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Eric Adams

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This article is about the politician. For the heavy metal singer, seeEric Adams (musician).

Eric Adams
Adams in 2023
110thMayor of New York City
Incumbent
Assumed office
January 1, 2022
DeputyLorraine Grillo
Sheena Wright
Preceded byBill de Blasio
18thBorough PresidentofBrooklyn
In office
January 1, 2014 – December 31, 2021
Preceded byMarty Markowitz
Succeeded byAntonio Reynoso
Member of theNew York State Senate
from the20thdistrict
In office
January 1, 2007 – December 31, 2013
Preceded byCarl Andrews
Succeeded byJesse Hamilton
Personal details
Born
Eric Leroy Adams

(1960-09-01)September 1, 1960(age 64)
New York City, U.S.
Political partyDemocratic(before 1997, 2001–present)
Other political
affiliations		Republican(1997–2001)[1]
Domestic partnerTracey Collins[2]
Children1
ResidenceGracie Mansion(Official)
EducationNew York City College of Technology(AA)
John Jay College of Criminal Justice(BA)
Marist College(MPA)
Occupation
  • Politician
  • police officer
  • author
Signature
WebsiteOfficial website
Police career
DepartmentNew York City Police Department
Service years1984–2006
RankCaptain
Eric Adams's voice
On thedeath of Tyre Nichols
Recorded January 2023
This article is part of a series about
Eric Adams

Eric Leroy Adams(born September 1, 1960) is an American politician and former police officer currently serving as the 110thmayor of New York Citysince 2022. Adams was an officer in theNew York City Transit Policeand then theNew York City Police Department(NYPD) for more than 20 years, retiring at the rank ofcaptain.He served in theNew York State Senatefrom 2006 to 2013, representing the20th Senate districtinBrooklyn.InNovember 2013,Adams was electedBrooklyn Borough President,the first African-American to hold the position, and reelected inNovember 2017.

Adams was elected mayor of New York City in the city's2021 mayoral election.He received theDemocratic Party's nomination after narrowly winninga crowded Democratic mayoral primarywhich usedinstant-runoff voting(ranked-choice voting). In the general election, Adams won alandslidevictory overRepublicannomineeCurtis Sliwa.[3][4][5]Adams was sworn in as mayor shortly after midnight on January 1, 2022. As mayor, he has taken what is seen as atough-on-crimeapproach and reintroduced aplain-clothed unit of police officersthat had been disbanded by the previous administration. He has also implemented, alongside increased police presence, azero-tolerance policyonhomelesspeople sleeping in subway cars.[6][7]

In September 2024, a series ofcriminal investigationsinto Adams's administration emerged. On September 25, Adams was indicted on federal charges of bribery, fraud, and soliciting illegal foreign campaign donations, following a federal corruption investigation. He is the first mayor in New York City history to be charged with crimes while in office.[8]

Early life and education

[edit]

Adams was born inBrownsville, Brooklynon September 1, 1960.[9]His mother, Dorothy Mae Adams-Streeter (1938–2021),[10][11]worked double shifts as a housecleaner and had received only a third-grade education.[12]His father, Leroy Adams, was a butcher who struggled with alcohol abuse.[13][14]Both of his parents moved to New York City fromAlabamain the 1950s.[14]Adams was raised in a rat-infested tenement inBushwick, Brooklyn.His family was so poor that he often brought a bag of clothes to school with him in case of a sudden eviction from his home.[15]By 1968, his mother managed to save up enough money to buy a house and move the family toSouth Jamaica, Queens.[14]He was the fourth of six children. As a young boy, he sometimes earned money as asqueegee boy.[15]

At age 14, Adams joined a gang, the 7-Crowns, and became known as "a tough little guy".[14]He would hold money for local hustlers. He also ran errands, including purchasing groceries, for a dancer and part-time prostitute named Micki after she became injured.[14]After Micki refused to pay for the groceries he purchased or his work, Adams and his brother stole her TV and a money order. The two were later arrested for criminal trespassing.[14]While in police custody, they were allegedly beaten by NYPD officers until a black cop intervened. Adams was sent to a juvenile detention center for a few days before being sentenced to probation.[14]Adams hadpost-traumatic stress disorderafter the incident and has said that the violent encounter motivated him to enter law enforcement. He was particularly intrigued by the black police officer and by the "swagger" and "respect" that comes with being in law enforcement.[14]Herbert Daughtryof The House of the Lord Pentecostal Church added to his motivation when he suggested that by joining the police force, he could aid in reforming police culture from within. Adams would later attend his church often.[16][17][18][19]

Adams graduated fromBayside High Schoolin Queens in January 1979,[20]but struggled to maintain good grades.[21]He began attending college while working as a mechanic and a mailroom clerk at theBrooklyn District Attorney's office, receiving anassociate degreefrom theNew York City College of Technology,abachelor's degreefrom theJohn Jay College of Criminal Justice,and anMPAfromMarist Collegein 2006.[22][23]Adams experienced an academic turnaround that he credits to adyslexiadiagnosis in college: "I went from a D student to the dean's list."[24]As a result, he became a strong advocate for early dyslexia screening in public schools.[25]

Policing career

[edit]

Adams served as an officer in theNew York City Transit Policeand theNew York City Police Department(NYPD) for 22 years. He has described his wanting to serve as a reaction to the abuse he suffered by NYPD in his youth and separately stated that he was encouraged to join to lead reform from within.[26][27][28][29]He attended theNew York City Police Academyand graduated second in his class in 1984.[12]

Adams started in theNew York City Transit Policeand continued with the NYPD when the transit police and the NYPD merged.[30]He worked in the 6th Precinct inGreenwich Village,the 94th Precinct inGreenpoint,and the 88th Precinct coveringFort GreeneandClinton Hill.In 1986, white police officers raised their guns at Adams when he was working as a plainclothes officer; he was mistaken for a suspect.[14]During the 1990s, Adams served as president of the Grand Council of Guardians, an African American patrolmen's association.[31]

