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Ford Capri

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This article is about the European Ford Capri built between 1968 and 1986. For the Australian car, seeFord Capri (Australia).For other uses, seeFord Capri (disambiguation).
For other uses, seeCapri (disambiguation).

Ford Capri
1978 Ford Capri Mk3 2.0L
Overview
ManufacturerFord Europe
ProductionNovember 1968 – December 1986
DesignerPhilip T. Clark
Body and chassis
ClassMid-sizecoupé
RelatedFord Cortina
Ford Taunus TC
Chronology
SuccessorFord Probe
Ford Puma

TheFord Capriis afastbackcoupébuilt byFord of Europe,designed byPhilip T. Clark,who was also involved in the design of theFord Mustang.[1]It used the mechanical components from the Mk2Ford Cortinaand was intended as the European equivalent of the Ford Mustang. The Capri went on to be highly successful for Ford, selling nearly 1.9 million units in its lifetime. A wide variety of engines were used in the car throughout its production lifespan, which included theEssexandCologneV6at the top of the range, while theKentstraight-fourandTaunusV4 engineswere used in lower-specification models. Although the Capri was not officially replaced, thesecond-generation Probewas effectively its replacement after the later car's introduction to the European market in 1994.

History

[edit]

Ford Capri Mk I (1969–1974)

[edit]
Ford Capri Mk I
1969 Ford Capri 2.0 "Mark 1"
Overview
ManufacturerFord of Europe
Also calledMercury Capri
ProductionNovember 1968 – December 1973
Assembly
Body and chassis
ClassMid-sizesports car
Body styleFastbackcoupé
LayoutFR layout
RelatedFord Cortina Mk II
Powertrain
Engine
Transmission4-speedmanualall-synchromesh[4]
Dimensions
Wheelbase100.8 in (2,560 mm)[4]
Length168.5 in (4,280 mm)[4]
Width64.8 in (1,646 mm)[4]
Height50.7 in (1,288 mm)[4]
Curb weight
  • 2,053 lb (931 kg)[4]
  • 2,522 lb (1,144 kg) 3000GXL
Chronology
SuccessorFord Capri Mk II

Production of the Capri began in November 1968.[5][6]It was unveiled in January 1969 at theBrussels Motor Show,with sales starting the following month. The intention was to reproduce in Europe the success Ford had had with the North AmericanFord Mustangby producing a Europeanpony car.

It was mechanically based on theCortinaand built in Europe at theHalewoodplant in the United Kingdom, theGenkplant in Belgium, and theSaarlouisandCologneplants in Germany. The car was namedColtduring its development stage, but Ford was unable to use the name, which had already been trademarked by Mitsubishi (and used since 1962 on itsColt).

The name Capri comes fromthe Italian islandand this was the second time Ford had used the name, the previous model being theFord Consul Capri,often just known as the Capri in the same way the Ford Consul Cortina and Ford Consul Classic rarely used the "Consul" in everyday use (the Ford Consul Cortina was officially renamed Ford Cortina in 1964).

Ford wanted the flashyfastbackcoupé to be affordable for a broad spectrum of potential buyers, which it made possible in part by making it available in a variety of engines. The British and German factories produced different Capri Mk I line-ups, with the continental model using theFord Taunus V4 enginein 1.3, 1.5 and 1.7 Lengine displacements,and British theFord Kentstraight-four in 1.3 and 1.6 L form. TheFord Essex V4 engine2.0 L (British built) andCologne V62.0 L (German built) served as initial range-toppers. At the end of the year, new sports versions were added: the 2300 GT in Germany, using a double-barrelcarburettorwith 125 PS (92 kW), and in September 1969[7]the 3000 GT in the UK, with theEssex V6,capable of 138 hp (103 kW).

