Digg
![]() | This article needs to beupdated.(June 2015) |
![]() | |
Type of site | Social news |
---|---|
Available in | English |
Founded | November 2004 |
Headquarters | New York City,United States[1] |
Area served | Worldwide |
Owner | BuySellAds.com, Inc.[2] |
Founder(s) | Kevin Rose[3] |
Key people | Michael O'Connor (CEO)[4] |
Revenue | Unknown |
Employees | 25 (2018)[5] |
URL | digg |
Advertising | None |
Registration | Optional |
Launched | December 5, 2004 |
Current status | Active |
Written in | Python[6] |
Digg(stylized in lowercase asdigg) is an Americannews aggregatorwith a curated front page, aiming to select articles specifically for the Internet audience such as science, trending political issues, andviralInternet issues. It was launched in its current form on July 31, 2012, with support for sharing content to other social platforms such asTwitterandFacebook.
It formerly had been a popularsocial newswebsite,allowing people to vote user-generated and web content up or down, calleddiggingandburying,respectively. In 2012,Quantcastestimated Digg's monthly U.S. unique visits at 3.8 million.[7]Digg's popularity prompted the creation of similar sites such asReddit.[8]
In July 2008, the former company took part in advanced acquisition talks with Google for a reported $200 million price tag, but the deal ultimately fell through. After a controversial 2010 redesign and the departure of co-foundersJay AdelsonandKevin Rose,in July 2012 Digg was sold in three parts: the Digg brand, website, and technology were sold toBetaworksfor an estimated $500,000;[9]15 staff were transferred toThe Washington Post Company's "SocialCode" for a reported $12 million; and a suite ofpatentswas sold toLinkedInfor about $4 million.[10][11][12]
In April 2018, Digg was purchased by BuySellAds, an advertising company, for an undisclosed amount.[13]
History
[edit]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a9/Digg1.6.png/200px-Digg1.6.png)
Digg started as an experiment in November 2004 by collaboratorsKevin Rose,Owen Byrne, Ron Gorodetzky, andJay Adelson.The original design by Dan Ries was free of advertisements. To monetize, the company originally used GoogleAdSensebut switched toMSN adCenterin 2007.[14]
The site's main function was to let users discover, share and recommend web content. Members of the community could submit a webpage for general consideration. Other members could vote that page up ( "digg" ) or down ( "bury" ). Although voting took place on digg.com, many websites added "digg" buttons to their pages, allowing users to vote as they browsed the web. The end product was a series of wide-ranging, constantly updated lists of popular and trending content from around the Internet, aggregated by a social network.
Additions and improvements were made throughout the website's first years. Digg v2 was released in July 2005, with a new interface by web design company silverorange. New features included a friends list, and the ability to "digg" a story without being redirected to a success page. One year later, as part of Digg v3, the website added specific categories for technology, science, world and business, videos, entertainment, and gaming, as well as a "view all" section that merged all categories. Further interface adjustments were made in August 2007.
By 2008, Digg's homepage was attracting over 236 million visitors annually, according to aCompete.comsurvey.[15]Digg had grown large enough that it was thought to affect the traffic of submitted web pages. Some pages experienced a sudden increase in traffic shortly after being submitted; some Digg users refer to this as the "Digg effect".
Redesign
[edit]CEO Jay Adelson said in 2010 that the site would go through some major changes. In the interview withWiredmagazine, Adelson said that "Every single THING has changed" and that "the entire website has been rewritten."[16]The company changed fromMySQLtoCassandra,a distributed database system; in a blog post, VP Engineering John Quinn said that the move was "bold".[17]Adelson summed up the new Digg by saying, "We've got a new backend, a new infrastructure layer, a new services layer, new machines—everything."[16]
Adelson stepped down as CEO on April 5, 2010, to explore entrepreneurial opportunities, months before the launch date of Digg v4.[18]He had been the company's CEO since its inception. Kevin Rose, another original founder, stepped in temporarily as CEO and Chairman.