Adams worked with theNation of Islamin the 1990s because of their work in patrolling crime-ridden housing projects.[14]Adams met with their leaderLouis Farrakhanand appeared on stage with him at an event. Adams also suggested that MayorDavid Dinkinsmeet with Farrakhan and hire the Nation of Islam's security company to patrol housing projects. Adams' ties to Farrakhan—who has madeantisemiticcomments—received criticism in theNew York Post.[14]

In 1995, Adams served as an escort forMike Tysonwhen he was released from jail following his rape conviction.[32]That same year, in response toRudy Giuliani's election as Mayor, he co-founded100 Blacks in Law Enforcement Who Care,anadvocacy groupfor black police officers that sought criminal justice reform and often spoke out againstpolice brutalityandracial profiling.[33][1]The group also held tutorials that taught black male youth how to deal with the police if they are detained, which included turning on the car's dome light, putting their hands on the wheel and deescalating the situation. However, many activists, includingAl Sharpton,criticized Adams' efforts, claiming that he was merely teaching young black people how to "live under oppression."[14]

In 1999, Adams said on race in policing:[34]

Lying is at the root of our training. At the academy, recruits are told that they should not see black or brown people as different, but we all do. We all know that the majority of people arrested for predatory crimes are African-American. We didn't create that scenario, but we have to police in that scenario. So we need to be honest and talk about it.

In 2006, Adams was put under surveillance and investigated by the NYPD for appearing on television in his official capacity as a police officer and critiquing MayorMichael Bloomberg.[32]Internal Affairs Bureauof the NYPD opened an investigation into this and charged Adams with disseminatingmisinformation,divulging official police business, and speaking as a representative of the department without permission. He retired from the police force with the rank of captain shortly after being found guilty for speaking in an official capacity.[35]

Early political career

[edit]

In the 1990s, Adams began to eye a political career with the ultimate goal of becoming the Mayor of New York City. He spoke toWilliam Lynch Jr.,who was an advisor to MayorDavid Dinkins,about a political career.[15]Lynch encouraged Adams first to obtain a bachelor's degree, rise within the NYPD's ranks and successfully run for a lower political office.[15]

During the1993 mayoral election,Adams, a supporter of the incumbent David Dinkins, made a controversial comment about a candidate forNew York State Comptroller,Herman Badillo.Adams said that if Badillo—who was Puerto Rican—were concerned about the Hispanic community, he would have married a Hispanic woman and not a white Jewish woman.[36]These comments became a point of turmoil in the election. They caused controversy for Dinkins, who ultimately lost the election.[32]

In 1994, Adams ran for Congress against incumbentMajor Owensin the Democratic primary forNew York's 11th congressional district,condemning Owens for denouncingLouis Farrakhan,[1]but failed to receive enough valid signatures to make the ballot.[37]Adams claimed his petition signatures had been stolen by someone on behalf of Owens, but police found no corroborating evidence.[15][32]

Adams registered as a Republican in 1997 before switching back to the Democratic Party in 2001, according to theBoard of Elections.[1][38]Adams has said his switch to the Republican Party was a protest move against what he saw as failed Democratic leadership.[15]

New York State Senate (2007–2013)

[edit]

In 2006, Adams ran for theNew York State Senate.[12]He was elected and served four terms until 2013, when he was elected Brooklyn Borough President.[39]He represented the20th Senate District,which includes parts of the Brooklyn neighborhoods ofBrownsville,Crown Heights,East Flatbush,Park Slope,Prospect Heights,andSunset Park.[39]

He placed billboards around parts ofBrooklynbemoaningpants sagging.[15]He also published an instructional video to teach parents how to search their child's room for contraband. In the demonstration, Adams finds acrack pipein a backpack, bullets behind a picture frame, andmarijuanasecreted inside of a doll.[15]As a freshman state senator in 2007, he joined other legislators requesting a pay raise for New York's lawmakers, who had not received a raise since 1999. At the time, they ranked third-highest in pay among state lawmakers in the United States.[40][41]During his speech on the floor supporting a pay raise for legislators, he said: "show me the money."[15]

In 2009, two New York State Senate Democrats aligned with Republicans, creating a standoff over who would be the Senate's next leader.[15]Adams worked to foster a compromise to nominateJohn L. Sampsonas the Minority Leader of the New York State Senate.[15]That same year, Adams was one of 24 state senators to vote in favor ofmarriage equality in New York State.[42]He spoke in support of the freedom to marry during the debate before the vote.[42]After the bill failed to become law, he again voted to legalize same-sex marriage in New York in 2011. On July 24, 2011, New York'sMarriage Equality Actcame into effect.[43]

In 2010, Adams became Chair of the Senate Racing and Wagering Committee and was praised for his engagement. He would spend hours traveling and visiting racetracks to study the issue further.[15]He came under investigation for his handling of choosing an operator to run the gambling operation at theAqueduct Racetrackin Queens. A report conducted by the state inspector general was critical of Adams's judgment as he leaked information on the bidding process, fundraised from potential bidders, and attended the victory celebration of the company awarded the contract.[15][32]The matter was referred to theUnited States Department of Justice,but they took no action and Adams admitted no wrongdoing, calling the report a "political hit piece".[15][32][44][45]In February 2010, Adams was one of just eight members of the New York Senate who voted not to expel SenatorHiram Monserratefrom the legislature after he was convicted of assault for dragging his girlfriend down a hallway and slashing her face with a piece of glass.[15]

