Cinema of Yugoslavia

TheCinema of Yugoslaviarefers to the film industry and cinematic output of the former Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, which existed from 1945 until it disintegrated into several independent nations in the early 1990s. Yugoslavia was a multi-ethnic, socialist state, and its cinema reflected the diversity of its population, as well as the political and cultural shifts that occurred during its existence.

Overview

TheSocialist Federal Republic of Yugoslaviahad an internationally acclaimedfilmindustry. Yugoslaviasubmitted many films to the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film,six of which were nominated. Film companies includedJadran FilmfromZagreb,SR Croatia;Avala FilmfromBelgrade,SR Serbia;Sutjeska film and Studio film fromSarajevo,SR Bosnia and Herzegovina;Zeta film fromBudva,SR Montenegro;Vardar film and Makedonija film fromSkopje,SR Macedonia,Triglav FilmfromLjubljana,SR Sloveniaand others.

The dominant movement in Yugoslav cinema of the post war era wasSocialist Realism.Which typically dealt with themes such as modernity, and the importance of building the new socialist republic. This was a movement popular in most eastern bloc countries. As the early Yugoslavian state moved away from the Soviet bloc, and received a more open door into western capitalist societies. The cinema started to change to reflect this more liberal approach to socialism. TheYugoslav Black wavewhich was started by young filmmakers in 1960’s reflected this change by taking elements of socialist realism, American and Italian cinema. To create films that more openly criticized the problems of liberalization. These films usually turned a lens onto the bigger issues of ethnicity, gender and class in Yugoslav society and were often seen as pessimistic by critics.

Prominent maleactorsincludedDanilo Stojković,Ljuba Tadić,Bekim Fehmiu,Fabijan Šovagović,Mustafa Nadarević,Bata Živojinović,Boris Dvornik,Ljubiša Samardžić,Dragan NikolićandRade Šerbedžija,whileMilena Dravić,Neda Arnerić,Mira FurlanandEna Begovićwere notableactresses.Acclaimedfilm directorsincluded:Emir Kusturica,Dušan Makavejev,Goran Marković,Lordan Zafranović,Goran Paskaljević,Živojin PavlovićandHajrudin Krvavac.Many Yugoslav films featured eminent foreign actors such asOrson WellesandYul Brynnerin theAcademy AwardnominatedThe Battle of Neretva,andRichard BurtoninSutjeska.Also, many foreign films were shot on locations in Yugoslavia including domestic crews, such asForce 10 from NavaronestarringHarrison Ford,Robert ShawandFranco Nero,Armour of GodstarringJackie Chan,as well asEscape from SobiborstarringAlan Arkin,Joanna PacułaandRutger Hauer. Pula Film Festivalwas a notablefilm festival.

Partisan filmis a subgenre ofwar films,made in Yugoslavia during the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s. In the broadest sense, main characteristics of partisan films are that they are set in Yugoslavia duringWorld War IIand havepartisansas main protagonists, while antagonists areAxisforces and their collaborators. Outside Yugoslavia, Partisan films were especially popular in China.

TheYugoslav Film Archivewas a founding member of theInternational Federation of Film Archivesand was the national film library of theformer Yugoslavia,founded in 1949 in Belgrade.

Films

Main article:Lists of Yugoslav films

• Battle of Neretva
• Battle of Sutjeska
• Walter Defends Sarajevo
• Do You Remember Dolly Bell?
• Ko to tamo peva
• The Bridge (1969 film)
• Lude godine
• The Marathon Family
• Time of the Gypsies
• Tko pjeva zlo ne misli
• When Father Was Away on Business
• I Even Met Happy Gypsies

Co-production:

• Kelly's Heroes
• Captain America (1990 film)
• Armour of God
• A Corpse Hangs in the Web
• Le Prix du Danger
• High Road to China
• Transylvania 6-5000 (1985 film)
• Genghis Khan (1965 film)
• The Trial (1962 film)
• W.R.: Mysteries of the Organism
• The Long Ships (film)
• Taras Bulba (1962 film)
• Escape from Sobibor
• Score (1974 film)
• Old Shatterhand (film)
• Winnetou film series
• Kapò
• Man and Beast
• Destination Death

Television

• Top lista nadrealista

See also

• Lists of Yugoslav films
• Cinema of Bosnia and Herzegovina
• Cinema of Croatia
• Cinema of Montenegro
• Cinema of North Macedonia
• Cinema of Serbia
• Cinema of Slovenia

Further reading

• Daniel J. Goulding (2002).Liberated Cinema: The Yugoslav Experience, 1945-2001.Indiana University Press.ISBN0-253-34210-4.
• Anikó Imre (7 August 2012).A Companion to Eastern European Cinemas.John Wiley & Sons. pp. 220–.ISBN978-1-118-29435-2.
• Jugoslovenska kinoteka: 1949-1964.Jugoslovenska kinoteka. 1964.
• Savez filmskih radnika Jugoslavije (1966).Dvadeset 20 godina jugoslovenskog filma 1945-1965.Festival jugoslovenskog filma.
• Yugoslav Films. Películas Yugoslavas. Jugoslawische Filme.
• Janevski, Ana."'We can't promise to do more than experiment.'"(PDF).Quaderns portàtils.Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 2019-05-14.Retrieved2019-05-14.

External links

• "Jugoslovenska kinoteka"(in Serbian). Kinoteka.