Sac spider
| Sac spiders Temporal range:
| |
|---|---|
| |
| Clubiona trivialis | |
Scientific classification
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Araneae |
| Infraorder: | Araneomorphae |
| Family: | Clubionidae Simon,1878 |
| Diversity | |
| 18 genera,659 species | |
| |
Thesac spidersof the familyClubionidae[1]have a very confusing taxonomic history. Once, this family was a large catch-all taxon for a disparate collection ofspiders,similar only in that they had eight eyes arranged in two rows[2]and conical anterior spinnerets that touched, and were wandering predators that built silken retreats, or sacs, usually on plant terminals, between leaves, under bark, or under rocks. These are now recognized to include several families, some of which are more closely related to the three-clawed spiders, likelynxandwolf spiders,than to Clubionidae and related families.[3]
Genera
[edit]The remnant Clubionidae now consist of a few over 500 species in 18 genera worldwide. However, "sac spider" used on its own should imply a member of the family Clubionidae, but other common names may use the phrase "sac spider" including:
- Anyphaenidae(anyphaenid sac spider)
- Corinnidae(corinnid sac spider)
- Liocranidae(liocranid sac spider)
- Miturgidae(long-legged sac spider)
- Tengellidae(merged intoZoropsidae)
- Zorocratidae(merged intoZoropsidae)
As of January 2023[update],theWorld Spider Catalogaccepts the following genera:[4]
- ArabellataBaert, Versteirt & Jocqué, 2010— New Guinea
- BuclionaBenoit, 1977— St. Helena, Kenya, Russian Far East, Korea, Japan, China, Taiwan
- ClubionaLatreille, 1804— Africa, North America, Asia, Oceania, South America, Europe, Panama
- ClubioninaBerland, 1947— St. Paul Is.
- ElaverO. Pickard-Cambridge, 1898— North America, Caribbean, Central America, South America, Philippines
- FemorbionaYu & Li, 2021— China, Vietnam
- InvexillataVersteirt, Baert & Jocqué, 2010— New Guinea
- MalamatidiaDeeleman-Reinhold, 2001— Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia
- MatidiaThorell, 1878— Asia, Papua New Guinea
- NusatidiaDeeleman-Reinhold, 2001— Asia
- PorrhoclubionaLohmander, 1944— Asia, Africa, Europe
- PristidiaDeeleman-Reinhold, 2001— Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia
- PteronetaDeeleman-Reinhold, 2001— Asia, Australia
- RamosatidiaYu & Li, 2021— China
- ScopalioDeeleman-Reinhold, 2001— Indonesia
- SimalioSimon, 1897— Asia, Trinidad
- SinostidiaYu & Li, 2021— China
- TixcocobaGertsch, 1977— Mexico
Additionally, the World Spider Catalog considersCarteroniellaStrand, 1907to be anomen dubium.
InNorth America,the family as it is now recognised consists of only two genera,ClubionaandElaver(formerlyClubionoides).Clubionais nearly worldwide in distribution.
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^"Sac Spiders, HYG-2060A-04".Archived fromthe originalon 2009-03-05.Retrieved2009-03-05.
- ^"Clubionidae".www.bio.brandeis.edu.Retrieved29 March2018.
- ^Tree of Life Web Project. 2006. Clubionidae. Version 25 March 2006 (temporary).http://tolweb.org/Clubionidae/2675/2006.03.25in The Tree of Life Web Project,http://tolweb.org/
- ^"Family: Clubionidae Wagner, 1887".World Spider Catalog.Natural History Museum Bern.Retrieved18 January2023.
External links
[edit]
- Family Anyphaenidae Sac spiders, ghost spiders
- Australian sac spiders, family Clubionidae, Gnaphosidae, Miturgidae, Corinnidae
- [1]
- [2]
| Authority control databases:National |
|---|