Under the new body, the running gear was very similar to the1966 Cortina.The rear suspension employed a live axle supported on leaf springs with short radius rods.[7]MacPherson strutswere featured at the front in combination with rack and pinion steering (sourced from the Ford Escort) which employed a steering column that would collapse in response to a collision.[7]

The initial reception of the car was broadly favourable. The range continued to be broadened, with another 3.0 variant, the Capri 3000E introduced from the British plant in March 1970, offering "more luxurious interior trim".[7]

Ford began selling the Capri in theAustralianmarket in May 1969[8]and in April 1970 it was released in the North American and South African markets. The South African Models initially used the Kent 1.6 engine and the V4 2.0 version of the Essex, although aPintostraight-four 2.0 L replaced it in some markets in 1971. An exception, though, was the Perana manufactured byBasil Green Motorsnear Johannesburg, which was powered first by a 3.0 Essex engine and then by a 302ci V8Ford Windsor engineafter Ford South Africa began offering 3.0 Essex-engined options.[9]All North American versions featured the "power dome" hood and four round 53⁄4"U.S.-spec headlights. They carried no" Ford "badging, as the Capri was only sold by Lincoln-Mercury dealers (with the Mercury division handling sales) and promoted to U.S. drivers as" the sexy European ".

Rear (Pre-facelift)
"Mark I" Interior
Hans Heyer 1973 with Ford Capri at theNürburgring

The Capri was sold in Japan with both the 1.6 L and 2.0 L engines in GT trim. Sales were handled in Japan by Kintetsu Motors, then an exclusive importer of Ford products to Japan. The 2.0 litre engine required Japanese owners to pay more annualroad taxin comparison to the 1.6 litre engine, which affected sales.

A new 2637 cc version of the Cologne V6 engine assembled byWeslakeand featuring their special all alloy cylinder heads appeared in September 1971, powering the Capri RS2600. This model used Kugelfischerfuel injectionto raise power to 150 PS (110 kW) and was the basis for theGroup 2RS2600 used in theEuropean Touring Car Championship.The RS2600 also received modified suspension, aclose ratiogearbox, lightened bodywork panels, ventilated disc brakes and aluminium wheels. It could hit 100 km/h from a standstill in 7.7 seconds.[10]The 2.6 L engine was detuned in September for the deluxe version 2600 GT, with 2550 cc and a double-barrelSolexcarburettor. Germany's Dieter Glemser won the drivers' title in the 1971 European Touring Car Championship at the wheel of a Ford Köln entered RS2600 and fellow German Jochen Mass did likewise in 1972.

The first Ford Special, was the Capri Vista Orange Special. The Capri Special was launched in November 1971 and was based on the 1600 GT, and 2000 GT models. It was only available in vista orange and was optional dealer fitted with a Ford Rally Sport boot mounted spoiler and rear window slats – a direct link to the Mustang. The Special also had some additional standard extras such as a push-button radio, fabric seat upholstery, inertia reel seat belts, heated rear screen and black vinyl roof.[11]There were only 1200 Vista Orange Capri Specials made. One of the last limited editions of the original Mk I, was a version that came in either metallic green or black with red interior and featured some additional extras, such as cloth inserts in the seats, hazard lights, map reading light, opening rear windows, vinyl roof and for the first time a bonnet bulge was fitted to the sub-3.0-litre models. This special edition was only available with a 1.6 or 2.0 engines and had the full title of GTXLR Special.

Mk I facelift

[edit]

The Capri proved highly successful, with 400,000 cars sold in its first two years. Ford revised it in late 1971. It received new and more comfortable suspension, enlarged tail-lights (replacing the one sourced from the Escort Mk1) and new seats. Larger headlamps with separate indicators were also fitted,[12]with quad headlamps now featured on the 3000GXL model.[13]The Kent engines were replaced by theFord Pinto engineand the previously UK-only 3000 GT joined the German line-up. In the UK the 2.0 L V4 remained in use.

In addition, North American versions received larger rubber-covered bumpers (to comply with US DOT regulations) for 1973.

In 1973, the Capri saw the highest sales total it would ever attain, at 233,000 vehicles: the 1,000,000th Capri, an RS 2600, was completed on 29 August.[14]

