also featured as the setting for theHarry Chapinsong "Dogtown," which is also the name for anabandoned townon the Cape.

The fictional "Gloucester Island" in 1966Cold Warcomedy filmThe Russians Are Coming the Russians Are Comingis located off Cape Ann and was named for the city of Gloucester.[citation needed]

The bookSlaughterhouse Fivementions Cape Ann as the honeymoon location for the main characterBilly Pilgrim.

The movieThe Perfect Stormwas filmed in Gloucester in 2000.[14]Setting out for the one last catch that will make up for a lackluster fishing season, Captain Billy Tyne (George Clooney) pushes his boat, theAndrea Gail,out to the waters of the Flemish Cap off Nova Scotia; based on actual events in 1991.

Cape Ann is also the location of main character's home in the bookTrouble.

Cape Ann is the title of the fifth and final section of T. S. Eliot's poem, "Landscapes," which lists the coastal birds of the region.[15]Additionally, the title of his poemThe Dry Salvagesrefers to a cluster of rocks "off the N.E. coast of Cape Ann, Massachusetts."[16]

The fictional town of Paradise, setting of theJesse Stonenovels, is near Cape Ann, which is briefly mentioned inNight and Day.

References

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  1. ^"History of Cape Ann".Cape Ann Museum.RetrievedJuly 4,2022.
  2. ^Karen Ordahl Kupperman, ed.:Captain John Smith: A Select Edition of His Writings,Univ. of North Carolina Press, 1988
  3. ^Stewart, George R.(1967) [1945].Names on the Land: A Historical Account of Place-Naming in the United States(Sentry edition (3rd) ed.).Houghton Mifflin.p.38.
  4. ^Rasmus Andersen."The Church of Denmark and the Anglican Communion".Project Canterbury.RetrievedNovember 7,2015.
  5. ^Shipton, Clifford K.Roger Conant: A Founder of Massachusetts,pp. 53-4, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1944.
  6. ^Bartlett, Sarah S.Roger Conant in America: Governor and Citizen,An Historical Address Delivered at the Conant Family Reunion, Hotel Vendome, Boston, June 13, 1901, pg. 8.
  7. ^Goff, John (2009).Salem's Witch House: A Touchstone to Antiquity.History Press.ISBN978-1-59629-519-3.[permanent dead link]
  8. ^Felt, J.B. (1827)Annals of Salem,W. & S. B. Ives.
  9. ^St. Germain, Paul.Images of America: Cape Ann Granite.Arcadia Publishing, Charleston. 2015.
  10. ^Curtis, Judith A. (2006).Harry Aiken Vincent and his Contemporaries.Gloucester, MA: Rockport Art Association.
  11. ^Martin, Roger (1997).Rockport Remembered: An Oral History.The Curious Traveler Press.
  12. ^Spiegel, Max."CAPE ANN".mudcat.org.RetrievedMay 21,2024.
  13. ^"Cape Ann".Smithsonian Folkways Recordings.RetrievedMay 21,2024.
  14. ^"Movies Filmed On Cape Ann".
  15. ^Eliot, T. S. The Complete Poems and Plays: 1909-1950. New York: Harcourt, Brace, & World, Inc., 1971. pp. 95.
  16. ^Parker, James (October 14, 2012)."A pilgrimage to T.S. Eliot's Dry Salvages".The Boston Globe.RetrievedOctober 15,2015.
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