Dhu al-Hijjah
 | This articleneeds additional citations forverification.(July 2020) |
| Dhu al-Hijjah | |
|---|---|
 The Kaaba duringHajj | |
| Native name | ذُو ٱلْحِجَّة(Arabic) |
| Calendar | Islamic calendar |
| Month number | 12 |
| Number of days | 29–30 (depends on actual observation of the moon's crescent) |
| Significant days | |
Dhu al-Hijjah(alsoDhu al-HijjaArabic:ذُو ٱلْحِجَّة,romanized:Ḏū al-ḤijjaIPA:[ðu‿l.ħid͡ʒ.d͡ʒah]) is the twelfth and final month in theIslamic calendar.[1]Being one of the foursacred monthsduring which war is forbidden, it is the month in which theḤajj(Pilgrimage) takes place as well asEid al-Adha,the "Festival of the Sacrifice."
TheArabicname of the month,Dhu al-Hijjah,means "Possessor of the Pilgrimage" or "The Month of the Pilgrimage".[1]During this month, Muslim pilgrims from all around the world congregate atMeccato visit theKaaba.TheHajj ritesbegin on the eighth day and continue for four or five days. TheDay of Arafahtakes place on the ninth of the month.Eid al-Adha,the "Festival of the Sacrifice", begins on the tenth day and ends on the thirteenth day.[1]
The name of this month is also spelledDhul-HijjaorZu al-Hijja.In modernTurkish,the name isZilhiccealso spelled asZilhacce.[1]
| Islamic calendar |
|---|
| Months |
Timing[edit]
The Islamic calendar is alunar calendar,and months begin whennew moonis sighted. Since theIslamiclunar calendar year is 11 to 12 days shorter than thesolar year,Dhu al-Hijjah migrates throughout the seasons. The estimated start and end dates for Dhu al-Hijja, based on the Umm al-Qura calendar of Saudi Arabia, are:[2]
| AH | First day (CE/AD) | Last day (CE/AD) |
|---|---|---|
| 1443 | 30 June 2022 | 29 July 2022 |
| 1444 | 19 June 2023 | 18 July 2023 |
| 1445 | 7 June 2024 | 6 July 2024 |
| 1446 | 28 May 2025 | 25 June 2025 |
| 1447 | 18 May 2026 | 15 June 2026 |
Special days[edit]
- 8th–13th days of Dhu al-Hijjah are the days of theHajj
- The 9th of Dhu al-Hijjah is theDay of Arafah
- Eid al-Adhaon the 10th of Dhu al-Hijjah
- Eid al-Ghadeeron the 18th Dhu al-Hijjah
Mention in Hadith[edit]
According toHadith,great rewards have been mentioned for performing certain Islamic rituals on specific days of Dhu al-Hijja:
One of the wives of Muhammad said: "Allah's Messenger used tofastthe [first] nine days of Dhul-Hijjah, the day of 'Ashurah,and three days of each month. "[3]
The Prophet said: "There are no days more beloved to Allah that He be worshipped in them than the ten days of Dhu al-Hijjah, fasting every day of them is the equivalent of fasting a year, and standing every night of them (in prayer) is the equivalent of standing on theNight of Qadr."[4]
Abu Qatada narrates that Muhammad was asked about fasting on the Day of Arafah. He said: as for the fasting on the Day of Arafah, I anticipate that Allah will forgive the year (i.e. the sins of the year) after it and the year before it.[5]
General events[edit]
Sunni[edit]
- 18 Dhu al-Hijja,assassination of Uthman,the prominentcompanionand son-in-law ofMuhammadandKhadija.Husband ofRuqayyahandUmm Kulthum.
Shi'ite[edit]
- 01 Dhu al-Hijjah,Nikah(marriage) ofAliandFatimah– AH 2 (24 February AD 624).
- 07 Dhu al-Hijjah, martyrdom ofTwelverandIsmāʿīlīShīʿite Imām,Muhammad al-Bāqir‐ AH 114.
- 08 Dhu al-Hijjah,Husayn ibn ʿAlībegan his journey toKarbalāʾfrom Mecca.
- 09 Dhu al-Hijjah, martyrdom ofMuslim ibn ʿAqīland Hani ibn Urwah inKufah.It is also a day ofsupererogatoryfasting– AH 60.
- 15 Dhu al-Hijjah, birth ofTwelver Imām,ʿAlī al-Naqī– AH 214 [Disputed date].
- 18 Dhu al-Hijjah,Shīʿite Muslimscelebratethe event of Ghadir Khumm– AH 10.
- 19 Dhu al-Hijjah, Fatimah went to Ali's house after their marriage.
- 23 Dhu al-Hijjah, martyrdom ofMeesam Tammar,friend of Ali – AH 60.
- 23 Dhu al-Hijjah, martyrdom of two sons of Muslim ibn ʿAqīl in Kufa – AH 60.
- 24 Dhu al-Hijjah, event ofal-Mubahalahtook place ('Eid al-Mubahilah).
- 24 Dhu al-Hijjah, some historians mention that theHadith,Ahl al-Kisa', event was also on the same day prior to Muhammad setting out for Mubahila.
- 24 Dhu al-Hijjah, supplication day and giving of alms with the ring by Ali. In reply verse, "Verily yourWaleeis Allah; and His Messenger and those who establishSalaat,and payZakaatwhile they be inRukooʿ.(Maa-Idah: 55) "was revealed.
- 25 Dhu al-Hijjah,SuraAl-Insanor Hal Ata, or Dahar, which records the giving of alms to orphans, the destitute and travellers by FatimahHasanand Husain was revealed.
- 25 Dhu al-Hijjah, Ali becomes the Caliph of Islam – AH 35.[citation needed]
Notes[edit]
References[edit]
- ^abcdYaşaroğlu, M.Kâmil (2013)."ZİLHİCCE".TDV Encyclopedia of Islam, Vol. 44 (Yusuf – Zwemer)(in Turkish). Istanbul:Turkiye Diyanet Foundation,Centre for Islamic Studies. pp. 415–416.ISBN978-975-389-785-3.
- ^Umm al-Qura calendar of Saudi Arabia
- ^"Ten Blessed Days of Dhul Hijjah | Soul".Central-mosque.com. Archived fromthe originalon 2013-09-28.Retrieved2013-09-26.
- ^"Jami` at-Tirmidhi 758 – The Book on Fasting – كتاب الصوم عن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم – Sunnah.com – Sayings and Teachings of Prophet Muhammad (صلى الله عليه و سلم)".sunnah.com.Retrieved2024-06-15.
- ^"Sahih Muslim 1162b – The Book of Fasting – كتاب الصيام – Sunnah.com – Sayings and Teachings of Prophet Muhammad (صلى الله عليه و سلم)".sunnah.com.Retrieved2024-06-15.
External links[edit]
- Islamic-Western Calendar Converter(based on the Arithmetical or Tabular Calendar).
- Hadith on Dhul-Hijjah
Every year, from the eighth to the twelfth day ofDhu al-Hijjah. | ||
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