Digg's v4 release on August 25, 2010, was marred by site-wide bugs and glitches. Digg users reacted with hostile verbal opposition. Beyond the release, Digg faced problems due to so-called "power users" who would manipulate the article recommendation features to only support one another's postings, flooding the site with articles only from these users and making it impossible to have genuine content from non-power users appear on the front page.[citation needed]Frustrations with the system led to dwindling web traffic, exacerbated by heavy competition from Facebook, whoselike buttonsstarted to appear on websites next to Digg's.[19]High staff turnover included the departure of head of business development Matt Van Horn, shortly after v4's release.[20]
On September 1, 2010,Matt Williamstook over as CEO, ending Rose's troubled tenure as interim chief executive.
In 2013, Andrew McLaughlin took over as CEO after Digg was sold to BetaWorks and re-launched.[21]
In 2015, Gary Liu took over as Digg CEO.[22]
In 2016, Joshua Auerbach took over as interim CEO.[23]
In September 2016, Digg announced that it would begin a data partnership withGannett.The "seven figure" investment would give Gannett access to real-time trend analysis of Digg's 7.5 million pieces of content.[24]
In 2017, Michael O'Connor took over as CEO, and continues as CEO today.
Sale and relaunch
[edit]In July 2012, Digg was sold in three parts:
- the Digg brand, website, and technology were sold to Betaworks for $500,000;[10]
- 15 staff were transferred toThe Washington Post'sCode3project for $12 million;[11]
- the patent portfolio was sold toLinkedInfor approximately $4 million.[12]
There were reports that Digg had been trying to sell itself to a larger company since 2006.[25]The most notable attempt took place in July 2008, when Google entered talks to buy Digg for around $200 million. Google walked away from negotiations during the deal'sdue diligencephase, informing Digg on July 25 that it was no longer interested in the purchase.[26]Digg subsequently accepted further venture capital funding, receiving $28.7 million in September 2008 from investors such asHighland Capital Partners[27]to move headquarters and add staff.[28]Several months later, CEO Jay Adelson said Digg was no longer for sale.[29]
On July 20, 2012, new ownersBetaworksannounced viaTwitterthat they were rebuilding Digg from scratch, "turning [Digg] back into a start-up".[30]Betaworks gave the project a six-week deadline. Surveys of existing users, collected through the website ReThinkDigg.com,[31]were used to inform the development of a new user interface and user experience.[32][33]
The "rethought" Digg reset its version number and launched asDigg v1a day prior to the Betaworks project deadline, on July 31, 2012. It featured an editorially driven front page, more images, and top, popular and upcoming stories. Users could access a new scoring system. There was increased support for sharing content to other social platforms such asTwitterandFacebook.Digg's front page content was selected by editors, instead of users on other communities likeReddit.
Until its sale to BuySellAds.com in 2018, its offices were located at 50 Eldridge Street in New York City's Chinatown.
Features
[edit]Digg Reader
[edit]In response to the announced shutdown ofGoogle Reader,Digg announced on March 14, 2013 that it was working on its ownRSS reader.[34]Digg Reader launched on June 28, 2013 as a web and iOS application. An Android app was released on August 29, 2013. Digg announced that it would shut down Digg Reader on March 26, 2018.[35]
Issues relating to former Digg website
[edit]Organized promotion and censorship by users
[edit]It was possible for users to have disproportionate influence on Digg, either by themselves or in teams. These users were sometimes motivated to promote or bury pages for political or financial reasons.
