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Operation Althea

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European Union Force Bosnia and Herzegovina
Also known asEUFOR, Operation Althea
Military leaderMajor GeneralLászló Sticz
Political leaderEuropean Union
Dates of operation2 December 2004(2004-12-02)– present
AllegianceEuropean Union
MotivesSuccessful implementation of theDayton Agreement
Size1100 members
Battles and warstheDayton Agreement
ColoursBlue, white, and yellow
Preceded by
SFOR

Operation Althea,formally theEuropean Union Force Bosnia and Herzegovina(EUFOR), is a military deployment inBosnia and Herzegovinato oversee the military implementation of theDayton Agreement.[1]It is the successor toNATO'sSFORandIFOR.The transition from SFOR toEUFORwas largely a change of name and commanders: 80% of the troops remained in place.[2]It replaced SFOR on 2 December 2004.

General aspects

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Civilian implementation of the Dayton Agreement is enforced by theOffice of the High Representative.

EUFOR's commander isMajor GeneralLászló Sticz[3]ofHungary.For this mission, theEuropean Union Military Staffis using NATO'sSupreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe(SHAPE) as the EU's Operational Headquarters (OHQ) and is working through the Deputy to theSupreme Allied CommanderEurope, a European officer.

EUFOR assumed all the missions of SFOR, except for the hunt for individuals indicted by the war crimes tribunal, notablyRadovan Karadžić,former leader ofRepublika Srpska,andRatko Mladić,their former military leader, which remained a mission for NATO[2]through NATO Headquarters Sarajevo.[4]EUFOR does have police duties against organised crime, which is believed to be linked to suspected war criminals.[5]It worked with theEuropean Union Police Mission in Bosnia and Herzegovina(EUPM) and with theBosnian Police.TheEuropean Union Special Representativein Bosnia and Herzegovina provides political guidance on military issues with a local political dimension to the EUFOR.

As of February 2023,the total force ofEUFORis approximately 1,000 troops from 22 countries, including EU member states and non-EU "Troop Contributing Countries" (TCC) are present within EUFOR (Albania, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Chile, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, North Macedonia, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland, and Turkey).[6]

On 18 December 2020, the United Kingdom marked the end of its 16-year contribution to EUFOR, following Brexit.[7]

As of early 2021, EUFOR personnel bases include:

  • Multinational Battalion is EUFOR's military maneuver unit for BiH, located at Camp Butmir, Sarajevo, and comprises troops from Austria, Bulgaria, Hungary, Romania, and Turkey.
  • 19 LOT Houses located throughout BiH to connect EUFOR to local communities and authorities. Houses are located in Cazin, Banja Luka (Romania) and Banja Luka (Chile), Brčko, Doboj, Tuzla, Zavidovići, Travnik, Bratunac, Zenica, Vlasenica, Sarajevo, Livno, Jablanica, Višegrad, Foča, Mostar, Čapljina and Trebinje.[8]

Contributing states

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List of countries EUFOR Althea:[9]

Country EU NATO Strength
Albania[10] No Yes 1
Austria[11] Yes No 221
Belgium Yes Yes 1
Bulgaria[12] Yes Yes 10
Chile[13] No No 15
Czech Republic[14] Yes Yes 2
France[15] Yes Yes 250
Germany[16] Yes Yes 50
Greece[17] Yes Yes 2
Hungary[18] Yes Yes 30
Ireland[19] Yes No 7
Italy[20] Yes Yes 4
Netherlands[21][22] Yes Yes 160
North Macedonia[23] No Yes 3
Poland[24] Yes Yes 39
Portugal Yes Yes 1
Romania[25] Yes Yes 39
Slovakia[26] Yes Yes 40
Slovenia[27] Yes Yes 9
Spain[28] Yes Yes 4
Sweden Yes Yes 2
Switzerland[29] No No 26
Turkey[30] No Yes 150
22 16 17 1,510


Withdrawn
Country EU NATO Year of withdrawal
Estonia Yes Yes 2012
Finland Yes Yes 2018[31]
Luxembourg Yes Yes 2013
United Kingdom[32] No Yes 2020[33]

Commanders

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No. State Rank Name Tenure
1 United Kingdom Major general David Leakey 2 December 2004 – 6 December 2005
2 Italy Major general Gian Marco Chiarini 6 December 2005 – 5 December 2006
3 Germany Rear admiral Hans-Jochen Witthauer 5 December 2006 – 4 December 2007
4 Spain Major general Ignacio Martín Villalaín[34] 4 December 2007 – 4 December 2008
5 Italy Major general Stefano Castagnotto 4 December 2008 – 3 December 2009
6 Austria Major general Bernhard Bair 4 December 2009 – 6 December 2011
7 Austria Major general Robert Brieger 6 December 2011 – 3 December 2012
8 Austria Major general Dieter Heidecker 3 December 2012 – 17 December 2014
9 Austria Major general Johann Luif 17 December 2014 – 24 March 2016
10 Austria Major general Friedrich Schrötter 24 March 2016 – 28 March 2017
11 Austria Major general Anton Waldner 28 March 2017 – 28 March 2018
12 Austria Major general Martin Dorfer 28 March 2018 – 26 June 2019
13 Austria Major general Reinhard Trischak 26 June 2019 – 14 January 2021
14 Austria Major general Alexander Platzer 14 January 2021 – 20 January 2022
15 Austria Major general Anton Wessely 20 January 2022 – 18 January 2023
16 Austria Major general Helmut Habermayer 18 January 2023 – 22 January 2024
17 Hungary Major general László Sticz 22 January 2024 – present

