Stonehouse, Plymouth
| Stonehouse | |
|---|---|
 Stonehouse from Mount Edgcumbe | |
  Stonehouse Location withinDevon | |
| Unitary authority | |
| Ceremonial county | |
| Region | |
| Country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | PLYMOUTH |
| Postcode district | PL1 3xx |
| Dialling code | 01752 |
| Police | Devon and Cornwall |
| Fire | Devon and Somerset |
| Ambulance | South Western |
East Stonehousewas one ofthree townsthat were amalgamated into modern-dayPlymouth,in the ceremonial county ofDevon,England.West Stonehousewas a village that is within the currentMount Edgcumbe Country Parkin Cornwall. It was destroyed by the French in 1350. The terminology used in this article refers to the settlement ofEast Stonehousewhich is on the Devon side of the mouth of the Tamar estuary, and will be referred to asStonehouse.
History
[edit]Settlement in the area goes back toRomantimes and a house made of stone was believed to have stood near toStonehouse Creek.However other stories relate to land owned in the 13th century byRobert the Bastard.This land subsequently passed from the Durnford family, through marriage, to the Edgecombe family in the 14th and 15th centuries. The site of the original settlement of Stonehouse is now mostly occupied by the complex ofPrincess Yachts.[1]
During the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries the areas of Emma Place and Caroline Place were home to many of the west country's top-ranking admirals, doctors and clergy. Those streets together with Millbay Road used to form Plymouth'sred light district.Union Street,originally built across marshland, was for almost a century the centre of the city's night life with about a hundred pubs, a music hall and many other attractions. Much of it was destroyed by bombing in World War II. After the war the area between Union Street and the dock has been used by small factories, storage, car dealers and repairers. For decades it remained underdeveloped compared with other parts of Plymouth.[2]
Administrative history
[edit]Stonehouse was historically achapelryof the parish ofPlymouth St Andrew's,covering the part of the parish which lay outside Plymouth'sboroughboundaries. Stonehouse was made a separate parish in 1746.[3]The parish of East Stonehouse was made alocal government districtin 1872, governed by a local board.[4]Such local boards were reconstituted asurban district councilsin 1894.[5]
East Stonehouse Urban District was abolished in 1914, being absorbed into thecounty boroughof Plymouth, along with neighbouringDevonport.[6]East Stonehouse remained acivil parishuntil 1 April 1974,[7]but as anurban parishit had no practical functions, being directly administered by Plymouth Corporation.[8]In 1951 the parish had a population of 7770.[9]
Notable buildings
[edit]Significant buildings include theRoyal William Victualling Yard,[10]theRoyal Marine Barracks, Stonehouse[11]and theRoyal Naval Hospital, Stonehouse.[12]Of these three defence complexes only the Barracks remain in Naval possession.[11]
During the reign ofHenry VIIdefences at the mouth of theTamarwere strengthened by the building of cannon-bearing towers. One of these, the Artillery Tower at the sea end of Durnford Street, has been preserved and is now a restaurant.[13]
Two of the surviving buildings close to the dock at Millbay are the red brick Portland stone-faced Georgian assembly room that is still called the Long Room, and the exquisite late Georgian or early Victorian Globe Theatre 300 metres north within the barracks.[14]
On the higher ground towards North Road are two major churches. Firstly theAnglicanSt Peter's with its tall spire in the centre ofGeorgianstyle Wyndham Square. A few hundred metres east is the mid VictorianRoman Catholic cathedral of St Mary and St Boniface(1858).[15]
During 1882,Arthur Conan Doyleworked as a newly qualified physician at 1 Durnford Street, East Stonehouse. Plaques bearing passages from his works featuringSherlock Holmeshave since been set into the pavement in Durnford Street.[16]
Regeneration