Adams was a vocal opponent of the NYPD's"stop and frisk" policy,which predominantly affected young black and Latino men, and which, in 2000, theU.S. Commission on Civil Rightssaid constitutedracial profiling.[46]In 2011, he supported calling for a federal investigation into stop-and-frisk practices.[46]He championed a bill to stop the NYPD from gathering data about individuals who had been stopped but not charged.[47]

In 2012, Adams served as co-chair of New York's State Legislators Against Illegal Guns.[48][49]Adams and five other state lawmakers wore hooded sweatshirts in the legislative chamber on March 12, 2012, in protest of the shooting ofTrayvon Martin,a Florida teen who was killed by another civilian,George Zimmerman.[50][51]

Brooklyn Borough President (2013–2021)

[edit]
Main article:Brooklyn borough presidency of Eric Adams
Adams in 2020

On November 5, 2013, Adams was electedBrooklyn Borough Presidentwith 90.8 percent of the vote, more than any other candidate for borough president in New York City that year.[52]In 2017, he was elected with 83.0 percent of the vote.[53]In both of his campaigns, he was unopposed in the Democratic primaries.[54]

Under theNew York City Charter,borough presidents must submitUniform Land Use Review Procedure(ULURP) recommendations on certain uses of land throughout their borough.[55][56]Adams used his ULURP recommendations to propose additional permanently affordable housing units in the rezoning ofEast New York;the relocation of municipal government agencies to East New York to reduce density inDowntown Brooklynand create jobs for community residents; and the redevelopment of 25 Kent Avenue inWilliamsburgas manufacturing space, with increased property taxes directed to the acquisition of the remaining proposed sections ofBushwick Inlet Parkand their development as a community resource.[57][58]

Based on a report prepared by the Independent Budget Office of New York City (IBO) at his request, Adams urged theCity University of New York(CUNY) system to explore reinstating free tuition for two-yearcommunity colleges,which could improve graduation rates and lead to increased earnings potential and taxpayer contribution, as well as expand access to higher education.[59]Adams advocated for making two-year CUNY colleges free.[60]

Adams with JudgeRachel Freierin 2016

Adams introduced a bill in theNew York City Councilthat would require all municipal buildings providing services to the public to havelactation rooms.The council passed the bill on July 14, 2016.[61]

After Adams received a personal diagnosis oftype two diabetes in 2016,he adopted and began advocating for policies that would promote a plant-based diet and healthier lifestyle. The Office of the Brooklyn Borough President launched a plant-based nutrition page on its website with links to resources encouraging vegan and plant-based lifestyles and printable handouts produced by the borough.[62]Adams urged the City Council to pass a resolution called "Ban theBaloney",aiming for schools across the city to stop serving processed meats. He also avidly supported" Meatless Mondays "in public schools.[63]In 2021, Adams authorized a grant from the borough toSUNY Downstate College of Medicineto establish a plant-based supplemental curriculum.[64]

Adams with CouncilmemberKalman Yegerand members of the Jewish community after the2019 Jersey City shooting

Adams criticized the use of excessive force in the arrest ofEric Garner,who died after being placed in a chokehold prohibited by NYPD regulations, and the arrest of postal carrier Glen Grays, who was determined not to have committed any crime or infraction.[65][66][67][68]After the2014 killings of NYPD officersWenjian Liu and Rafael Ramos, Adams wrote an editorial for theNew York Daily Newscalling on police officers and the community to work with each other to build a relationship of mutual respect.[65]

Following the school shooting atMarjory Stoneman Douglas High SchoolinParkland, Floridaon February 14, 2018, Adams joined the efforts of Brooklyn students by organizing an emergency meeting at Brooklyn Borough Hall and a rally in Prospect Park to demand stricter gun laws.[69]That same month, after acorrectional officerendured a beating from six inmates at the George Motchan Detention Center onRikers Island,Adams stood outside the Brooklyn Detention Center to express his support to reinstatesolitary confinementin prisons.[70]

In 2014, Adams established the One Brooklyn Fund, a nonprofit organization for community programs, grant writing, and extolling local businesses. Critics characterized it as serving as a conduit for Adams's public profile and allowing non-campaign "pay to play"contributions from developers and lobbyists.[71]Adams's office was investigated twice by the city Department of Investigation (DOI) over One Brooklyn's fundraising. The first investigation was in 2014 when potential attendees were asked if they would provide "financial support" to One Brooklyn. In 2016, the DOI found that Adams' office had mistakenly licensed the use ofBrooklyn Borough Hallfor a Mayor's Office event.[72][73]

2021 mayoral campaign

[edit]
Main article:2021 New York City mayoral election

Adams had long been mulling a run for New York mayor,[74]and on November 17, 2020, he announced his candidacy forMayor of New York Cityin the2021 election.He was a top fundraiser among Democrats in the race, second only toRaymond McGuireregarding the amount raised.[75]

Adams ran as a moderate Democrat, and his campaign focused on crime and public safety. He has argued against the "defund the police"movement and in favor ofpolice reform.[76][77][78]Public healthand the city's economy were cited as his campaign's other top priorities.[79]Initiatives promoted in his campaign include "an expanded local tax credit for low-income families, investment in underperforming schools, and improvements to public housing."[80]

On November 20, 2020, shortly after formally announcing his run for mayor of New York City, Adams attended an indoor fundraiser with 18 people in anUpper West Siderestaurant during theCOVID-19 pandemic,drawing criticism.[81]He held an already scheduled fundraiser the following day inQueens,when a 25-person limit on mass gatherings was in place. Adams's campaign said that there were eight people at the event and that they were required to wear masks and practicesocial distancing.[82]