On 25 September 1973, Ford gave the green light to the long-awaited RHD RS Capri, replacing theCologne V6 based RS 2600with theEssex V6based RS 3100, with the usual 3.0 L Essex V6'sdisplacementincreased to 3,098 cc (3.1 L; 189.1 cu in) byboringthecylindersfrom the 93.6 mm (3.69 in) of the 3.0 L to 95.25 mm (3.75 in).[15]Unlike its predecessor, it used the same double-barrel 38-DGASWeber carburetor[16]as the standard 3.0 L, and reached the same 150 PS (148 bhp; 110 kW) at 5000 rpm as the RS 2600 and 254 N⋅m (187 lb⋅ft) at 3000 rpm oftorque.[16]The RS 3100's ride height was one inch lower than other Capris, and also featured other unique modifications such as goldpinstriping,a ducktail rearspoiler,a re-drilled crossmember to move the suspension arms outward to provide negative camber which also made it necessary to have special wider flared front wings, heavy dutyspringswithBilsteingasdampersat the front and rear, competition single rearleaf springs,specialbumprubbers and spacer blocks, a small front air dam and larger 9.75 inch frontventilated disc brakes.These modifications made the RS 3100 very stable at high speeds but several reviews also complained about its rough ride.[17][18]Only 250 RS3100s were built forhomologationpurposes between November 1973 and December 1973 so its racing version could be eligible for competition in the over three-litreGroup 2class for the 1974 season[19]However, the car was still competitive intouring car racing,and Ford Motorsport produced a 100-model limited edition with this new engine. TheGroup 2RS3100's engine was tuned byCosworthinto the GAA, with 3,412 cc (3.4 L; 208.2 cu in),fuel injection,DOHC,4 valvesper cylinder and 435 hp (324 kW) in racing trim.[20]The car also featured improved aerodynamics. Besides the racing RS3100, the GAA engine was also used in theFormula 5000racing category.

  • 1973 Ford Capri
    1973 Ford Capri
  • 1974 Ford Capri 3000 GXL
    1974 Ford Capri 3000 GXL
  • 1974 Ford Capri RS 3100
    1974 Ford Capri RS 3100
  • 1973 Mercury Capri 2600 (USA spec)
    1973 Mercury Capri 2600 (USA spec)

Ford Capri Mk II – 'Capri II' (1974–1978)

[edit]
Ford Capri Mk II
1977 Capri II 3000 Ghia
Overview
ManufacturerFord of Europe
Also calledMercury Capri
Production1974–1978
Assembly
Body and chassis
ClassMid-sizesports car
Body styleHatchbackcoupé
LayoutFR layout
Powertrain
Engine1.3 LCrossflowI4
1.6 LCrossflowI4
1.6 LPinto TL16I4
2.0 LCologneV6
2.0 LPinto TL20I4
2.3 LCologneV6
3.0 LEssexV6
Transmission4-speedmanual
3-speedautomatic
Dimensions
Wheelbase100.7 in (2,559 mm)
Length166.9–169.8 in (4,240–4,313 mm)
Width66.9 in (1,698 mm)
Height53.4 in (1,357 mm)
Curb weight2,149.5–2,513.3 lb (975–1,140 kg)
Chronology
PredecessorFord Capri Mk I
SuccessorFord Capri Mk III

On 25 February 1974,[21]the Capri II was introduced. After 1.2 million cars sold, and with the1973 oil crisis,Ford chose to make the new car more suited to everyday driving with a shorter bonnet, larger cabin and the adoption of ahatchbackrear door (accessing a 630-litre boot). This made it the first Ford to feature a hatchback, at a time when the hatchback was becoming increasingly popular inEuropeafter first being patented byRenaultin the mid-1960s. By the standards of the mid-1970s, the Capri II was a very well evolved vehicle with very few reliability issues. For Germany the Capri now offered 1.3-litre (55 PS (40 kW)), 1.6-litre (72 PS (53 kW)), 1.6-litre GT (88 PS (65 kW)), or 2.0-litre (99 PS (73 kW))in-line four-cylinderengines, complemented by a 2.3-litre V6 (108 PS (79 kW)) and the UK sourced 3.0-litre V6 with (140 PS (103 kW)), available with either a four-speed Ford Type 5 manual transmission or one of Ford's new C3 three-speed automatic transmissions available on all models except the 1.3, the C3 automatic transmission proved to be a very popular option among Ghia buyers, therefore it became standard on all Ghia models after the 1976 model year and the four-speed manual transmission became optional.[22][23]

Although it was mechanically similar to the Mark I, the Capri II had a revised, larger body and a more modern dashboard and a smaller steering wheel. The 2.0 L version of the Pinto engine was introduced in the European model and was placed below the 2.3 litre V6 and the 3.0 litre V6. The Capri still maintained the large rectangular headlights, which became the easiest way to distinguish between a Mark II and a Mark III. Larger front disc brakes, a standardalternatorand a front air-dam on all S models finished the list of modifications.[24]

