Citrus×sinensis

For other fruit called orange, seeList of plants known as orange.

Citrus×sinensis
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Rosids
Order:	Sapindales
Family:	Rutaceae
Genus:	Citrus
Species:	C.×sinensis
Binomial name
Citrus×sinensis (L.)Osbeck
Synonyms
Citrus × sinensis (L.) Osbeck

Citrus×sinensis(sometimes writtenCitrus sinensis), a hybrid betweenpomelo(Citrus maxima) andmandarin(Citrus reticulata), also known as thesweet oranges,is a commonly cultivated species oforangethat includesValencia oranges,blood orangesandnavel oranges.

Uses

Theorangefruit is an important agricultural product, used for both the juicy fruit pulp and the aromatic peel (rind).Orange blossoms(the flowers) are used in several different ways, as are the leaves and wood of the tree.

Flowers

• Theorange blossom,which is thestate flowerof Florida,is highly fragrant and traditionally associated with good fortune. It has long been popular in bridal bouquets and head wreaths.
• Orange blossom essence is an important component in the making of perfume.
• Orange blossom petals can also be made into a delicately citrus-scented counterpart torosewater,known as "orange blossom water" or "orange flower water". It is a common ingredient in French and Middle Eastern cuisines, especially in desserts and baked goods. In some Middle Eastern countries, drops of orange flower water are added to disguise the unpleasant taste ofhard waterdrawn from wells or stored inqullahs(traditional Egyptian water pitchers made of porous clay). In the United States, orange flower water is used to make orange blossomsconesand marshmallows.
• In Spain, fallen blossoms are dried and used to make orange tea.
• Orange blossom honey(or citrus honey) is obtained by puttingbeehivesin the citrus groves while trees bloom. By this method, bees alsopollinateseeded citrus varieties. This type of honey has an orangey taste and is highly prized.

Leaves

• Orange leaves can be boiled to makeorange tea.

Wood

• Orangewoodsticks are used as cuticle pushers in manicures and pedicures, and asspudgersfor manipulating slender electronic wires.
• Orangewood is used in the same way as mesquite, oak, and hickory for seasoning grilled meat.

• 
  Orange trees in movable pots, so that they can be placed indoors for the winter
• 
  Orange flowers
• 
  Unripened fruit
• 
  Blood oranges
• 
  Oranges on the branch
• 
  Oranges on a tree
• 
  A mature tree inGalicia, Spain

Threats

Giant swallowtail larva

Giant swallowtailcaterpillars (Papilio cresphontes) cause serious damage to this crop, especially to young trees.

See also

• The orange blossom gives its touristic nickname to theCosta del Azahar( "Orange blossom coast" ), theCastellónseaboard.
• Citrus greening disease- bacterial disease killing orange trees and other citrus fruits grown

References

https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:772052-1

External links

• Porcher Michel H.; et al. (1995–2002),Sorting Citrus Names. Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database (M.M.P.N.D) - A Work in Progress,The University of Melbourne, Australia
• Xu, Q.; Chen, L.-L.; Ruan, X.; Chen, D.; Zhu, A.; Chen, C.; Bertrand, D.; Jiao, W.-B.; Hao, B.-H.; Lyon, M.P.; Chen, J.; Gao, S.; Xing, F.; Lan, H.; Chang, J.-W.; Ge, X.; Lei, Y.; Hu, Q.; Miao, Y.; Wang, L.; Xiao, S.; Biswas, M.K.; Zeng, W.; Guo, F.; Cao, H.; Yang, X.; Xu, X.-W.; Cheng, Y.-J.; Xu, J.; Liu, J.-H.; Luo, O.J.; Tang, Z.; Guo, W.-W.; Kuang, H.; Zhang, H.-Y.; Roose, M.L.; Nagarajan, N.; Deng, X.-X.; Ruan, Y. (2013), "The draft genome of sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) ",Nature Genetics,45(1): 59–66,doi:10.1038/ng.2472,PMID23179022
• Bausher, Michael G; Singh, Nameirakpam D; Lee, Seung-Bum; Jansen, Robert K; Daniell, Henry (2006)."The complete chloroplast genome sequence of Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck var 'Ridge Pineapple': Organization and phylogenetic relationships to other angiosperms".BMC Plant Biology.6:21.doi:10.1186/1471-2229-6-21.PMC1599732.PMID17010212.