While Adams opposed NYPD's"stop and frisk" policy,during his State Senate tenure,[46]he supported it during his 2021 mayoral campaign. In February 2020, Adams said that "if you have a police department where you're saying you can't stop and question, that is not a responsible form of policing..."[83][84]For much of the race, Adams trailed entrepreneurAndrew Yangin public polling.[85]However, Adams's standing in the polls grew stronger in May. He emerged as the frontrunner in the final weeks of the election.[86]In the months leading up to the election, crime rose in New York, which may have benefited Adams, a former police officer, who ran as a tough-on-crime candidate.[87]

While running for office, Adams faced scrutiny from several media outlets regarding his residency.[88][89][90][91]Adams and his partner,Tracey Collins,own aco-opinFort Lee,New Jersey near theGeorge Washington Bridge,where some critics allege he actually resides.[92][93]

On July 6, Adams completed a come-from-behind victory, declared the winner of the Democratic primary, ahead ofKathryn Garcia,Maya Wiley,Andrew Yang,and others in New York's first major race to useranked-choice voting.[94]

Following his primary victory, Adams hosted a series of political fundraisers inThe HamptonsandMartha's Vineyardand vacationed inMonte Carlo,which critics contended contradicted his message of being a "blue-collar" mayor.[15]

Adams facedRepublicanCurtis Sliwainthe general electionand was heavily favored to prevail. He was elected on November 2, 2021, winning 67.4% of the vote to Sliwa's 27.9%.

Endorsements

[edit]

Adams received support in the primary from New York elected officials including U.S. RepresentativesThomas Suozzi,Adriano EspaillatandSean Patrick Maloney,as well as fellow Borough PresidentsRubén Díaz Jr.fromThe BronxandDonovan RichardsfromQueens,along with a number of city and state legislators.[95]Adams also received endorsements from laborunion locals,including theUniformed Fire Officers Association,[96]District Council 37,[97]andService Employees International Union, Local 32BJ.[95]

Various local media outlets endorsed Adams, includingEl Especialito,The Irish Echo,The Jewish Press,New York Post,Our Time Press,and theQueens Chronicle.He was ranked as the second choice in the Democratic primary by theNew York Daily NewsbehindKathryn Garcia.[95]

Mayor of New York City (2022–present)

[edit]
Main article:Mayoralty of Eric Adams

Mayoral transition

[edit]
Mayor-elect Adams at aChabad HouseinAccra,Ghana

In August 2021, Adams namedSheena Wright,CEO ofUnited Wayof New York City as chair of his transition team. In November, Adams named nine additional co-chairs, includingCUNYChancellorFélix Matos Rodríguez,SEIU 32BJPresident Kyle Bragg,Goldman SachsCFO Stephen Scherr,YMCA of Greater New YorkPresident and CEO Sharon Greenberger,InforCEOCharles Phillips,andFord FoundationPresidentDarren Walker.[98]

After getting elected, Adams reconfirmed his pledge to reinstate aplainclothes police unitthat deals with gun violence. SomeBlack Lives Matteractivists denounced the effort, but Adams labeled the behavior "grandstanding".[99][100]

On November 4, 2021, Adams tweeted that he planned to take his first three paychecks as Mayor inbitcoinand that New York City would be "the center of the cryptocurrency industry and other fast-growing, innovative industries".[101]

Adams announced he would bring back the "gifted and talented" school program, improve relations with New York State, review property taxes, and reduce agency budgets by 3% to 5%.[102]

On December 2, 2021, Adams took a trip toGhanawhere he visited theElmina Castle.[103]

Tenure

[edit]

Inauguration

[edit]

Adams took office shortly after theNew Year's Eve Ball Dropat midnight inTimes Square,holding a picture of his recently deceased mother, Dorothy, while being sworn in. He became the city's second mayor of African descent to hold the position and the first sinceDavid Dinkinsleft office in 1993.[104][105]

First 100 days

[edit]
Adams with PresidentJoe Bidenand GovernorKathy Hochulin February 2022
Adams speaking about his subway safety plan in February 2022

Shortly after becoming Mayor, Adams sought a waiver from theConflicts of Interest Boardto hire his brother, Bernard, for a $210,000 paying job in the NYPD, where he would serve as the head of his personal security detail.[106][107]Bernard started working the job on December 30, 2021, two days before Adams was inaugurated as Mayor.[106]Adams was accused ofnepotismfor this pick.[107][108]Adams said white supremacy and anarchists are on the rise and "suggested that he can trust no one in the police department as much as he can his own kin."[109]He was also criticized for his hiring ofPhilip Banks III,a former NYPD commander, to serve as deputy mayor for public safety.[107][110]Banks had been the subject of a federal investigation by theFBIin 2014, the same year he resigned from the police force.[107]

Eight days into Adams's tenure as Mayor,an apartment firein the Bronx killed 17 people, including eight children.[111]In response to the fire, Adams announced that a law requiring self-closing doors to prevent smoke and fires from spreading throughout apartment buildings would be enforced.[111]However, his administration faced criticism for its slow response in distributing disaster funds to those impacted by the fire.

New York City faced a significant uptick in crime during the first months of Adams's tenure as Mayor. The uptick in crime was highlighted by the shooting deaths of two NYPD officers, Jason Rivera and Wilbert Mora, when responding to a domestic disturbance inHarlem.In response, Adams announced that he would be bringing back a police unit made up of plainclothes officers, which was disbanded by de Blasio in 2020 following themurder of George Floyd.[112]The unit was officially revived on March 16, 2022.[113]Amid the crime spree, PresidentJoe BidenandAttorney GeneralMerrick Garlandvisited New York City and vowed to work with Adams to crack down onhomemade firearms,which lack traceable serial numbers and can be acquired without background checks.[114]Throughout Adams's first year in office, crime continued to rise, resulting in bothThe New York Timesand theNew York Postlabeling his plans as "ineffectual".[115]