[edit]Between 1993 and 1998 the part of Stonehouse to the west of Durnford Street (including theRoyal William Victualling Yard) was designated as one of the three areas of the city under control ofPlymouth Development Corporation.Gradually affluent residents are moving back into the district which has been comparatively poor since theGreat War.Durnford Street is being regentrified.The former Naval Hospital (adjacent to the Millfields – formerly part ofStonehouse Creek) is agated communitywith security guards.[17]However, Royal William Yard, also a walled site, welcomes the public freely (apart from car parking charges) to its increasing number of food outlets, and has part of theSouth West Coast Pathrunning through it, using a staircase specially constructed in 2013.[18]In 2013 a marina was opened withinMillbay Docks.[19]
OnStonehouse Creek,a branch of theTamar,off the estuary known as theHamoazeare the modern shipbuilding sheds occupied by the luxury motor-yacht firm Princess Yachts who employ hundreds of local tradesmen to construct and fit out expensive vessels.[1]The creek now ends at Stonehouse Bridge (for many years atoll bridge) and to the north east the wide river bed which led up pastMillbridgeto Pennycomequick and beyond to the bottom ofFord Park Cemetery,was reclaimed and infilled in 1973[20]to provide the playing fields of Victoria Park and rugby pitches forDevonport High School for Boys.[21]
Stonehouse is the site of Plymouth's international ferry port at Millbay with at least daily sailings toRoscoffin Brittany (except in winter) and frequent ferries toSantanderin northern Spain.[22]
There is a regular passenger ferry from the tidal landing Admiral's Hard toCremyllin Cornwall which is used by visitors to theMount Edgcumbe Country Park,and commuters to Plymouth.[23]
Notable people
[edit]- Alexander Copland HutchisonFRSEsurgeon and medical author
- John Eastman Palmer– photographer
- William Eastman Palmer– 19th-century photographer
- Caroline Ganley– member of parliament
References
[edit]- ^ab"Sailing out of Plymouth loaded to the gunnels with luxury".The Telegraph. 29 August 2015.Retrieved26 October2018.
- ^"Is there any hope left for Union Street?".Plymouth Herald. 19 August 2017.Retrieved26 October2018.
- ^Youngs, Frederic (1979).Guide to the local administrative units of England, Volume 1: Southern England.London: Royal Historical Society. p. 98.ISBN0901050679.
- ^Kelly's Directory of Devon and Cornwall.London. 1914. p. 497.Retrieved13 August2023.
{{cite book}}:CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^"Local Government Act 1894",legislation.gov.uk,The National Archives,1894 c. 73,retrieved13 August2023
- ^"Local Government Board's Provisional Order Confirmation (No. 18) Act 1914"(PDF).legislation.gov.uk.The National Archives.Retrieved30 December2023.
- ^"Plymouth Registration District".UKBMD.Retrieved31 May2024.
- ^"East Stonehouse Civil Parish / Chapelry".A Vision of Britain through Time.GB Historical GIS / University of Portsmouth.Retrieved13 August2023.
- ^"Population statistics East Stonehouse Ch/CP through time".A Vision of Britain through Time.Retrieved31 May2024.
- ^"Clarence Store Royal William Victualling Yard, Plymouth, City of Plymouth".www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk.
- ^ab"Cuts could force Royal Marines from Stonehouse Barracks and hand site to developers".The Herald.Retrieved12 November2016.
- ^"Royal Naval Hospital".Pastscape.Retrieved30 May2016.
- ^"Artillery Tower".Retrieved26 October2018.
- ^Historic England."Royal Marine Barracks The Globe Theatre (1244645)".National Heritage List for England.
- ^"History of The Plymouth Cathedral".Cathedral of Saint Mary and Saint Boniface website.Archived fromthe originalon 4 May 2008.Retrieved23 November2008.
- ^"Walk 72 – Plymouth Waterfront Walk".Devon County Council.Retrieved4 May2010.
- ^"Introduction".Millfields.Retrieved30 May2016.
- ^"Stairway to Devon opens up at Plymouth's Royal William Yard".South West Coast Path. 18 June 2013.Retrieved26 October2018.
- ^"UK's first new marina in five years opens in Plymouth".Motor Boat and Yachting. 2 October 2013.Retrieved26 October2018.
- ^"Ancient and Modern".Devonport High School. Archived fromthe originalon 3 January 2004.Retrieved16 August2016.
- ^Historic England."Devonport High School for Boys (1386309)".National Heritage List for England.
- ^"Contact details for reservations".Brittany Ferries.Retrieved26 October2018.
- ^"Cremyll Ferry".Plymouth Boat Trips.Retrieved26 February2018.
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