TheRussian Federation(earlySoviet Russia, RSFSR) is the historical heir but not legal successor of the Russian Empire, and the Russian Empire was not party to the Berne Convention (it was not country of Union for the protection of the rights of authors in their literary and artistic works), so according to article 5 of the Convention this workhas no country of originexcept:
in the case of cinematographic work the maker of which has his headquarters or his habitual residence in a country of the Union, the country of origin shall be that country,
in the case of of architecture erected in a country of the Union or other artistic works incorporated in a building or other structure located in a country of the Union, the country of origin shall be that country,
in the case of other works if the author is a national of a country of the Union¹, the country of origin shall be that country.
¹ - Author who is not a national of a country of the Union but who has his habitual residence in a country of the Union, be assimilated to national of that country.
The exclusive rights to this work do not extend on territory of the Russian Federation according to article 1256 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation (details), because this work does not meet the requirements on the territory of publication, on the author's nationality, and on obligations for international treaties.
This Swedish photograph is in thepublic domainin Sweden because one of the following applies:
The photograph does not reach the Swedish threshold of originality (common for snapshots and journalistic photos) and was created before 1 January 1974 (SFS 1960:729, § 49a).
The photograph was published anonymously before 1 January 1954 and the author did not reveal their identity during the following 70 years (SFS 1960:729, § 44).
For photos in the first category created before 1969, also{{PD-1996}}usually applies. For photos in the second category published before 1929, also{{PD-US-expired}}usually applies.
If the photographer died before 1954,{{PD-old-70}}should be used instead of this tag. If the author died before 1926, also{{PD-1996}}usually applies.
You must also include aUnited States public domain tagto indicate why this work is in the public domain in the United States. Note that a few countries have copyright terms longer than 70 years: Mexico has 100 years, Jamaica has 95 years, Colombia has 80 years, and Guatemala and Samoa have 75 years. This image maynotbe in the public domain in these countries, which moreover donotimplement therule of the shorter term.Honduras has a general copyright term of 75 years, but itdoesimplement the rule of the shorter term. Copyright may extend on works created by French who died for France inWorld War II(more information), Russians who served inthe Eastern Front of World War II(known as the Great Patriotic War in Russia) and posthumouslyrehabilitatedvictims of Soviet repressions (more information).
Captions
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{{Information |Description ={{en|1=Statue of Pyotr Stolypin that was standing in Kiev, Russian Empire (now Ukraine) in the 1910s.}} |Source =Postcard published by Granbergs Konstindustri Aktiebolags Förlag, Stockholm, Sweden |Author =G
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