Conjugated fatty acid
Conjugated fatty acidsis jargon forpolyunsaturated fatty acidscontaining at least one pair ofconjugated double bonds.[1]An example of a conjugated fatty acid is therumenic acid,found in themeatandmilkof ruminants. Mostunsaturated fatty acidsthat are doubly unsaturated do not feature conjugation, e.g.,linoleic acidandlinoelaidic acid.
Some conjugated fatty acids may confer health benefits ranging from the prevention ofhypertensionto protection against certain forms of cancer, although more research is needed to confirm such effects.[2]Clinical studies and animal models have shown that conjugated fatty acids confer physiological benefits such as the regulation of the synthesis and breakdown of lipids, reduction of inflammation, andantioxidantproperties.[3]
Conjugated fatty acids include isomers of linoleic acid.[4]Conjugated analogues linoleic acids are the most investigated conjugated fatty acids.[5]
Some conjugated fatty acids featuretransalkenes.For instance, therumenic acid(cis-9,trans-11) is a conjugatedtrans fatty acid.
Studies have suggested that conjugated linoleic acids, an isomer of conjugated fatty acids, can modulate inflammatory responses in the body.[6]However, CLA’s anti-inflammatory properties correlate to isomer dependence.[7]For instance, (cis-9,trans-11) CLA has been shown to have a decreased inflammatory effect on adipose tissues of mice with obesity-causing genes, while (trans-10,cis-12) CLA reduces obesity in mice without affecting insulin resistance or adipose tissue inflammation.[7]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^Rawat, Richa; Yu, Xiao-Hong; Sweet, Marie; Shanklin, John (26 March 2012)."Conjugated Fatty Acid Synthesis".Journal of Biological Chemistry.287(20): 16230–16237.doi:10.1074/jbc.M111.325316.PMC3351362.PMID22451660.
- ^Nagao, K; Yanagita, T (2005). "Conjugated fatty acids in food and their health benefits".Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering.100(2): 152–7.doi:10.1263/jbb.100.152.PMID16198256.
- ^Gong, Mengyue; Hu, Yulin; Wei, Wei; Jin, Qingzhe; Wang, Xingguo (2019-12-01)."Production of conjugated fatty acids: A review of recent advances".Biotechnology Advances.37(8): 107454.doi:10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.107454.ISSN0734-9750.PMID31639444.S2CID204849936.
- ^Hennessy, Alan A.; Ross, Paul R.; Fitzgerald, Gerald F.; Stanton, Catherine (April 2016). "Sources and Bioactive Properties of Conjugated Dietary Fatty Acids".Lipids.51(4): 377–397.doi:10.1007/s11745-016-4135-z.ISSN0024-4201.PMID26968402.S2CID3941392.
- ^Gong, Mengyue; Hu, Yulin; Wei, Wei; Jin, Qingzhe; Wang, Xingguo (2019-12-01)."Production of conjugated fatty acids: A review of recent advances".Biotechnology Advances.37(8): 107454.doi:10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.107454.ISSN0734-9750.PMID31639444.S2CID204849936.
- ^Park, Yeonhwa (January 2009)."Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA): Good or bad trans fat?".Journal of Food Composition and Analysis.22:S4–S12.doi:10.1016/j.jfca.2008.12.002.
- ^abYuan, Gaofeng; Chen, Xiaoe; Li, Duo (2015-02-25)."Modulation of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor gamma (PPAR γ) by Conjugated Fatty Acid in Obesity and Inflammatory Bowel Disease".Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry.63(7): 1883–1895.doi:10.1021/jf505050c.ISSN0021-8561.PMID25634802.