Ford introduced theJohn Player Speciallimited edition, (known as the JPS) in March 1975. Available only in black or white, the JPS featured yards of gold pinstriping to mimic the Formula 1 livery, gold-coloured wheels, and a bespoke upgraded interior of beige cloth and carpet trimmed with black. In May 1976, and with sales decreasing, the intermediate 3.0 GT models disappeared to give way for the upscale 3.0 S and Ghia designations. In October 1976, the only UK plant producing Capris, Ford'sHalewoodplant stopped production, and all production of the Capri was moved to theColognefactory in Germany.[25]

The last year that Capris were made for the US market was 1977, with 513,500 cars sold in the year.

  • Rear
    Rear
  • The MkII is easily identified by the two large rectangular Hella H4 headlamps.
    The MkII is easily identified by the two large rectangular Hella H4 headlamps.

Engines

[edit]

Ford Capri Mk III (1978–1986)

[edit]
Ford Capri Mk III
1978 Ford Capri S 3.0
Overview
ManufacturerFord of Europe
ProductionMarch 1978 – December 1986
AssemblyGermany:Cologne
Body and chassis
ClassMid-sizesports car
Body styleHatchbackcoupé
LayoutFR layout
Powertrain
Engine
Transmission4-speedmanual
5-speed manual
3-speedautomatic
Dimensions
Wheelbase101 in (2,565 mm)
Length167.8 in (4,262 mm)
Width67 in (1,702 mm)
Height51 in (1,295 mm)
Curb weight2,227 lb (1,010 kg) 1.3L
2,293 lb (1,040 kg) 1.6S
2,273 lb (1,031 kg) 2.0S
2,620 lb (1,188 kg) 2.8i
2,688 lb (1,219 kg) 3.0S
Chronology
PredecessorFord Capri Mk II

The Capri Mk III was referred to internally as "Project Carla", and although little more than an update of the Capri II, it was often referred to as the Mk III.[46]The first cars were available in March 1978, and sold very well initially. The concept of a heavily facelifted Capri II was shown at the 1976 Geneva show: a Capri II with a front very similar to the Escort RS2000 (with four headlamps and black slatted grille), and with a rearspoiler,essentially previewed the model some time before launch. The new styling cues, most notably the black "Aeroflow" grille (first used on theMk I Fiesta) and the "sawtooth" rear lamp lenses echoed the new design language being introduced at that time by Ford of Europe's chief stylistUwe Bahnsenacross the entire range. Similar styling elements were subsequently introduced in the 1979 Cortina 80, 1980 Escort Mk III and the 1981 Granada Mk IIb. In addition, the Mk III featured improved aerodynamics, leading to improved performance and economy over the Mk II.[47]The trademark quad headlamps were introduced, while the bonnet's leading edge was pulled down over the top of the headlamps, making the appearance more aggressive.[46]

At launch the existing engine and transmission combinations of the Capri II were carried over, with the 3.0 S model regarded as the most desirable model although in Britain the softer, more luxurious Ghia derivative with automatic, rather than manual transmission, was the bigger seller of the two V6-engined models. In Germany, the "S" models were by far the most popular equipment level (across all engines), representing 63 percent of Capri sales there.[48]

Ford began to focus their attention on the UK Capri market as sales declined elsewhere, realising the car had something of a cult following there. Unlike sales of the contemporary four-doorCortina,Capri sales in Britain were mostly to private buyers who would demand fewer discounts than fleet buyers, allowing for higher margins on the coupé. Ford tried to maintain interest in 1977 withFord Rallye Sport,Series X, "X Pack" options from the performance oriented RS parts range. Although expensive and slow selling these proved that the press would enthusiastically cover more developed Capris with higher performance.

However, the rise in popularity of "hot hatchbacks" and sports saloons during the early 1980s saw demand for affordable sports car fall throughoutEurope.Between 1980 and 1983, Ford launched theFiesta XR2,Escort XR3/XR3iandSierra XR4i.All of these sold well, while their introduction onto the market saw a decline in Capri sales even in the UK. Several of its competitors had already been discontinued without a direct replacement, most notablyBritish Leyland'sMG Bwhich was not directly replaced when theAbingdonfactory which produced it was closed in 1980.Vauxhallhad launched coupe versions of its MK1Cavalierin 1978 but when the MK2 Cavalier was launched in 1981 there were no new coupe versions.Renaultdid not replace itsFuegocoupe which was discontinued in 1986.

