Crataegus mollis
| Crataegus mollis | |
|---|---|
| |
Scientific classification
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Rosales |
| Family: | Rosaceae |
| Genus: | Crataegus |
| Section: | Crataegussect.Coccineae |
| Series: | Crataegusser.Molles |
| Species: | C. mollis
|
| Binomial name | |
| Crataegus mollis | |
| Synonyms[2] | |
| |
Crataegus mollis,known asdowny hawthornorred hawthorn,is a species of plant that occurs in easternNorth Americafrom southeasternNorth Dakotaeast toNova Scotiaand southwest to easternTexas.The range of this species is from southern Ontario and Michigan to eastern North Dakota and southward toDenison, Texas,and Arizona.[3]This tree inhabits wooded bottomlands, the prairie border, and the midwestsavannaunderstorey.
Description
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This tree grows to 10–13 m (33–43 ft) high with a dense crown of thorny branches and an ash-grey trunk. Theleavesare 5–10 cm (2.0–3.9 in) in length and often drop in late summer due todefoliationby leaf diseases. The tree seems to suffer little from the early loss of its leaves. Among the earliest in the genus to bloom, downy hawthorn also has earliest ripening fruit, which decorate the defoliated tree in late summer and early fall. The large brightly colored edible fruit of the species ripen from the middle of August to early in September.[3]It is closely related toCrataegus submollis,but the two species have separate native ranges. Amongst other differences between these two species,C. submollishas approximately 10stamens,whereasC. mollishas approximately 20 stamens per flower.[4]
The whiteflowersare borne in clusters at the end of the branches in spring. The bright red edible fruit ripens in late summer and early fall[5]and falls soon after.
This species is a target ofGypsy moths.Leaf rusts andfire blightare among the many foliage diseases to affect this species. The sharp thorns are a hazard.[citation needed]
This species is uncommon in cultivation.
The seeds of the species usually do not germinate until two to three years after the fruit has ripened as they have a latent period.[6]
Gallery
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References
[edit]- ^Botanic Gardens Conservation International (BGCI); IUCN SSC Global Tree Specialist Group (2018)."Crataegus mollis".IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.2018:e.T135957515A135957517.doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T135957515A135957517.en.Retrieved1 March2022.
- ^Phipps, J.B. (2015),"Crataegus mollis(Torrey & A. Gray) Scheele, Linnaea. 21: 569. 1848 ",in L. Brouillet; K. Gandhi; C.L. Howard; H. Jeude; R.W. Kiger; J.B. Phipps; A.C. Pryor; H.H. Schmidt; J.L. Strother; J.L. Zarucchi (eds.),Flora of North America North of Mexico,vol. 9: Magnoliophyta: Picramniaceae to Rosaceae, New York, Oxford: Oxford University Press
- ^abPalmer, Ernest (1946). "Crataegus in the Northeastern and Central United States and Adjacent Canada".Brittonia.5(5): 471–490.doi:10.2307/2804829.JSTOR2804829.S2CID23125349.
- ^Phipps, J.B., O'Kennon, R.J., Lance, R.W. (2003).Hawthorns and medlars.Royal Horticultural Society, Cambridge, U.K.
- ^Little, Elbert L. (1980).The Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Trees: Eastern Region.New York: Knopf. p. 477.ISBN0-394-50760-6.
- ^Davis, Wilmer; Rose, R. Catlin (1912). "The Effect of External Conditions Upon the After-Ripening of the Seeds of Crataegus mollis".Botanical Gazette.54(1): 49–62.doi:10.1086/330863.S2CID84608408.
- Sternberg, G. (2004).Native Trees for North American Landscapespp. 264. Timber Press, Inc.