See also

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References

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  1. ^Reuters[dead link]
  2. ^ab"EU troops prepare for Bosnia swap".BBC. 23 October 2004.
  3. ^"European Union Force in BiH - Major General László Sticz takes command of EUFOR Operation Althea".www.euforbih.org.Retrieved2024-02-04.
  4. ^"Allied Joint Force Command Naples".Archived fromthe originalon 2007-11-23.Retrieved2007-12-05.
  5. ^Evans, Michael (29 November 2004)."EU force to take on pimps, drug barons and smugglers".The Times.Archived fromthe originalon January 3, 2006.Retrieved13 January2007.
  6. ^"EUFOR Fact Sheet – Countries of EUFOR".EUFOR. Archived fromthe originalon 2011-07-18.Retrieved2008-02-01.
  7. ^"European Union Force in BiH – United Kingdom ends contribution to EU Mission".www.euforbih.org.Retrieved2024-06-18.
  8. ^"European Union Force in BiH - EUFOR LOT Houses".euforbih.org.Retrieved2024-05-15.
  9. ^"European Union Force in BiH - Mission Background".www.euforbih.org.Retrieved2024-05-15.
  10. ^Einsatzzahlen albanische StreitkräfteArchived2024-05-27 at theWayback Machine,retrieved 28 September 2016.
  11. ^Einsatzzahlen österreichischen Streitkräfte,retrieved 28 March 2018.
  12. ^Einsatzzahlen bulgarische Streitkräfte,retrieved 14 March 2017.
  13. ^Einsatzzahlen chilenische Streitkräfte,retrieved 28 September 2016.
  14. ^Einsatzzahlen tschechische Streitkräfteat theWayback Machine(archived May 31, 2018), retrieved 28 September 2016.
  15. ^Wolska, Anna (2024-04-12)."Po NATO teraz UE zwiększy swoją wojskową obecność w Bośni i Hercegowinie".www.euractiv.pl(in Polish).Retrieved2024-08-09.
  16. ^"EUFOR Althea: Bundeswehr trägt weiter zu Frieden und Stabilität bei".www.bmvg.de(in German). 2024-05-11.Retrieved2024-05-15.
  17. ^Einsatzzahlen griechische Streitkräfte,retrieved 28 September 2016.
  18. ^Einsatzzahlen ungarische Streitkräfte,retrieved 14 March 2017.
  19. ^"Overseas Deployments".www.military.ie.Retrieved2024-08-09.
  20. ^Einsatzzahlen italienische Streitkräfte,retrieved 28 September 2016.
  21. ^"A look at the Defence news 2 – 8 October - News item - Defensie.nl".english.defensie.nl.2023-10-11.Retrieved2024-08-09.
  22. ^"Netherlands to deploy 160 soldiers for peacekeeping mission in Bosnia".anews.Retrieved2024-08-09.
  23. ^http://www.euforbih.org/eufor/index.php/eufor-news/latest-news/2071-visit-to-eufor-by-minister-of-defence-of-former-yugoslav-republic-of-macedonia-fyromEinsatzzahlen mazedonische Streitkräfte
  24. ^Einsatzzahlen polnische Streitkräfte,retrieved 28 September 2016.
  25. ^Einsatzzahlen rumänische Streitkräfteat theWayback Machine(archived February 18, 2016), retrieved 28 September 2016.
  26. ^Einsatzzahlen slowakische Streitkräfte,retrieved 14 March 2017.
  27. ^Einsatzzahlen slowenische Streitkräfte,retrieved 28 September 2016.
  28. ^Einsatzzahlen spanische Streitkräfte,retrieved 14 March 2017.
  29. ^Einsatzzahlen Schweizer Streitkräfteat theWayback Machine(archived September 27, 2016), Swiss Peace Support, retrieved 28 September 2016.
  30. ^Einsatzzahlen türkische Streitkräfte,retrieved 28 March 2018.
  31. ^"Finland discontinues its participation in the EUFOR ALTHEA operation".maavoimat.fi.Retrieved2024-06-18.
  32. ^"Ministry of Defence Sarajevo - GOV.UK".www.gov.uk.Archived fromthe originalon 2014-06-13.
  33. ^"European Union Force in BiH – United Kingdom ends contribution to EU Mission".www.euforbih.org.Retrieved2024-06-18.
  34. ^"EUFOR change of command ceremony".Archived fromthe originalon 2017-09-28.Retrieved2007-12-05.

Further reading

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Wikimedia Commons has media related toEUFOR Althea.
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