François Bourgeon

François Bourgeon
Born	(1945-07-05)5 July 1945 Paris,France
Nationality	French
Area(s)	artist, writer, colourist
Pseudonym(s)	Bourgeon
Notable works	Les Passagers du vent Les Compagnons du crépuscule Le Cycle de Cyann
Awards	full list

François Bourgeon(born 5 July 1945,Paris) is a Frenchcomics artist.

Biography

Bourgeon was originally educated as a masterstained glassartist, but difficulties in finding employment and a passion for drawing altered his course onto a different career. Getting illustrations published in magazines from 1971 eventually led him to pursuegraphic storytellingand to develop his craft over the next few years. His first major comic work became the two first outings in themedievalseriesBrunelle et Colin,created for publisherGlénat Editionswho released the two titles directly incomic albumformat. These two titles already foreshadowed his later, more grim medieval eposLes Compagnons du crépuscule(The Companions of the Dusk), both thematically as well as art-wise. When theLes Passagers du vent(The Passengers of the Wind) series was serialized for which Bourgeon abandonedBrunelle et ColininCircusmagazine in 1979, likewise published by Glénat, it became recognized as one of the most important European comic series of its era. His graphic novels have ranged fromnauticaland medieval historical fiction toscience fiction,and characteristically, within settings ofviolenceandsexuality,epic stories revolve around strong female characters. Brunelle,Isa,MariotteandCyannare the heroines of each their series,Brunelle et Colin,The Passagers of the Wind, The Twilight CompanionsandThe Cyann Saga,respectively. Bourgeon is noted as a thorough researcher and his drawings, from 17th-century ships to 14th-century clothing, have a reputation for historical accuracy. For example, when working onThe Passengers of the Wind,he did a vast amount of background reading, consulted academic specialists and visited the Maritime Museum in Nantes. For this series he also made scale models both of colonial architectural structures and one of the ships on which the main characters sail, in order to ensure that the dimensions and the interior layouts were correct.The same approach has been used for other works too. InThe Cyann Sagahe built models of the machines and buildings seen in the series, so he could walk around them and see them from different perspectives and light conditions. His time-consuming and meticulous research has resulted in that his body of work is relatively modest in comparison to the ones created by his major contemporaries such asJean "Mœbius" Giraud,Hermann HuppenorAndré Juillard.He lives inCornouailleinBrittany.

Cyann Olsimar.

The Cyann Saga affair

When Bourgeon's usual editor since 1983, the family-owned companyCasterman,was bought by the large corporation Flammarion, problems arose.Bourgeon and Lacroix claimed that Flammarion had altered the sales numbers to slow down royalty payments to the authors, and then committed other irregularities. The authors took Flammarion to court in 1999. Flammarion countersued separately, charging the authors over failure to produce a new album of the Cyann series in less than three years. The contract between the authors and Casterman had never specified a fixed date or time period for producing any album, but despite this, on 30 October 2001 a court decided in favor of Flammarion and ordered the authors to produce an album (the third of the series), with a fine of €1000 per each day's delay. On 27 April 2004 an appeals court finally overturned the judgment of the previous court.In the meantime these litigations had become a "cause célèbre" in France, because of the intellectual freedom questions andcopyrightissues they raised in literary circles. In the end, the authors got their liberty and their rights and the third album of the cycle finally came out in 2005, eight years after the previous one, through a different publishing house, Vents d'Ouest.

Nature of collaboration with Claude Lacroix

In an interview in the "Dare-Dare" program of Radio Suisse Romande, as wall as a February 2007 interview on the launch of "Les couleurs de Marcade" installment in the "Cycle de Cyann" series, François Bourgeon revealed the nature of the collaboration between him and Claude Lacroix. For this most recent album as well as the others in the Cyann series Lacroix had the task of creating nearly all of the complex decors, natural or man made be they planets or islands, cities or buildings. In this way he created for Bourgeon the futuristic equivalent of the thorough documentation which had always been the basis for his previous series.

