Reel
 | This articleneeds additional citations forverification.(January 2012) |
Areelis a tool used to store elongated and flexible objects (e.g.yarns/cords,ribbons,cables,hoses,etc.) by wrapping the material around acylindricalcore known as aspool.Many reels also haveflanges(known as therims) around the ends of the spool to help retain the wrapped material and prevent unwanted slippage off the ends. In most cases, the reel spool is hollow in order to pass anaxleand allow it to spin like awheel,a winding process known asreeling,which can be done by manually turning the reel withhandlesorcranks,or bymachine-powered rotating via (typicallyelectric)motors.
Construction
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The size of the core is dependent on several factors. A smaller core will obviously allow more material to be stored in a given space. However, there is a limit to how tightly the stored material can be wound without damaging it and this limits how small the core can be.
Other issues affecting the core size include:
- Mechanical strength of the core (especially with big reels)
- Acceptable turning speed (for a given rate of material moving on or off the reel a smaller core will mean that an almost empty reel has to turn faster)
- any functional requirements of the core e.g.
- For a reel that must be mechanically turned the size of the grips that mount it on the mechanical turning device.
- The size of the mountings needed to support the core during unwinding.
- Anything mounted on the cores (e.g. the sockets on anextension reel)
With material such asphotographic filmthat is flat and long but is relatively wide, the material generally is stored in successive single layers. In cases where the material is more uniform in cross-section (for example, a cable), the material may be safely wound around a reel that is wider than its width. In this case, several windings are needed to create a layer on the reel.
Uses
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Examples of reel usage include:
- Hose reelsthat store and prevent kinking offire hosesorgarden hoses
- Bobbinsthat holdyarnsorthreadsforsewing machinesandweavers
- Retractabletape measures
- Fishing reelsthat store and pull infishing lineswhenangling
- Film reels that carryfilm stocks
- Manyaudio recordingsof the late 20th century (and some today) usereel-to-reel magnetic tape
- Kite linesare frequently operated from reels
- Specialized reels for holding tow line forhang glider,glider,andsailplanelaunching
- Laying ofcommunications cablesuse giant reels
- Winchesthat wind cables/chains forsailsoranchorsonships
- Windlassesthat are used to wind and pullropeor chains in order to lift weights on implements such as acrane,awellor adrawbridge
- Webbing barriers that allow mobile post positions collect tensionally excess webbing
- Tow truckshold steel cable on reels
- Rope,wireandelectrical cableis often supplied on reels
- Badge reelsare used to holdaccess badges,smart cardsand other externally tethered small items such askeysandclippers
- Acave divingreel is a safety equipment used for running adistance line[1]
Motion picture terminology
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It is traditional to discuss the length of theatricalmotion picturesin terms of "reels". The standard length of a35 mm filmreel is 1,000 feet (305 m), which runs approximately 11 minutes forsound film(24frames per second)[2]and about 15 minutes forsilent filmat the more or less standard speed of 18 frames per second.[3]Most films havevisible cues which mark the end of the reel.This allowsprojectionistsrunning reel-to-reel to change over to the next reel on the otherprojector.
A so-called "two-reeler" would have run about 15–24 minutes since the actual short film shipped to a movie theater for exhibition may have had slightly less (but rarely more) than 1,000 ft (305 m) on it. Most modern projectionists use the term "reel" when referring to a 2,000-foot (610 m) "two-reeler", as modern films are rarely shipped by single 1,000-foot (305 m) reels. A standard Hollywood movie averages about five 2,000-foot reels in length.
The "reel" was established as a standard measurement because of considerations in printing motion picture film at a film laboratory, for shipping (especially the film case sizes) and for the size of the physical film magazine attached to the motion picture projector. If it had not been standardized (at 1,000 ft or 305 m of 35 mm film), there would have been many difficulties in the manufacture of the related equipment. A 16 mm "reel" is 400 feet (122 m). It runs, at sound speed, approximately the same amount of time (11–12 minutes) as a 1,000-foot (305 m) 35 mm reel.
A "split reel" is a motion picture film reel in two halves that, when assembled, hold a specific length of motion picture film that has been wound on a plastic core. Using a split reel allows film to be shipped or handled in a lighter and smaller form than film would on a "fixed" reel. In thesilent era,the term was used to describe a single reel that accommodated two or more individual titles.
Asdigital cinemacatches on, the physical reel is being replaced by a virtual format calledDigital Cinema Package,which can be distributed using any storage medium (such as hard drives) or data transfer medium (such as the internet or satellite links) and projected using adigital projectorinstead of aconventional movie projector.
Anewsreelis a short documentary film.
Ashowreelor demo reel is a short film showcasing a person's or organization's previous work.
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^Devos, Fred; Le Maillot, Chris; Riordan, Daniel (2004)."Introduction to Guideline Procedures Part 1: Equipment"(PDF).DIRquest.5(3).Global Underwater Explorers.Archived(PDF)from the original on 2021-06-09.Retrieved2009-04-05.
- ^"Journal of the Society of Motion Picture Engineers, Volume 26. Ed. Society of Motion Picture Engineers, 1936. P. 93".Archivedfrom the original on 2023-07-01.Retrieved2023-03-14.
- ^Kawin, Bruce F. (1987).How Movies Work.University of California Press.p.46.ISBN9780520076969.
External links
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Media related toReelsat Wikimedia Commons