In early February 2022, a video of Adams from 2019 leaked in which the then-Borough President boasted about being a better cop than his "cracker"colleagues. Adams apologized for his comments, saying," I apologize not only to those who heard it but to New Yorkers because they should expect more from me, which was inappropriate. "[116]

Later in February, Adams implemented a zero-tolerance policy for homeless people sleeping in subway cars or subway stations. Police officers, assisted by mental health professionals, were tasked with removing homeless people from the subway system and directing them to homeless shelters or mental health facilities.[117]The plan has been met with criticism from some activists.[118]The Adams administration also took a stand against homeless encampments. In the first three months of Adams's tenure, more than 300 homeless encampments had been declared and cleared.[119]To track encampments, the Adams administration created a sharedGoogle Docthat NYPD officers are directed to use to report homeless encampments. The Department of Homeless Services is then tasked with responding to such reports within a week.[115]

On February 14, 2022, 1,430 New York City municipal workers were fired after refusing to be vaccinated againstCOVID-19.The mandate had been introduced in October 2021 by Adams's predecessor but kept in place by Adams. In March 2022, Adams ended the city's vaccine mandate for indoor settings and the city's mask mandate in public schools. That same month, Adams announced that he would keep the city's vaccine mandate for private-sector employees but create an exemption for athletes and performers. The policy became known as the "Kyrie Carve-Out", as it was intended to allow unvaccinatedBrooklyn NetsstarKyrie Irvingto play home basketball games.[115]

On February 23, 2022, Adams called on companies based in New York City to rescindremote workpolicies put in place during theCOVID-19 pandemic,saying, "You can't stay home in your pajamas all day."[120]Adams cited the need for in-person workers in the city who would patronize local businesses, saying "I need the accountant in the office so that they can go to the local restaurant so that we can make sure that everyone is employed."[120]

Remainder of 2022

[edit]

On April 11, 2022, Adams was diagnosed with COVID-19 and entered quarantine for ten days.[121]While Adams was quarantined, a manshot 10 peopleon aNew York City Subwaytrain in Brooklyn. Adams worked virtually to issue a response to the attack and criticized the national "overproliferation" of guns as being responsible for gun violence.[122]Following the shooting, he suggested the implementation of metal detectors to screen riders entering the subway.[115]

In June 2022, Adams unveiled his administration's "comprehensive blueprint" foraffordable housing.[115]However, the plan was critiqued for being too vague as it did not proposerezoningto build more housing, and did not contain any actual estimate of how many new housing units would be built.[115]

In response to an influx of asylum seekers sent to New York City from the states of Florida and Texas, Adams announced plans to install Humanitarian Emergency Response and Relief Center Tent Cities onRandalls Island.[123]After about one month, the tent city was closed and the migrants were moved to hotels indowntown Manhattan.[124]

In late November, as part of his campaign to combat crime and clear homeless encampments in New York City, Adams announced an effort to allow the police to commit mentally ill people to psychiatric institutions involuntarily. The policy states that those hospitalized should only be discharged once they are stable and connected to ongoing care. The policy will be enforced by police, care workers, and medical officials, who will be tasked with identifying those who have a mental illness and who are unable to care for themselves. The policy applies to those who pose no direct danger to themselves or others.[125][126]

In December 2022, Adams, ReverendsAl SharptonandConrad Tillard,Vista Equity PartnersCEO andCarnegie HallChairmanRobert F. Smith,World Values Network founder and CEO RabbiShmuley Boteach,andElisha Wieseljoined to host 15 Days of Light, celebratingHanukkahandKwanzaain a unifying holiday ceremony at Carnegie Hall.[38][127]Adams said: "social media is having a major impact on the hatred that we are seeing in our city and in this country.... We should bring social media companies to the table to highlight the racist and antisemitic words being spread on their platforms."[128][129]

Shortly after Adams's inauguration, polls found that he had a 63% approval rating. On June 7, 2022, a poll conducted bySiena College,in conjunction withSpectrum Newsand itsNY1affiliate, found that Adams had an approval rating of 29%. The poll also found that 76% of New Yorkers worried they could be a victim of a violent crime.[130]

2023

[edit]

In late February 2023, at the annual interfaith breakfast, Adams said he disagreed with the notion ofseparation of church and state.[131]During the speech Adams said, "Don't tell me about no separation of church and state. State is the body. Church is the heart.[131]You take the heart out of the body, the body dies. "Additionally, Adams said he disagreed with theSupreme Court's1962 decision inEngel v. Vitale,which held school prayer to be unconstitutional.[131]Adams said, "When we took prayers out of schools, guns came into schools..."[131]

In March 2023, as a result of the high office vacancy rates, theNew York City Department of City Planningadvanced plans toconvert vacant office buildings into "affordable" apartments.[132]Adams elicited backlash after proposing "dormitory style accommodations" and declaring that apartments did not require windows.[133][134]

In 2022 and 2023, Adams and the Municipal Labor Committee (MLC), which is led by the presidents of two sizeable municipal labor unions,District Council 37(DC 37) and theUnited Federation of Teachers(UFT), agreed on a deal that would move City retirees from traditionalMedicareto a new, privately runMedicare Advantage plan.Although the MLC comprises the leadership of every municipal union, MLC voting is proportional to the union's size, giving DC 37 and the UFT more than enough votes to prevail over unions opposed to the deal. Many City retirees have protested the agreement between the Mayor and the MLC.[135][136]

As mayor, whenYom HaAtzma'utfell on April 25, Adams announced the night-time lighting of City Hall and other municipal buildings blue and white, identifying the assessment of themodern state of Israel's historyas "three-quarters of a century promoting peace and security in the Middle East and hope and opportunity across the globe" as "stand[ing] side by side" with New York's Jewish community.[137]

