Chamaeleoninae

Chamaeleoninae
	Perinet chameleon(Calumma gastrotaenia)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Reptilia
Order:	Squamata
Suborder:	Iguania
Family:	Chamaeleonidae
Subfamily:	Chamaeleoninae; Klaver&Böhme,1986

Chamaeleoninaeis the nominotypicalsubfamilyof chameleons (family Chamaeleonidae). The FamilyChamaeleonidaewas divided into two subfamilies,BrookesiinaeandChamaeleoninae,by Klaver and Böhme in 1986.^[1]Since its erection in 1986, however, the validity of this subfamily designation has been the subject of much debate,^[2]although most phylogenetic studies support the notion that the pygmy chameleons of the subfamilyBrookesiinaeare not amonophyleticgroup.^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]While some authorities have previously preferred to use the subfamilial classification on the basis of the absence of evidence principal,^[2]these authorities later abandoned this subfamilial division, no longer recognizing any subfamilies with the family Chamaeleonidae.^[7]In 2015, however, Glaw reworked the subfamilial division by placing only the generaBrookesiaandPalleonwithin theBrookesiinaesubfamily, with all other genera being placed in Chamaeleoninae.^[8]

Classification

The ten previously recognised genera in the subfamily are:

GenusArchaius
GenusBradypodion
GenusCalumma
GenusChamaeleo
GenusFurcifer
GenusKinyongia
GenusNadzikambia
GenusRieppeleon
GenusRhampholeon
GenusTrioceros

Trioceroswas previously considered to be a subgenus ofChamaeleo,untilTilbury&Tolley(2009) raised it to full genus. Since then, two new species have been described in the genusTrioceros,byKrause&Böhme(2010), andStipalaet al. (2011). These two new species have not been published in combination with the generic nameChamaeleo,which poses a problem for the citation of these names in Wikipedia, unlessTriocerosis treated as a full genus, followingTilbury&Tolley(2009).

Footnotes

^Klaver C,Böhme W[in German](1986). "Phylogeny and classification of the Chamaeleonidae (Sauria) with special reference to hemipenis morphology".Bonner Zoologische Monographien.22:1–64.
^^a ^bTilbury, Colin (2010).Chameleons of Africa, An Atlas including the chameleons of Europe, the Middle East and Asia.Frankfurt: Edition Chimaira.
^Townsend T, Larson A (2002). "Molecular phylogenetics and mitochondrial genomic evolution in the Chamaeleonidae (Reptilia, Squamata)".Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution.23(1): 22–36.doi:10.1006/mpev.2001.1076.PMID 12182400.
^Raxworthy CJ[in French],Forstner MRJ,Nussbaum RA[in French](2002)."Chameleon radiation by oceanic dispersal"(PDF).Nature.415(6873): 784–787.Bibcode:2002Natur.415..784R.doi:10.1038/415784a.hdl:2027.42/62614.PMID 11845207.S2CID 4422153.
^Townsend TM, Tolley KA,Glaw F,Böhme W,Vences M[in German](2011)."Eastward from Africa: Palaeocurrent-mediated chameleon dispersal to the Seychelles islands".Biological Letters.7(2): 225–228.doi:10.1098/rsbl.2010.0701.PMC3061160.PMID 20826471.
^Tolley KA, Townsend TM, Vences M (2013)."Large-scale phylogeny of chameleons suggests African origins and Eocene diversification".Proceedings of the Royal Society B.280(1759): 20130184.doi:10.1098/rspb.2013.0184.PMC3619509.PMID 23536596.
^Tilbury, Colin (2014). "Overview of the Systematics of the Chamaeleonidae". In Tolley, Krystal A.; Herrel, Anthony (eds.).The Biology of Chameleons.Berkeley: University of California Press. pp. 151–174.ISBN 9780520276055.
^Glaw, F. (2015). "Taxonomic checklist of chameleons (Squamata: Chamaeleonidae)".Vertebrate Zoology.65(2): 167–246.

References

Krause P,Böhme W.2010. A new chameleon of theTrioceros bitaeniatuscomplex from Mt. Hanang, Tanzania, East Africa (Squamata: Chamaeleonidae).Bonn zoological Bulletin57(1): 19–29.ISSN 2190-7307 PDF
Stipala Jet al. 2011. A new species of chameleon (Sauria: Chamaeleonidae) from the highlands of northwest Kenya.Zootaxa,3002:1–16.Preview
Tilbury CR,Tolley KA.2009. A re-appraisal of the systematics of the African genusChamaeleo(Reptilia: Chamaeleonidae).Zootaxa,2079:57–68.Abstract & excerpt

External links

"Report".Integrated Taxonomic Information System.

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[Klaver_and_Böhme_1986-1] Klaver C,Böhme W[in German](1986). "Phylogeny and classification of the Chamaeleonidae (Sauria) with special reference to hemipenis morphology".Bonner Zoologische Monographien.22:1–64.

[Tilbury_2010-2] Tilbury, Colin (2010).Chameleons of Africa, An Atlas including the chameleons of Europe, the Middle East and Asia.Frankfurt: Edition Chimaira.

[Townsend_and_Larson_2002-3] Townsend T, Larson A (2002). "Molecular phylogenetics and mitochondrial genomic evolution in the Chamaeleonidae (Reptilia, Squamata)".Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution.23(1): 22–36.doi:10.1006/mpev.2001.1076.PMID 12182400.

[Raxworthy_et_al._2002-4] Raxworthy CJ[in French],Forstner MRJ,Nussbaum RA[in French](2002)."Chameleon radiation by oceanic dispersal"(PDF).Nature.415(6873): 784–787.Bibcode:2002Natur.415..784R.doi:10.1038/415784a.hdl:2027.42/62614.PMID 11845207.S2CID 4422153.

[Townsend_et_al._2011-5] Townsend TM, Tolley KA,Glaw F,Böhme W,Vences M[in German](2011)."Eastward from Africa: Palaeocurrent-mediated chameleon dispersal to the Seychelles islands".Biological Letters.7(2): 225–228.doi:10.1098/rsbl.2010.0701.PMC3061160.PMID 20826471.

[Tolley_et_al._2013-6] Tolley KA, Townsend TM, Vences M (2013)."Large-scale phylogeny of chameleons suggests African origins and Eocene diversification".Proceedings of the Royal Society B.280(1759): 20130184.doi:10.1098/rspb.2013.0184.PMC3619509.PMID 23536596.

[7] Tilbury, Colin (2014). "Overview of the Systematics of the Chamaeleonidae". In Tolley, Krystal A.; Herrel, Anthony (eds.).The Biology of Chameleons.Berkeley: University of California Press. pp. 151–174.ISBN 9780520276055.

[Glaw_2015-8] Glaw, F. (2015). "Taxonomic checklist of chameleons (Squamata: Chamaeleonidae)".Vertebrate Zoology.65(2): 167–246.

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