In addition to being the most popular sporting model in Britain for most of its production life, the third generation Capri was also one of the most stolen cars in Britain during the 1980s and early 1990s, being classified as "high risk" of theft in aHome Officereport.[49]

The 3.0 S was used extensively in the TV seriesThe Professionalsin the early 1980s, with characters Bodie driving a silver 3.0 S and Doyle a gold 3.0 S.[citation needed]

On 30 November 1984 production of Capris for the European market ceased, from then on it would only be produced in right-hand drive form for the British market. Ford had decided not to launch a direct successor to the Capri, as it did not feel that demand for affordable coupes in Europe was sufficient enough for a new Capri to be developed. Ford was, however, enjoying success with high performance versions of the Fiesta, Escort and Sierra, which appealed mostly to buyers who might have been expected to buy a Capri before 1980.

Ford made a return to the coupe market in Europe when theAmerican builtProbewas made available to European buyers from 1994. This car was less successful, and was withdrawn after just three years. Its successor, theCougar,was also built in the States but was only imported to Europe for two years after its 1998 launch. The smallerPuma,produced from 1997 to 2002, was more successful, but Ford did not replace it directly, instead launching faster versions of theFiestaandFocushatchbacks soon after the Puma's demise. The Puma was the last coupe that Ford has produced for the European market until the American built Mustang was introduced in both right and left hand drive and sold in both Europe and the UK.

2.8 Injection models

[edit]

For the 1982 model year, the Essex 3.0 V6 powerplant which had been the range topper since September 1969 was dropped, mainly because of ever more strict emissions regulations, that Ford knew the old Essex V6 design could not meet, a new sporty version debuted at theGeneva Motor Show,called the 2.8 Injection. The new model was the first regular model since the RS2600 to use fuel injection. Power rose to a claimed 160 PS (118 kW), even though tests showed the real figure was closer to 150 PS (110 kW), giving a top speed of 210 km/h (130 mph), but the car still had a standard four-speed gearbox. The Capri 2.8 Injection breathed new life into the range and kept the car in production 2–3 years longer than Ford had planned. The four-speed gearbox was replaced with a five-speed unit early on – at the same time Ford swapped the dated looking chequered seats for more luxurious looking velour trim. A more substantial upgrade was introduced in 1984 with the Capri Injection Special. This development used half leather seating and included alimited slip differential.Externally the car could be easily distinguished by seven spoke RS wheels (without the customary "RS" logo since this was not an RS vehicle) and colour-coded grille and headlamp surrounds. At the same time the 2.0 Capri was rationalised to one model, the 2.0 S, which simultaneously adopted a mildly modified suspension from the Capri Injection. The 1.6 model was also reduced to a single model, the 1.6 LS.

By the 1986 model year - the Capri's final year on sale - the range had been rationalised even further to just the 1.6 Laser, 2.0 Laser and the 2.8 Injection.

Series X & GP1

[edit]

The Mark II and Mark III 3.0 litre X-pack special performance options pack for the Capri were offered between 1977 and 1980. They used a special glassfibre wide bodykit made by Fibresports, larger ventilated front disc brakes (retaining the standard drums at the rear), Bilstein gas-filled rear dampers and front struts (used with single rear leaf springs), an "anti-dive kit", a Salisbury limited slip differential (LSD) and a choice of two performance upgrades for Essex V6 3.0 L engines. The first upgrade, called the GP1 or Group 1 pack, bumped power up to 170 hp (127 kW). This engine included larger valves, ported cylinder heads and a Weber 40 DFI5 carburetor and other optional performance upgrades. The second option, referred to as Series X or X Pack, offered 185 hp (138 kW) and 195 lb/ft of torque, thanks to three Weber 42 DCNF two-barrel carburetors fed by an electric fuel pump, the same ported cylinder heads and larger inlet and exhaust valves as the GP1. It used special head gaskets even though the standard compression ratio of 9.0:1 and standard camshaft were retained. The X Pack was also equipped with a wing as standard and it featured unique 7.5 x 13 inch wheels, for which a special bodykit was made. The X Pack included a free flowing performance exhaust system with distinctive flattened rear ends. The X Pack Capri could reach 60 mph from standing in 7.4 seconds, a full second faster than the standard 3.0-litre Capri, and had a top speed of 130 mph. These upgrades could only be bought through and fitted by one of the 80 Ford RS Motorsport dealerships in the UK, or a complete new car could be ordered factory equipped through a Ford Motorsport dealer. It is estimated that little over 100 conversions were made.

