EN80
| EN80 | |
|---|---|
 A preserved EN80 nearPodkowa Leśna | |
| Stock type | Electric railcar |
| In service | 1927– 1972 |
| Manufacturer | English Electric(1927) Konstal(1948) |
| Constructed | 1927, 1948 |
| Entered service | 1927–1972 |
| Number built | 52 |
| Successor | Pafawag 101N |
| Capacity | 68 (railcar) 77 (trailer) |
| Operators | Warsaw Commuter Railway |
| Specifications | |
| Train length | 13,400 mm (530 in) |
| Width | 2,250 mm (89 in) |
| Height | 3,327 mm (131.0 in) |
| Wheel diameter | 851 mm (33.5 in) |
| Maximum speed | 85 |
| Weight | Railcar: 23.1 t (25.5 short tons) Trailer: 14.1 t (15.5 short tons) |
| Engine type | English Electric: DK-31 Konstal Chorzów: Crompton C-123 |
| Power output | English Electric: 4×36 kW Konstal Chorzów: 4×45 kW |
| Electric system(s) | 600 VDC |
| Braking system(s) | ElectricKunze–Knorr brakes |
| Seating | 38 |
| Track gauge | Standard gauge |
EN80was a series ofstandard-gaugeelectric railcarsandtrailersoperated by theWarsaw Commuter Railwayfrom 1927 to 1972. 20 railcars and trailers were built in 1927 byEnglish Electric.They were all repaired byKonstalafterWorld War II,with the addition of 12 new trailers to the fleet.
Genesis and production
[edit]After theWarsaw Commuter Railway(Polish:Warszawska Kolej Dojazdowa,WKD), then known as the Electric Commuter Railway, was built in the 1920s, the owners of the railway turned toEnglish Electric,a British company, in order to produce the firststandard-gaugetram to serve this route, as this was the first standard-gauge railway in Poland and no Polish trains could serve on it due to the gauge discrepancy.[1]
English Electric complied. In 1927, it built 20 railcars and 20 trailers for the WKD. They were delivered to Poland before the line was opened, on 11 December 1927.[2]After World War II, the rolling stock was rebuilt byKonstalin Chorzów. This was accompanied by 12 new trailers, built in 1948. The new EN80s were equipped with 45kW engines.[2]
Design
[edit]EN80 series trams were built ofoakandpinetimber.[3]The interiors were composed of large oak benches, with a total capacity of 38 passengers. They were accompanied by small tables.[1]The electric railcars included cabs on both sides, equipped with basic equipment.[3]
Each of the EN80 railcars was equipped with twobogies.[4][5]The wheels on the train had a diameter of 851 mm (33.5 in).[1]The tram relied onoverhead linesto provide a supply of 600Vof electricity through itspantograph.[5]
Service history
[edit]The railcars, arriving on 11 December 1927 in Poland, served the route fromWarsawtoGrodzisk Mazowiecki,as well as the slower routes toWłochyandMilanówek,built in the 1930s.[2]Prior to the start ofWorld War II,the WKD became increasingly crowded. In 1939, WKD railcars carried a daily load of 40,000 passengers. Although most EN80s remained operational throughout the war, during theWarsaw Uprisingand theRed Army's approach to Warsaw,General Governmentauthorities began destroying units en masse.[6]After the war had ended, by 16 May 1945, only 25 EN80s remained.[5]
In order to fill the gap left in the EN80 fleet by the destruction, in 1948,Konstal's factory inChorzówbuilt 12 new trailers; all existing EN80s were also rebuilt.[2]In 1951, after the WKD was rebranded, it had 20 railcars and 30 trailers in its inventory.[5]The introduction of thePafawag 101Nain 1972 resulted in the rapid retirement of EN80 trains; the last railcar was retired on 1 March 1973.[5]One railcar, EN-16s, remains in the WKD's headquarters.[7]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^abcSekita, Halina."Rola WKD w transporcie aglomeracji warszawskiej"(PDF).ikolej.pl.PKP.Retrieved15 June2024.
- ^abcdTerczyński, Paweł (2007).Atlas lokomotyw 2007.Poznański Klub Modelarzy Kolejowych. p. 94.ISBN978-83-920757-7-6.
- ^abŁęgowski, Ireneusz. "Ocalić od zapomnienia...".Świat Kolei(3/1995): 29.ISSN1234-5962.
- ^Kaczorowski, Stanisław. "Historycznym EN80 do Podkowy Leśnej".Technika Transportu Szynowego(4/1995): 13.
- ^abcdeTyszko, Zbigniew (2006).Elektryfikacja PKP na przełomie wieków XX i XXI. W siedemdziesiątą rocznicę elektryfikacji PKP.Z.P. Poligrafia. p. 58.ISBN978-83-922944-6-7.
- ^Malinowski, Romuald. "50 lat pracy linii WKD Warszawa – Grodzisk Mazowiecki 1927-1977".Trakcja i Wagony(7/1978): 93–93.
- ^Terczyński, Paweł. "Wukadka".Świat Kolei(6/2016): 3.ISSN1234-5962.