Fluvisol

Afluvisolin theWorld Reference Base for Soil Resources(WRB)^[1]is a genetically young soil inalluvial deposits.Apart from river sediments, they also occur inlacustrineandmarinedeposits.^[2] Fluvisols correlate withfluventsandfluvaquentsof theUSDA soil taxonomy.The good natural fertility of most fluvisols and their attractive dwelling sites on river levees and higher parts in marine landscapes were recognized in prehistoric times.

Fluvisols are found on alluvial plains, river fans, valleys and tidal marshes on all continents and in all climate zones. Under natural conditions periodical flooding is fairly common. The soils have a clear evidence of stratification.Soil horizonsare weakly developed, but a distincttopsoilhorizon (but no mollic or umbric horizon) may be present.

Many dryland crops are grown on fluvisols, normally with some form of water control. On tropical Fluvisols with satisfactory irrigation and drainage paddy rice cultivation is widespread.

Some coastal lowlands have fluvisols with sulphidic material within the profile (a thionic horizon). Theseacid sulfate soilshave severe constraints foragriculturaluse as low pH-values, toxicaluminiumlevels and high concentrations ofsalts.Tidal lands that are strongly saline are best kept under mangroves or some other salt-vegetation.

Major concentrations of fluvisols are found along rivers and lakes, e.g. in theAmazon Basin,theGanges Plainof India, the plains nearLake ChadinCentral Africa,and the marshlands ofBrazil,Paraguayand northernArgentina.Also in deltaic areas, e.g. the deltas of theGanges–Brahmaputra,Indus,Mekong,Mississippi,Nile,Niger,Orinoco,Po,Rhine,Rio de la Plata,andZambezi.Furthermore in areas of recent marine deposits, e.g. the coastallowlandsofSumatra,Kalimantan,Irian JayaandPapua New Guinea.

Acid sulfate soils are found in the coastal lowlands ofSoutheast Asia,West Africaand along the northeast coast of South America (French Guiana,Guyana,SurinameandVenezuela).

References

^IUSS Working Group WRB (2022)."World Reference Base for Soil Resources, fourth edition"(PDF).International Union of Soil Sciences, Vienna.
^Major Soils of the World. ISRIC Wageningen, The Netherlands, 2001

External links

profile photos (with classification)WRB homepage
profile photos (with classification)IUSS World of Soils

[1] IUSS Working Group WRB (2022)."World Reference Base for Soil Resources, fourth edition"(PDF).International Union of Soil Sciences, Vienna.

[ISR-2] Major Soils of the World. ISRIC Wageningen, The Netherlands, 2001

[1]

[2]

v t e Soil classification
World Reference Base for Soil Resources(1998–)	Acrisols Alisols Andosols Anthrosols Arenosols Calcisols Cambisols Chernozem Cryosols Durisols Ferralsols Fluvisols Gleysols Gypsisols Histosol Kastanozems Leptosols Lixisols Luvisols Nitisols Phaeozems Planosols Plinthosols Podzols Regosols Retisols Solonchaks Solonetz Stagnosol Technosols Umbrisols Vertisols
USDA soil taxonomy	Alfisols Andisols Aridisols Entisols Gelisols Histosols Inceptisols Mollisols Oxisols Spodosols Ultisols Vertisols
Other systems	FAO soil classification(1974–1998) Unified Soil Classification System AASHTO Soil Classification System Référentiel pédologique(French classification system) Canadian system of soil classification Australian Soil Classification Polish Soil Classification 1938 USDA soil taxonomy List of U.S. state soils List of vineyard soil types
Non-systematic soil types	Sand Silt Clay Loam Topsoil Subsoil Soil crust Claypan Hardpan Gypcrust Caliche Parent material Pedosphere Laimosphere Rhizosphere Bulk soil Alkali soil Bay mud Blue goo Brickearth Brown earth Calcareous grassland Dark earth Dry quicksand Duplex soil Eluvium Expansive clay Fill dirt Fuller's earth Hydrophobic soil Loess Lunar soil Martian soil Mud Muskeg Paleosol Peat Prime farmland Quicksand Serpentine soil Spodic soil Stagnogley Subaqueous soil Takir Terra preta Terra rossa Tropical peat Yedoma
Types of soil

Fluvisol

See also

References

Further reading

External links