The X Pack was also available in mainland Europe between 1979 and 1980 where it was marketed as the 3.0 RS even though it's wasn't ever an official RS like the 2600 or 3100. All were white with blue stripes and used standard 3.0 Engines, Only 100 of these were ever made, and 1980 was the last year for both the German RS and British X Pack. The next year the 3.0 engine option disappeared completely to give way for the new 2.8 Injection models.[50][51][52][53][54][55]

2.8 Turbo

[edit]

From July 1981 to September 1982, German RS dealers marketed a limited edition, Zakspeed inspired, left-hand drive only, 'Werksturbo' model capable of 220 km/h (137 mph).[56]Based on the 3.0 S, this derivative featured widened Series X bodywork, front and rear 'Ford Motorsport' badged spoilers, deep 7.5j four-spoked RS alloy wheels fitted with Pirelli P7 235/60VR13 tyres and an RS badged engine. The engine was based on a normally aspirated carburetor equipped 2.8-litre Cologne V6,Ford Granada (Europe)engine using electronic ignition, aTufftridedcrankshaft, heavy duty head gaskets and oil pump, an oil cooler and a single Garrett T4 turbocharger providing 5.4 psi of boost, a limited slip differential, Bilstein dampers all around, an anti dive kit, uprated RS anti roll bars and single rear leaf springs, the engine put out 188 Hp at 5500 rpm. Figures of around 200 produced examples are common, but numbered transmission tunnels possibly indicate 155 conversions were made.[57][58][59]

Tickford Turbo

[edit]

TheTickfordCapri used a turbocharged 2.8 Injection Cologne engine which developed 205 hp (153 kW), allowing it to reach 60 miles per hour in 6.7 seconds and 100 miles per hour in 18.5 seconds, topping out at 137 miles per hour.[60][full citation needed]This version also featured a luxury interior with optional full leather retrim andWiltoncarpeting and headlining,[61]large rear spoiler, colour-coded front grille, deeper bumpers and 'one off' bodykit designed by Simon Saunders, later of KAT Designs and now designer of theAriel Atom.

Reardisc brakeswere standard on the Tickford, which featured numerous other suspension modifications. This model was essentially rebuilt by hand by Tickford at approximately 200 hours per car. It sold only 80 units. One problem was the relative price difference to the standard Capri Injection, with the Tickford version costing twice as much.[61]

What is thought to be the last Capri registered in the UK is a white Tickford registered on 11 September 1991 with the registration number J4AJA.[62]

Turbo Technics conversions

[edit]

Independent tunerTurbo Technicsalso released a turbocharged 200 hp (149 kW) and 230 hp (172 kW) evolution which came supplied with a specially built gearbox. The Tickford Capri pricing issues meant that Ford also sanctioned the Turbo Technics conversion as semi-official, although only the German RS and British Tickford ever appeared in Ford literature as official Ford products.

Capri Laser

[edit]
1985 Ford Capri Laser 2.0

From November 1984 onwards, the Capri was sold only in Britain, with only right hand drive cars being made from this date. The normally aspirated 1.6 and 2.0 variants were rebranded with a new trim level – "Lasers" – which featured a fully populated instrument pod, leathergear lever,leather steering wheel, four-spoke alloy wheels as used on the S models, an electric aerial and colour-coded grille and mirrors.

The very last Laser Capri came off the line in November 1986, painted in a unique "Mercury Grey" colour. This car was registered on 8 May 1987 in Sussex and is to be found in a collection of classic cars in Gillingham, Kent.

