Ethyltert-butyl ether
This articleneeds additional citations forverification.(November 2019) |
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Names | |
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Preferred IUPAC name
2-Ethoxy-2-methylpropane | |
Other names
Ethyltert-butyl ether
Ethyl tertiary butyl ether Ethyltert-butyl oxide tert-Butyl ethyl ether Ethylt-butyl ether | |
Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol)
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Abbreviations | ETBE |
ChEBI | |
ChemSpider | |
ECHA InfoCard | 100.010.282 |
EC Number |
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PubChemCID
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RTECS number |
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UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard(EPA)
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Properties | |
C6H14O | |
Molar mass | 102.18 |
Appearance | Clear colorless liquid |
Density | 0.7364 g/cm3 |
Melting point | −94 °C (−137 °F; 179 K) |
Boiling point | 69 to 71 °C (156 to 160 °F; 342 to 344 K) |
1.2 g/100 g | |
Hazards | |
GHSlabelling: | |
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Danger | |
H224,H225,H315,H319,H335,H336 | |
P210,P233,P240,P241,P242,P243,P261,P264,P271,P280,P302+P352,P303+P361+P353,P304+P340,P305+P351+P338,P312,P321,P332+P313,P337+P313,P362,P370+P378,P403+P233,P403+P235,P405,P501 | |
Flash point | −19 °C (−2 °F; 254 K) |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in theirstandard state(at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Ethyltertiary-butyl ether(ETBE), also known asethyltert-butyl ether,is commonly used as anoxygenategasoline additivein the production ofgasolinefromcrude oil.ETBE offers equal or greater air quality benefits thanethanol,while being technically and logistically less challenging. Unlike ethanol, ETBE does not induce evaporation of gasoline, which is one of the causes ofsmog,and does notabsorb moisturefrom the atmosphere.
Production
[edit]Ethyl tert-butyl ether is manufactured industrially by the acidic etherification ofisobutylenewithethanolat a temperature of 30–110 °C and a pressure of 0,8–1,3 MPa. The reaction is carried out with an acidicion-exchange resinas acatalyst.[2]
![Synthesis of Ethyl tert-butyl ether](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Synthese_von_Ethyl-tert-butylether.svg/770px-Synthese_von_Ethyl-tert-butylether.svg.png)
Suitable reactors are fixed-bed reactors such as tube bundle or circulation reactors in which the reflux can be cooled optionally.[2]
Ethanol,produced by fermentation and distillation, is more expensive thanmethanol,which is derived from natural gas. Therefore,MTBE,made from methanol is cheaper than ETBE, made from ethanol.
See also
[edit]- Methyltert-butyl ether(MTBE)
- tert-Amyl methyl ether(TAME)
- Tetraethyllead(TEL)
- List of gasoline additives
References
[edit]- ^Merck Index,11th Edition,3732.
- ^abGrömping, Matthias; Höper, Frank; Leistner, Jörg; Nierlich, Franz; Peters, Udo; Praefke, Jochen; Rix, Armin; Röttger, Dirk; Santiago Fernandez, Silvia."Preparing ethyl tertiary butylether from hydrocarbon mixture, useful as fuel additive, comprises reacting isobutene with ethanol, separating the hydrocarbon, reacting separated isobutene with ethanol and separating unconverted hydrocarbon".Google Patents.Evonik Degussa GmbH.Retrieved5 March2019.
External links
[edit]- EC Joint Research Centre ETBE risk assessment report[permanent dead link]
- Directive 98/70/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 October 1998 relating to the quality of petrol and diesel fuels and amending Council Directive 93/12/EEC
- An assessment of the impact of ethanol-blended petrol on the total NMVOC emission from road transport in selected countries