In 2023, the Adams administration spent $50,000 to relocate 114 migrant households who entered New York City from the Mexico-United States southern border to countries like China and other states within the United States. They were resettled during the years of 2021 and 2022. The migrants were seekingpolitical asylum.[138] In 2023, Mayor Adams vetoed a bill to increase penalties for zoning violations in New York.[139]In July 2023, during theNew York City migrant housing crisis,Adams argued that New York City was running out of room and resources to provide for the influx of roughly 100,000 migrants from the southern border. He said, "Our cup has basically runneth over. We have no more room in the city."[140]In August 2023, a lawyer for GovernorKathy Hochulaccused Adams of being slow to act and failing to accept aid offers from the state to manage the migrants.[141]In September 2023, Adams warned reporters that the migrant crisis could "destroy" New York City.[142]

On June 23, 2023, Adams vetoed legislation that would have increased eligibility for housing vouchers to homeless families and individuals under the CityFHEPS program;[143][144][145]Adams implemented part of the legislation via executive order, eliminating a 90-day waiting requirement for people currently in shelters.[145]In an op-ed in theNew York Daily News,Adams claimed that the bills would cost too much and create administrative difficulties.[146]The City Council responded in a series of annotations to the op-ed,[147]"call[ing] the mayor's arguments 'wrong,' 'misleading,' 'gaslighting' and 'alternative facts' ".[145]On July 13, 2023, the City Council overrode the Mayor's veto by a vote of 42–8, marking the first veto override since the administration ofMichael Bloomberg.[144][145]The New York Timesdescribed the override as "another example of the increasingly confrontational relationship between the City Council and the mayor",[145]andCity & Statesaid that it was "a turning point for the City Council".[148]Adams has indicated that he may challenge the veto override in court.[148]Adams also sought to challenge the "right to shelter" consent ruling inCallahan v. Carey.

During a housing town hall on June 28, 2023, 84-year-oldHolocaustsurvivor andWashington Heightstenant advocate Jeanie Dubnau accused Adams of being controlled by the real-estate lobby and questioned him about the past two years of rent increases on rent-stabilized housing, which were approved by a board he appointed.[149][150]Adams responded "Don't stand in front like you treated someone that's on the plantation that you own."[149][150][151][152]The following day, a local radio channel asked Adams if he felt he "went too far"; Adams refused to apologize and called Dubnau's behavior "degrading".[153][154]

In November 2023, Adams was accused in a lawsuit of sexual assault by an anonymous former coworker while they were both city employees in 1993. Adams denied the accusation, claiming he did not know who the accuser was and if they had ever met; he did not recall it. The lawsuit also accused Adams of battery, employment discrimination based on gender and sex, retaliation, a hostile work environment, and intentional infliction of emotional distress, and also named theNYPD Transit Bureauand the Guardians Association of the NYPD as defendants.[155][156][157][158]

In December 2023, theUnited Federation of Teachersfiled a lawsuit against Eric Adams to prevent a $550 million cut to education funding.[159]

2024

[edit]

On January 30, 2024, The New York City Council voted to override Mayor Adam's veto of theHow Many Stops Actunder the command of Council SpeakerAdrienne Adams.The new law officially limits the use ofsolitary confinementof prisoners being held onRikers Islandand all city jails and requires police officers to take detailed notes of encounters with members of the public who they suspect of committing a crime or for other reasons. CouncilmanYusef Salaamis the Chair of the Public Safety Committee and he also had a part in bringing this legislation to the floor for a vote.[160][161]

Adams rejected a ceasefire in theIsrael–Hamas war,[162]saying "Bring the hostages home."[163]

At a news conference, Adams suggested that the city could hire migrants aslifeguardsbecause they are "excellent swimmers". The comment was called "racist and divisive" by unnamed immigrant rights groups.[164]

Adams has promoted a series of changes to New York City'szoninglaws called the "City of Yes". The first proposal, intended to make environmentally-friendly building renovations androoftop solarinstallations easier, was approved by the City Council on December 6, 2023.[165]The second proposal, intended to allow businesses more flexibility in terms of where they can operate, was approved on June 6, 2024.[166]The third proposal, intended to allow "a little more housing in every neighborhood", is scheduled for a vote in December 2024. Proponents say the proposal is crucial to address theNew York City housing shortage,while opponents have raised concerns about changes it will bring to low-density neighborhoods.[167][168]

On May 21, 2024, Adams created a Charter Revision Commission to propose changes to theNew York City Charter.It released five proposals, which will be subject to voter approval on November 5.[169]Critics said the proposals, three of which limit the City Council's power, were designed to push an earlier ballot measure, which would have limited mayoral power, off the ballot.[170]A spokeswoman for the City Council called the commission a "sham" and accused it of "undermining democracy and oversight of the Mayor’s administration".[171]

Federal indictment

[edit]
Main articles:Federal prosecution of Eric AdamsandInvestigations into the Eric Adams administration
Adams exiting the courthouse on the day of his arraignment

On November 12, 2023,The New York Timesreported that Adams' investigation by the FBI was related in part to an alleged influence by the Turkish government to have its consulate in a Manhattan building approved by New York City authorities without a fire inspection.[172]On September 25, 2024, Adams was indicted in a sealed case.[173][174]Dozens of politicians called on Adams to resign, including congresswomanAlexandria Ocasio-Cortezof the Bronx.[175][176]

On September 26, the case was unsealed, revealing the five charges: bribery, conspiracy, fraud, and two counts of soliciting illegal foreign campaign donations.[177]The allegations for which Adams was indicted for begin in 2014, when he was still Brooklyn Borough President. Adams is accused of receiving luxury travel and other benefits from people fromTurkey,namely a Turkish government official and Turkish businessmen. This included Adams pressuring the New York City Fire Department to open a Turkish consular building without a fire inspection.[178]Allegedly, in order to cover up his misconduct, Adams created and instructed others to make false paper trails indicating he actually paid for these trips in full.[179]He was arraigned in federal court on September 27, entering a plea of not guilty.[180]