Serious attempts by users to game the site began in 2006.[36]A top user was banned after agreeing to promote a story for cash to an undercover Digg sting operation.[37]Another group of users openly formed a 'Bury Brigade' to remove "spam" articles about US politicianRon Paul;critics accused the group of attempting to stifle any mention of Ron Paul on Digg.[38]
Digg hired computer scientist Anton Kast to develop a diversity algorithm that would prevent special interest groups from dominating Digg. During atown hall meeting,Digg executives responded to criticism by removing some features that gave superusers extra weight, but declined to make "buries" transparent.[39]
However, later that yearGoogleincreased its page rank for Digg. Shortly afterwards, many 'pay for Diggs' startups were created to profit from the opportunity. According toTechCrunch,one top user charged $700 per story, with a $500 bonus if the story reached the front page.[40]
Digg Patriotswas a conservativeYahoo! Groupsmailing list, with an associated page on coRank, accused of coordinated, politically motivated behavior on Digg. Progressive blogger Ole Ole Olson wrote in August 2010 that Digg Patriots undertook a year-long effort of organized burying of seemingly liberal articles from Digg's Upcoming module. He also accused leading members of vexatiously reporting liberal users for banning (and those who seemed liberal), and creating "sleeper" accounts in the event of administrators banning their accounts. These and other actions would violate Digg's terms of usage.[41][42]Olson's post was immediately followed by the disbanding and closure of the DiggPatriots list, and an investigation into the matter by Digg.[43]
AACS encryption key controversy
[edit]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/40px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png)
On May 1, 2007, an article appeared on Digg's homepage that contained theencryption keyfor theAACSdigital rights managementprotection ofHD DVDandBlu-ray Disc.Then Digg, "acting on the advice of its lawyers", removed posting submissions about the secret number from its database and banned several users for submitting it. The removals were seen by many Digg users as a capitulation tocorporate interestsand an assault on free speech.[44]A statement byJay Adelsonattributed the article's take-down to an attempt to comply withcease and desistletters from theAdvanced Access Content Systemconsortium and cited Digg'sTerms of Useas justification for taking down the article.[45]Although some users defended Digg's actions,[46][47][48]as a whole the community staged a widespread revolt with numerous articles and comments made using the encryption key.[49][50]The scope of the user response was so great that one of the Digg users referred to it as a "digitalBoston Tea Party".[51]The response was also directly responsible for Digg reversing the policy and stating: "But now, after seeing hundreds of stories and reading thousands of comments, you've made it clear. You'd rather see Digg go down fighting than bow down to a bigger company. We hear you, and effective immediately we won't delete stories or comments containing the code and will deal with whatever the consequences might be."[52]
Digg v4
[edit]Digg's version 4 release was initially unstable. The site was unreachable or unstable for weeks after its launch on August 25, 2010. Many users, upon finally reaching the site, complained about the new design and the removal of many features (such as bury, favorites, friends submissions, upcoming pages, subcategories, videos and history search).[53]Kevin Rose replied to complaints on his blog, promising to fix the algorithm and restore some features.[54]
Alexis Ohanian,founder of rival siteReddit,said in an open letter to Rose:
this new version of digg reeks ofVCmeddling. It's cobbling together features from more popular sites and departing from the core of digg, which was to "give the power back to the people."[55]
Disgruntled users declared a "quit Digg day" on August 30, 2010, and used Digg's own auto-submit feature to fill the front page with content from Reddit.[56][57][58]Reddit also temporarily added the Digg shovel to their logo to welcome fleeing Digg users.[59]
Digg's traffic dropped significantly after the launch of version 4,[60]and publishers reported a drop in direct referrals from stories on Digg's front page.[61]New CEO Matt Williams attempted to address some of the users' concerns in a blog post on October 12, 2010, promising to reinstate many of the features that had been removed.
Timeline
[edit]![]() | This section needs to beupdated.(March 2020) |
Date | Event |
---|---|
October 2004 | Development on digg.com begins[62] |
December 1, 2004 | Kevin Rose creates the first profile |
December 3, 2004 | The first story is submitted to Digg[63] |
December 5, 2004 | Digg is open to public |
December 13, 2004 | Kevin Rose shows off Digg onThe Screen Savers[64] |
January 2, 2005 | Comment section introduced for stories |
February 28, 2005 | Digg 1.6: duplicate story detection |
March 19, 2005 | Profile page now includes comment histories and sort by category |
May 9, 2005 | Digg spy is released |
