Opisometer
Anopisometer,also called acurvimeter,meilograph,ormap measurer,is an instrument formeasuringthelengthsof arbitrary curved lines.
Explanation
[edit]A simple opisometer consists of a toothed wheel of knowncircumferenceon a handle. The wheel is placed in contact with the curved line to be measured and run along its length. By counting the number of teeth passing a mark on the handle while this is done, the length of the line can be ascertained:
- line length = wheel circumference × teeth counted/teeth on wheel.
In more sophisticated models, sometimes called achartometer,the wheel is connected via gearing to a rotary dial from which the line length can be directly read.[1]
The instrument is most commonly used to measure the lengths of roads, rivers and other line features onmaps.Opisometers designed for this purpose provide scales reading the measured distance in kilometers and miles.
History of the opisometer
[edit]Early versions of this instrument werepatentedin 1873 by the English engineer Edward Russell Morris.[2]The instruments he produced were initially described as aPatent Chartometeralthough later versions were sold under the curious name ofWealemefna.[3]Writing in 1881, Morris described how he had created a wholly original name in an attempt to outwit his imitators; he also refused to disclose the origin of the word.[4]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^Gerard L'Estrange Turner,Scientific Instruments, 1500-1900: An Introduction,Philip Wilson Publishers 1998,ISBN0-85667-491-5(p.83)
- ^THE LONDON GAZETTE, DECEMBER 12, 1873
- ^Mathematical Instruments: Map Measurers
- ^English Mechanic and World of Science: Vol. 33, London, 1881
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The dictionary definition ofopisometerat Wiktionary