Capri 280

[edit]

The last run limited edition Capri 280, nicknamed "Brooklands" referring to the name of the particular shade of green that all Capri 280 models were painted in, featured alimited slip differential,full leatherRecarointerior and Pirelli Cinturato P7 tyres, 15 inch versions of the seven spoke 13 inch wheels fitted to the superseded Capri Injection Special. Ford originally intended to make 500 turbo charged vehicles (by Turbo Technics) complete with gold alloy wheels and name it the Capri 500 but a change of production planning meant a name change to Capri 280 as the cars were simply the last models that ran down the production line. A total of 1,038 Capri 280s were built. There was no direct successor to the Capri, as Ford felt that there was not adequate demand for a car of this type in Europe to justify a direct replacement; Capri sales had been declining since 1980, with faster versions of more practical hatchbacks and saloons becoming popular at the expense of sports cars.British Leyland,for instance, had taken the decision not to replace itsMGandTriumphsports cars on their demise at the beginning of the 1980s due to falling popularity, instead concentrating on mostly MG-badged versions of hatchbacks and saloons like theMetroandMontego,while Ford had enjoyed strong sales of its faster versions of theFiesta,EscortandSierrain the run-up to the Capri's demise.

When the last Capri was made on 19 December 1986 at the Ford factory in Cologne, 1,886,647 Capris had rolled off the production lines.

The last Capri made (registered as D194 UVW) still exists today, and is owned by Ford's heritage workshop. The "Brooklands" models had a steep price tag of around £12,000 and struggled to sell. Sales continued through 1987 and 1988, with the last 280 being registered on 20 November 1989 (registration mark G749 NGP) making it also the only G-reg Capri, and the next-to-last Capri to have been registered – though it is estimated that there are 3 Capri 280s that have never been registered, one of them being a 230 HP Turbo Technics conversion, and two standard cars.[63]Production had ended at Halewood, UK in 1976 and the Capri was made exclusively in Germany from 1976 to 1986. Most of those (more than a million) were the Mk I, because the Mk I sold well in North America and Australia, while the Mk II and Mk III were only exported outside Europe (to Asia and New Zealand) in limited numbers.[64][65]

Engines

[edit]
1987 Ford Capri Mk III 280
1985 Ford Capri 2.8i

Police use

[edit]
A privately restoredGreater Manchester PoliceMk.III 2.8 Injection Ford Capri

Throughout its production run, Ford Capris were operated by thetraffic divisionsof some police forces in the United Kingdom. A fleet of Mk.I 3000 GT Capris were first introduced to theLancashire Constabularyin 1971, with further examples entering service with police forces inMerseyside,Sussex,theRoyal Ulster Constabularyin Northern Ireland andStrathclyde Policein Scotland.[94]Most notably, Ford Capris were operated extensively in the traffic division ofGreater Manchester Police,as well as its predecessorManchester and Salford Police.High-performance Capris were delivered to the force from 1971 until 1986, when a final fleet of Mk.III 2.8 Injection Capris were delivered.[94]Greater Manchester Police would eventually retire their last Mk.III 2.8i Capri in 1992, which would be replaced by aFord Sierra Sapphire Cosworth.[95][96]Mk.1 Ford Capris 2300 GTs were also operated byAutobahnpolizeiin the state ofNorth Rhine-Westphaliain Germany, with four entering service inHildenin 1969.[97][98]

Outside Europe

[edit]

North America

[edit]

Capri

[edit]
See also:Mercury Capri
1973 Capri 2600

From 1970 to 1978, the Capri was sold in North America through Ford'sLincoln-MercuryDivision. All were German-produced. Headlamps were four round sealed-beams (shared with the Capri RS3000), and turn signal lamps were grille-mounted on all US-spec 1971–74 Capris and 1976–78 Capri IIs. Full instrumentation wasn't available on 1971–72 four-cylinder models but was made standard equipment from 1973 on. An optional interior decor package, changed by name to the "Ghia" package for the Capri II, featured deluxe interior trim and features. 1973 Ford Capris were the Mk I face-lift models featuring the new grille, larger taillights and new interior and dash. The 1973 model had the federally mandated 2.5 mph front bumper for '73. The bumper was extended, the gap closed with a silver filler panel. 1974 models had larger bumpers front and rear with wraparoundurethane,body-color bumper covers to meet the revised Federal front and rear 5 mph standard. 1976–78 models were the re-designed hatchback models offered worldwide since 1974, fitted with the grille-mounted turn signal lamps and the required round sealed-beam headlamps, 5 mph body-color bumpers andcatalytic converter,requiring no-lead fuel. In 1976, an 'S' (JPS) special edition featured black or white paint with gold-coloured wheels, gold pin-striping, and upgraded two-tone interior in beige and black. Due to late production of Capri IIs, there were no 1975 models sold in the US (Lincoln-Mercury dealerships had an inventory of leftover 1974 models during the 1975 model year as seen on TV advertisements). Unlike the European market where the Capri was available in several trim levels and marketed as the equivalent of a Grand Touring automobile, the US/Canada market Capris were marketed as an compact sports car.

