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Chan Siu-bak

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Chan Siu-bak
Trần thiếu bạch
Personal details
Born
Chan Siu-man

(1869-07-20)July 20, 1869
Xinhui District,Jiangmen,Guangdong,Qing dynasty
DiedDecember 23, 1934(1934-12-23)(aged 65)
Beiping,Republic of China
Resting placeCha'an Temple,Xinhui District,Jiangmen,Guangdong,Republic of China
NationalityChinese
EducationCanton Christian College
Hong Kong College of Medicine for Chinese
Occupationrevolutionary, politician

Chan Siu-bak( trần thiếu bạch ) (born Chan Siu-man ( trần thiệu văn ); 20 July 1869 – 23 December 1934),courtesy nameSiu-bak ( thiếu bạch ),art-namedKwai-shek ( quỳ thạch ), was a Chinese revolutionary fromXinhui,Guangdong.He was one of theFour Bandits,together withSun Yat-sen,Yau LitandYeung Hok-ling.

Early life[edit]

Chan was born to a family of Christian scholars, and entered a private school at the age of 6. When he was young, he learned about western knowledge from the translated books brought by his uncle Chan Mung-nam ( trần mộng nam ), a Christian preacher.

Photograph at theHong Kong College of Medicine for Chinese(from left to right:Yeung Hok-ling,Sun Yat-sen,Chan Siu-bak andYau Lit). The one standing was Kwan King-leung.

In 1888, Chan became one of the first students to study atChristian College in China( cách trí thư viện ) founded byAndrew P. Happer.He metAu Fung-Chi( khu phượng trì ), who introduced him toSun Yat-senin 1889, a medical student atHong Kong College of Medicine for Chinese.Chan and Sun found revolution as a common interest between themselves.

Revolution[edit]

With Sun's suggestion, Chan changed to study atHong Kong College of Medicine for Chinesein January 1890. In Hong Kong, Sun introduced him toYau LitandYeung Hok-ling.The four frequently met at Yeung Yiu Kee ( dương diệu ký ), Yeung's family shop at 24Gough Street,to discuss a revolution against the Qing Dynasty, and were collectively called theFour Banditsby their neighbours. As Sun began his commitment to revolution upon graduation, Chan dropped out of the medical school to follow him.

In 1895, theRevive China Societyin Hong Kong was founded by Sun, and Chan became a member of the society. Chan and Sun set up the headquarters of the society at 13Staunton Street,Central, Hong Kong.Following the failure of theCanton Uprising of 1895,Chan fled toYokohama, Japanwith Sun andCheng Si-leung.He would stay there for 2 years until he went toTaiwanto set up the Taiwan Chapter of Revive China Society.

In 1899, he returned to Hong Kong to reform the Chung-wo Tong ( trung hòa đường ) founded by Yau Lit earlier. In 1900, he founded theChina Dailyto spread the idea of revolution. In 1905 he became the president of the Hong KongChinese Revolutionary Alliance.Upon the recommendation of Chan Siu-bak, Chan Po-yin joined in Hong Kong the Chinese Revolutionary Alliance in 1905 and went to Singapore in 1906 to help Mr. Chan Cho-nam ( trần sở nam, 1884–1971) and Mr. Cheung Wing-fook ( trương vĩnh phúc, 1872-?) in starting the revolution-related Chong Shing Chinese Daily Newspaper ( trung hưng nhật báo, trung hưng meaning China revival), with the inaugural issue on 20 August 1907 and a daily distribution of 1000 copies. The newspaper ended in 1910, presumably due to the revolution in 1911. Working with other Cantonese people, the Singapore group opened the revolution-related Kai Ming Bookstore ( khai minh thư báo xã, khai minh meaning open wisdom[1]) in Singapore. For the revolution, Chan Po-yin raised over 30,000 yuan for the purchase and shipment (from Singapore to China) of military equipment and for the support of the expenses of people travelling from Singapore to China for revolutionary work.[2][3]

As Guangdong declared independence from Qing government shortly after theWuchang Uprisingin October 1911, Chan was appointed by the Guangdong military government as the foreign minister, until theRepublic of Chinawas established inNanjingon 1 January 1912.

After the revolution[edit]

After resigning from the government, Chan founded the Yuethong Shipping Company ( việt hàng công tư ) and regained several piers in Canton from foreign companies. Yuethong lasted until 1919.

When Sun Yat-sen established the Government in Canton in 1921, the Three Bandits were appointed as Sun's consultants and Chan also as the advisor at the base camp. In 1923 the Canton Government was forced to dissolve due toChen Jiongming's rebellion, and Chan returned to develop Xinhui.

Death[edit]

In 1934, Chan was hospitalized due to illness. His condition deteriorated and was transferred to a German hospital inBeiping.The treatment failed and he died on 23 December 1934. His casket was escorted by the Nationalist representatives via the sea to Guangdong and was buried on the mountainside of Cha'an Temple in his hometown.[4]

References[edit]

  1. ^"( tân hợi bách niên ) tham tầm đồng đức thư báo xã bách niên kiên thủ đích" bí quyết "—— trung tân võng".
  2. ^Rebecca Chan Chung, Deborah Chung and Cecilia Ng Wong, "Piloted to Serve", 2012
  3. ^https://www.facebook.com/PilotedToServe[user-generated source]
  4. ^"Đối hoa viện trợ tân văn võng: Thanh triều mạt niên đích cơ đốc đồ dân chủ cách mệnh gia".www.chinaaid.net.Retrieved9 April2022.
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