May 27, 2005 | Digg 2.0 is released. Friends feature, ajax buttons for Digg/bury, and a non-linear promotion algorithm are implemented. |
July 2, 2005 | Diggnation podcast begins with Alex and Kevin[65] |
October 2005 | Raises $2.8 million in venture capital |
December 2005 | Digg Spy 2.0 released |
December 2005 | KoolAidGuy saga results in anti-spam tools being introduced[66] |
January 17, 2006 | Top user Albertpacino resigns after accusations of him being on Digg payroll[67] |
January 18, 2006 | Digg Clouds is introduced, search is improved |
January 25, 2006 | Acquisition rumors begins |
February 2, 2006 | Report stories as 'inaccurate' and profanity filters are introduced |
February 15, 2006 | Digg widget for blogs and share by email is released |
March 1, 2006 | New Digg comment system released, threaded and Diggable comments |
April 20, 2006 | Digg Army Saga: after an exposé by forevergeek.com Kevin bans dozens of top users[68] |
June 26, 2006 | Digg v3 rolled out, site redesign, shouts, new categories: politics and sports |
July 24, 2006 | Digg Labs launches |
August 15, 2006 | Thumbnails added |
August 27, 2006 | Digg begins enforcing trademark rights |
September 6, 2006 | User rebellion against Friends System and vote rigging results in promises about the diversity algorithms and other tools that were never implemented. Top user p9 resigns. |
September 8, 2006 | diggriver.com is launched for mobile devices |
September 12, 2006 | #1 Story feature added later renamed as favorites |
December 18, 2006 | New features: Podcast, Videos, Top 10 sidebar, wide-screen support and friends page |
December 28, 2006 | Raises $8.5 million in venture capital |
February 2, 2007 | Top Diggers list removed after user complaints[69] |
February 2, 2007 | Big Spy launched |
February 26, 2007 | The new US elections 2008 section creates much buzz |
March 1, 2007 | Blog post leads to concern about 'bury brigades'. Digg investigates and find no evidence for these allegations |
April 19, 2007 | Digg API is made public, contest launched for best app using the API |
May 1, 2007 | HD-DVD saga regarding the censorship of the leaked encryption key, Kevin yield to users and ends the censorship |
June 4, 2007 | Facebook app is launched |
June 21, 2007 | New Comment System – Joe Stump edition. Instant backlash from community after slow loading. |
July 10, 2007 | iPhone app beta launched |
July 25, 2007 | Ad partnership with Microsoft |
August 27, 2007 | Customizable homepage options. Images and videos now back to homepage. |
September 19, 2007 | New Digg profiles, story suggestion, email alerts |
November 20, 2007 | Digg the Candidates: presidential candidates get their Digg accounts |
February 1, 2008 | Digg town halls |
May 15, 2008 | New comments system is released |
June 30, 2008 | Recommendation engine is released |
July 23, 2008 | Facebook minifeeds of Digg stories |
July 31, 2008 | m.digg.com – mobile site is released |
August 6, 2008 | Firefox extension released |
August 25, 2008 | Digg Dialogg |
September 8, 2008 | Digg warns users against script for auto digging friends stories. |
September 24, 2008 | $28.7 million capital raised with Highland Capital Partners. |
October 3, 2008 | A small number of power users are banned after they fail to follow guidelines against script digging.[70] |
October 9, 2008 | Digg Spy and podcasts discontinued |
December 18, 2008 | Related stories and "People who Dugg this also Dugg" boxes added to individual stories |
April 2, 2009 | DiggBar and short url launched |
April 9, 2009 | New search |
May 6, 2009 | Facebook Connect |
May 26, 2009 | Shouts feature is removed |
August 6, 2009 | Diggable ads implemented |
October 16, 2009 | Partners with WeFollow for categorizing user in the upcoming version 4 release |
November 4, 2009 | Digg Trends launched |
January 17, 2010 | Chrome extension launched |
March 23, 2010 | iPhone app is launched |
April 1, 2010 | Android app is launched |
April 5, 2010 | Jay Adelson steps down as CEO, Kevin Rose becomes interim CEO |
July 2, 2010 | Digg version 4 alpha testing begins |
August 3, 2010 | Digg takes down new user registration in preparation for Digg 4.0[71] |
August 25, 2010 | Digg v4 is released: My News and Publisher Streams launched |
September 1, 2010 | Matt Williams replaces Kevin Rose as CEO |
October 27, 2010 | Digg lays off 37% of its staff along with refocusing the service[72] |
March 18, 2011 | Kevin Rose resigns from his role in the company[73] |
August 9, 2011 | Newswire is launched. |
September 20, 2011 | Newsroom is launched |
December 22, 2011 | DiggSocial Readeris introduced. |
March 6, 2012 | Digg Mobile is now in a relationship with Digg Social Reader. |
July 12, 2012 | Digg announced its sale to Betaworks for $500,000.[74] |
July 20, 2012 | Digg announces new site redesign in progress, "rebooting" the site back to v1 as a "startup", slated for release on August 1, 2012.[30][32][31][33] |
August 1, 2012 | Digg releases v1 site reboot[75] |
June 28, 2013 | Digg Reader launches[76] |
March 17, 2017 | Michael O'Connor replaces Gary Liu as the CEO of Digg[77] |
See also
[edit]References
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External links
[edit]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)