Dinaric race
TheDinaric race,also known as theAdriatic race,were pseudoscientific terms used by certainphysical anthropologistsin the early to mid-20th century[1][2][3]to describe the perceived predominantphenotypeof the contemporary ethnic groups ofsoutheast Europe.According to the discredited theories of physical anthropologistCarleton Coon,the Dinaric race was most commonly found among the populations in theBalkansandCarpathians,such asMontenegrins,Serbs,Bosniaks,Croats,Ghegs,Slovaks,Romanians,Hungarians,Western Ukrainians,and SouthernPoles.[4]Additionally, inNorthern Europe,theSouth Germanswere also identified[by whom?]as having Dinaric characteristics.[5]
History
[edit]The notion of a Dinaric race originated withracial anthropologistJoseph Denikerin the late 19th century, but became most closely associated with the writings ofCarleton S. CoonandNazi eugenicistHans F. K. Günther.The term was derived from theDinaric Alps(the western part ofSoutheastern Europe) which was supposed to be the principal habitat of the race.[citation needed]
Origin and distribution
[edit]
Several pseudoscientific theories were advanced regarding the genesis of the Dinaric race. Günther argued that the Dinaric race shared a common origin with the Hither Asiatic (Near Eastern) race in theCaucasusregion. They left the Caucasus region and underwentselective pressure,with the Dinaric race eventually possessing mental traits similar to theNordicrace.Jan Czekanowskibelieved that the Dinaric race arose from admixture between the Nordic andArmenoidrace.[6]
Coon also argued, however, inThe Origin of Races(1962), that the Dinaric and some other categories "are not races but simply the visible expressions of the genetic variability of the intermarrying groups to which they belong."
He referred to the creation of this distinctivephenotypefrom the mixing of earlier separate groups as "dinaricisation". In his view Dinarics were a specific type that arose from ancient mixes of theMediterranean raceandAlpine race.
According to the Dinaric model, Dinarics were to be found mainly in the mountainous areas of southeastern Europe:Albania,Kosovo,Montenegro,Bosnia and Herzegovina,Croatia,Serbia,Slovenia,Austria,part of northwesternBulgaria,and northwesternNorthern Macedonia.Northern and easternItalywas considered mostly a Dinaric area as well as westernGreece,Romania,Moldova,westernUkraine,southeasternGerman-speaking areas, and parts of southeasternFrance.[citation needed]
"Noric" subtype
[edit]TheNoric race(‹See Tfd›German:Norische Rasse) was a racial category proposed by the anthropologist Victor Lebzelter. The "Noric race" was supposed to be a sub-type of the Dinaric race moreNordicin appearance than standard Dinaric peoples.[7]The term derived fromNoricum,a province of theRoman Empireroughly equivalent to southernAustriaand northernSlovenia.The term is not to be confused withNordic.[8]
See also
[edit]Citations
[edit]- ^Anne Maxwell (2010).Picture Imperfect: Photography and Eugenics, 1870–1940.Sussex Academic Press.ISBN978-1-84519-415-4.[permanent dead link]
- ^Carolyn Fluehr-Lobban (2006).Race and Racism: An Introduction.Rowman Altamira. pp. 132–.ISBN978-0-7591-0795-3.
- ^Coon 1939.
- ^Coon, Carleton S. (1939-01-01).The Races of Europe.Dalcassian Publishing Company.
- ^Bartulin, Nevenko (2013-11-14).The Racial Idea in the Independent State of Croatia: Origins and Theory.BRILL.ISBN978-90-04-26282-9.
Germans were predominantly Nordic, while the southern Germans belonged to the Alpine and Dinaric races
- ^Bartulin, Nevenko (2012)."INTELLECTUAL DISCOURSE ON RACE AND CULTURE IN CROATIA 1900 1945".Hrčak:197 – via Hrčak.
- ^Renato Biasutti on Caucasoid SubracesArchivedMay 11, 2012, at theWayback Machine
- ^Lynn, R.Personality and National Character: International Series of Monographs in Experimental Psychology.Elsevier. p. 162.ISBN9781483186771.