In response, Adams has said that the charges are "entirely false, based on lies", called for an immediate trial, and has vowed to fight the charges.[181]Adams claims the charges are retaliation for opposing theBiden-Harris administration's handling of themigrant crisis.[182]

On September 27, 2024,U.S. RepresentativeJerry Nadler,the dean of the New York Democratic House delegation, called for Adams to resign.[183]

Electoral history

[edit]
Main article:Electoral history of Eric Adams
Year Office Type Party Main opponent Party Votes for Adams Result Swing
Total % P. ±%
1994 U.S. Representative Primary Democratic Major Owens Democratic Withdrew Lost N/A
2006 State Senator General Democratic James M. Gay Republican 38,713 70.7% 1st N/A Won Hold
2008 General Democratic Stephen A. Christopher Republican 79,000 70.9% 1st +0.2% Won Hold
2010 General Democratic Allan E. Romaguera Republican 51,598 84.0% 1st +13.1% Won Hold
2012 General Democratic Rose Laney Republican 81,110 84.6% 1st +0.6% Won Hold
2013 Borough President General Democratic Elias Weir Republican 246,547 90.8% 1st +5.8% Won Hold
2017 General Democratic Vito Bruno Republican 278,488 82.9% 1st -7.9% Won Hold
2021 Mayor Primary Democratic Kathryn Garcia Democratic 404,513 50.4% 1st N/A Won N/A
General Democratic Curtis Sliwa Republican 753,801 67% 1st +3.8% Hold

Personal life

[edit]

Adams has never been married. He has a son, Jordan Coleman,[2]with former girlfriend Chrisena Coleman.[12][184]His son is a graduate ofAmerican University,and is a filmmaker and television actor.[32]Adams is currently in a relationship withTracey Collins,the Senior Youth Development Director for theNew York City Department of Education.[15]Adams has earned the nickname "NightlifeMayor "due to his penchant for frequentlyclubbingin the city on Friday and Saturday nights.[185]

Adams is anon-denominational Christian.[131]In September 2023, along withNew York City Police CommissionerEdward Caban,Adams became aPrince HallFreemason[186]as well as a 32nd Degree Member of theScottish Rite.[187]He has citedMahatma Gandhias an inspiration.[188]

Plant-based diet

[edit]

In 2016, Adams switched to aplant-based dietafter his diagnosis oftype 2 diabetes.Adams researched alternatives to lifelonginsulininjections and sought opinions of physicians includingCaldwell B. Esselstyn Jr.of theCleveland Clinic.[189][190]Adams made lifestyle changes rather than pursuing traditional treatments for diabetes. He switched to awhole foodplant-based diet, removing animal products,processed sugar,salt, oil, and processed starches. He also began exercising regularly, using an exercise bike and treadmill in his office. Within six months, he lost 30 lb (14 kg), reversed his diabetes, and reduced his blood pressure andcholesterollevels.[191]He has said that he wants to encourage others to switch to a healthier diet, and that some of the public health spending for diabetes should go toward lifestyle changes rather than treating disease.[192]In February 2022, after several accounts surfaced of Adams eating fish in public, questions emerged about whether Adams was truly a vegan. He responded that while he follows a plant-based diet, "I am perfectly imperfect and have occasionally eaten fish."[193]

In October 2020, Adams published the plant-based advocacy cookbook,Healthy at Last: A Plant-Based Approach to Preventing and Reversing Diabetes and Other Chronic Illnesses,which also chronicles his health journey.[194]He was also a contributor to the 2021 anthologyBrotha Vegan: Black Men Speak on Food, Identity, Health, and Society.[195]InHealthy at Last,he wrote that he initially followed his doctor's orders for taking medication before later switching to a plant-based diet with a doctor's consultation. However, in the 2023Netflixdocumentary,You Are What You Eat: A Twin Experiment,Adams claimed never to have used the medication. He also endorsed not taking medication that a doctor recommends in favor of the pure plant-based diet.[196]

Sexual assault lawsuit

[edit]

On November 22, 2023, a Florida woman filed a sexual assault lawsuit against Adams under the New YorkAdult Survivors Act.[197]On March 18, 2024, a legal complaint related to the lawsuit was filed which alleged that in 1993, Adams drove the woman, who at the time had recently been passed over for a promotion, to a vacant lot, where he then asked her for oral sex in exchange for career help.[198]The complaint also alleged that when the woman refused, Adams forced her to touch his penis andejaculatedon her leg.[199]In addition to sexual assault, the lawsuit also included counts of battery, infliction of emotional distress, gender discrimination, retaliation and sexual harassment.[199]On March 19, Adams denied the accusation, claiming he had conducted himself with dignity during his 40 years in public life.[200]

Published works

[edit]
  • Healthy at Last: A Plant-Based Approach to Preventing and Reversing Diabetes and Other Chronic Illnesses.Hay House. 2020.ISBN978-1401960568.[194]
  • Don't Let It Happen.Xulon Press.2009.ISBN978-1607919858.[201][202]