Lacroix, an old friend and collaborator of Bourgeon from times pre-dating those of his other series, created the decors and many of the more important objects of the Cyann series by making sketches and drawings and paintings, and also a few solid three-dimensional models at times. The solid model for the city in "Les couleurs de Marcade" took up several meters of space at Lacroix's home. The process for this universe-making was always interactive and non-exclusive. In some instances Bourgeon would choose to make himself some of those background sketches, and he would later show them to Lacroix for his opinion. Regardless of who initiated a sketch or large drawing, the two would exchange comments at all steps as the decor went from early sketch form to finished product within the BD.

Selected bibliography

Brunelle et Colin

(withRobert Génin)

• 1.Le vol noir(1979,ISBN2-7234-0099-9)
• 2.Yglinga(1980,ISBN2-7234-0168-5)

Les Passagers du vent(The Passengers of the Wind)

• 1.La fille sous la dunette(1980,ISBN2-7234-0132-4)
• 2.Le ponton(1980,ISBN2-7234-0164-2)
• 3.Le comptoir de Juda(1981,ISBN2-7234-0215-0)
• 4.L'heure du serpent(1982,ISBN2-7234-0290-8)
• 5.Le bois d'ébène(1984,ISBN2-7234-0440-4)
• 6.La petite fille Bois-Caïman - Livre 1(2009,ISBN978-2-35648-066-8)
• 7.La petite fille Bois-Caïman - Livre 2(2010,ISBN978-2-35648-112-2)
• 8.Le sang des cerises - Livre 1: Rue de l'Abreuvoir(2018,ISBN978-2-413-00408-0)
• 9.Le sang des cerises - Livre 2: Rue des Martyrs(planned release: 2023)
• HS.Les chantiers d'une aventure(1994, with Michel Thiébaut,ISBN2-203-38023-3)
• HS.Le chemin de l'Atchafalaya(2010, with Michel Thiébaut,ISBN978-2-356-48202-0)

Les Compagnons du crépuscule(The Companions of the Dusk)

• 1.Le sortilège du bois des brumes(1983,ISBN2-203-33516-5)
• 2.Les yeux d'étain de la ville glauque(1986,ISBN2-203-33811-3)
• 3.Le dernier chant des Malaterre(1990,ISBN2-203-33830-X)
• HSDans le sillage des sirènes(1992, with Michel Thiébaut,ISBN2-203-38021-7)

Le Cycle de Cyann(The Cyann Saga)

(withClaude Lacroix)

• 1.La sOurce et la sOnde(1993,ISBN2-203-38857-9)
• 2.Six saisons sur ilO(1997,ISBN2-203-38894-3)
• 3.Aïeïa d'Aldaal(2005,ISBN2-7493-0218-8)
• 4.Les couleurs de Marcade(2007,ISBN978-2-7493-0239-3)
• 5.Les couloirs de l'Entretemps(2012,ISBN978-2-35648-323-2)
• 6.Les aubes douces d'Aldalarann(2014)
• HS.La clef des confins: D'Olh à ilO et au-delà(1997,ISBN2-203-38030-6)

Awards

• 1980:Best Artistat theAngoulême International Comics Festival,France
• 1985:FM-BD Awardat the Angoulême International Comics Festival
• 1988: nominated for Best Long Comic Strip and Best Drawing at theHaxtur Awards,Spain
• 1991:Angoulême Audience AwardforLe dernier chant des Malaterre
• 1998: Prix Ozone, Bande dessinée francophone forSix saisons sur IlO
• 1998: Angoulême Prix Alph-Art du Public forLe Cycle de Cyann-Six saisons sur IlO

References

• Bourgeon publications inCircusand(A SUIVRE)BDoubliées(in French)
• Bourgeon albumsBedetheque(in French)

Footnotes

External links

• François Bourgeon biographyon Casterman(in French)
• François Bourgeon biographyon Vents d'Ouest(in French)
• François Bourgeon biographyon Lambiek Comiclopedia
• History and Femininity in François Bourgeon'sLes compagnons du crépusculeArticle fromImage & Narrative