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  123. ^Siff, Andrew (October 3, 2022)."NYC Pulls About-Face on Tent City for Migrants Amid Backlash".RetrievedOctober 13,2022.
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  125. ^Newman, Andy; Fitzsimmons, Emma (November 29, 2022)."New York City to Involuntarily Remove Mentally Ill People From Streets".The New York Times.
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  127. ^Ain, Stewart; Stovall, TaRessa (December 23, 2022)."Kwanzakkah: A way to celebrate dual heritage, and combat hate".The Forward.
  128. ^"Mayor Eric Adams, Rev. Al Sharpton, Robert F. Smith, Robert F. Smith, Rev. Conrad Tillard, Rabbi Shmuley Boteach and Elisha Wiesel join together to host '15 Days of Light,' celebrating Hanukkah and Kwanzaa".JNS.December 22, 2022.
  129. ^"Black and Jewish Leaders Gather at Carnegie Hall to Take a Stand Against Antisemitism and Racism".Yahoo.December 20, 2022. Archived fromthe originalon December 25, 2022.RetrievedDecember 25,2022.
  130. ^Lahut, Jake (June 7, 2022)."New York City Mayor Eric Adams' approval rating falls to 29%, with a majority of residents saying the city" is headed in the wrong direction ".Business Insider.RetrievedJune 17,2022.
  131. ^abcdeRubinstein, Dana (February 28, 2023)."Adams, Discussing Faith, Dismisses Idea of Separating Church and State".The New York Times.RetrievedMarch 7,2023.
  132. ^"Mayor Eric Adams tours former office building being converted to housing in Lower Manhattan".ABC News7 New York.March 13, 2023.RetrievedMay 17,2023.
  133. ^Barkan, Ross (March 26, 2023)."On Politics: Mayor's brouhaha over windowless housing could open a door".Crain's New York Business.RetrievedMay 17,2023.
  134. ^Brand, David (March 22, 2023)."Do bedrooms need windows? Mayor Adams floats controversial office-to-apartment conversions".Gothamist.RetrievedMay 17,2023.
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  137. ^"Mayor Adams Announces City Hall, Other City Buildings Will be lit Blue and White Tonight in Honor of Israeli Independence Day".NYC.gov.April 25, 2023.RetrievedApril 23,2024.
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  140. ^Sarkar, Shankhyaneel (July 22, 2023)."'Our Cup Has Runneth Over': New York Says It Has No More Room for Migrants ".News 18.RetrievedAugust 16,2023.
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  142. ^Fitzsimmons, Emma (September 7, 2023)."In Escalation, Adams Says Migrant Crisis 'Will Destroy New York City'".The New York Times.RetrievedSeptember 7,2023.
  143. ^"Mayor Eric Adams vetoes 4 bills aimed at increasing aid to homeless New Yorkers, citing cost".CBS New York.June 23, 2023.RetrievedJuly 6,2023.
  144. ^abWhitford, Emma (July 13, 2023)."NYC Council Overrides Veto in Order to Expand Rental Vouchers".City Limits.Archivedfrom the original on July 13, 2023.RetrievedJuly 13,2023.
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  146. ^Adams, Eric (July 6, 2023)."Why I had to veto the Council's 4 housing bills: Mayor Eric Adams says there are better ways to help homeless New Yorkers get places to live".New York Daily News.Archivedfrom the original on July 6, 2023.RetrievedJuly 13,2023.
  147. ^"Correcting Mayor Adams' Op-Ed on His Decision to Veto New York City Council's Homelessness Bills".New York City Council.Archivedfrom the original on July 13, 2023.RetrievedJuly 13,2023.
  148. ^abMcDonough, Annie (July 13, 2023)."The City Council shot down Eric Adams' veto on housing vouchers. Now what?".City & State.Archivedfrom the original on July 13, 2023.RetrievedJuly 13,2023.
  149. ^abHarpaz, Beth (June 29, 2023)."NYC mayor compared 84-year-old Holocaust survivor to a 'plantation'-owner".The Forward.RetrievedJune 29,2023.
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  151. ^"Eric Adams Compares New Yorker Mad About Rising Rents to a Plantation Owner".hellgatenyc.com.June 29, 2023.RetrievedJune 30,2023.
  152. ^Rosoff, Henry (June 29, 2023)."Mayor Adams evokes race in heated exchange at town hall: 'Don't be disrespectful to me'".PIX11.RetrievedJune 30,2023.
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  154. ^Bahney, Jennifer Bowers (June 30, 2023)."'She Was Degrading': Eric Adams Stands By Racially-Charged Slam of 84-Year-Old Holocaust Survivor During Tense Q&A ".Mediaite.RetrievedJuly 2,2023.
  155. ^Alfaro, Mariana (November 23, 2023)."New York Mayor Eric Adams is accused of sexual assault".The Washington Post.
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  160. ^"City Council overrides mayor's vetoes on two law enforcement bills".January 30, 2024.
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  162. ^"NYC mayor says he 'will not succumb' to pressure to back ceasefire".The Forward.April 9, 2024.
  163. ^"NYC mayor's message to pro-Palestinian protesters: 'Bring the Hostages Home'".The Jerusalem Post.February 14, 2024.
  164. ^"Eric Adams Called Migrants 'Excellent Swimmers.' He Explains Why".The New York Times.May 15, 2024.
  165. ^"City Council Votes to Approve the City of Yes for Carbon Neutrality Zoning Text Amendment".City Land.December 7, 2023.
  166. ^"What Does the Mayor's 'City of Yes' Proposal Mean for New Yorkers?".The New York Times.June 6, 2024.
  167. ^"City of Yes Housing Proposal Picks Up New Support Ahead of Crucial Hearing".The City.July 10, 2024.
  168. ^"Map: How Did Community Boards Vote on 'City of Yes' Housing Plan".Streetsblog NYC.July 22, 2024.
  169. ^"NYC Charter Revision Commission proposals: explained".City & State NY.July 24, 2024.
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  171. ^"NYC Council Calls Mayor's Charter Revision Commission a Sham for Trying to Block Voters' Rights and Undermine Democracy with Rushed Changes to City's Constitution in Final Report".New York City Council.
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  195. ^"Brotha Vegan".Lantern Books.Archivedfrom the original on June 29, 2021.RetrievedJune 29,2021.
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