1974 Capri 2800, with bigger safety bumpers

Originally, Cologne-built Capris imported to North America were fitted only with the British 1600OHV(1.6 L), 64 hp (48 kW)Kentengine with the four-speed manual transmission. The 1971 Capri offered the Kent-built 1600 I4 and the optional, Cologne-builtOHC2000 (2.0 L) I4 engine for improved performance with 101 hp (75 kW). An optional three-speed automatic transmission (a Ford Cruise-o-Matic C4, also shared with the Pinto) was made available with the 2000 I4 engine. In 1972–73, the 2000 I4 became the standard engine, and an OHV 2600 (2.6 L) Cologne V6 was optional, which produced 120 hp (89 kW). The 1600 I4 was dropped. For 1974, new engines were used—the OHC 2300 (2.3 L) I4 and OHV 2800 (2.8 L) Cologne V6; producing 88 hp (66 kW) and 105 hp (78 kW) respectively.[99]The engines were carried over for the 1976–77 Capri llhatchbackmodels, although the V6's power had crept up to 109 hp (81 kW) at 4,800 rpm.[100]The last Capris were brought in 1977 although sales continued into 1978. Capri sales had slid considerably by the time of the introduction of the Capri II, and the high price contributed to ending sales of German-built Capris in the US.[100]

  • 1983 Mercury Capri RS
    1983 Mercury Capri RS

In 1979, no longer importing the Ford Capri, but capitalising on the model's positive image, Mercury dealers began selling a new Capri that was a restyled derivative of theFox-bodiedFord Mustangand was produced until 1986. Mercury introduced yet anotherCapriin 1990, but this was the Australian produced, Mazda-based, 2+2 seat, front-wheel drive convertible.

Australia

[edit]

Mk I (1969–1972)

[edit]

TheFord Motor Company of Australiaassembled the European-designed Capri Mk.1 at its plant in the Sydney suburb of Homebush from March, 1969 until November, 1972. The Capri was offered in the Australian market from 3 May 1969, as the 1600 Deluxe and the 1600 GT, using the 1.6-litreKentOHV engine. On 25 February 1970, the 3000 GT was launched, equipped with the 3.0-litreEssex V6.At the same time the 1600 GT became the 1600 XL, while the 1600 Deluxe remained unchanged.


In November 1972, production of the Capri ended in Australia, with a total of 14,638 vehicles having been assembled. In June/July, 1974, Ford Australia imported fifty RS3100 models. Ford Australia also imported four examples of the Capri II (Mk.2), albeit for show purposes only. Neither the Mk.1 facelift (except the RS3100) Capri nor the subsequent Mk.2 and Mk.3 models were produced or officially sold in Australia (though they were heavily involved in Australian motorsport and many have been privately imported). Ford Australia concentrated its sales efforts on other UK sourced products, namely theEscortandCortinasedans.

SA30 (1989–1994)

[edit]
Main article:Ford Capri (Australia)

From 1989 to 1994Ford Australiareused the Capri name for an unrelated two-door convertible sports car, coded the SA30. The new model was exported to the United States, where it was marketed as theMercury Capri.A small portion were sold in Australia.

South Africa

[edit]

Ford of South Africa assembled the Capri from 1970 to late 1972 with a similar model range to the UK. No facelift models or RS variants were marketed in South Africa. The Essex V6 was the most common engine, as it was assembled locally – the Pinto "four" was not installed. The 1600 four and three-litre V6 were also available.[101]

About 500 Capris were converted by specialist Basil Green Motors to run the 302Ford Windsor V8 engine.These models were known as the Capri Perana and were very successful in local touring car events, winning the 1970 South African championship and, in a different format, the 1971 championship as well.

No Mk II and Mk III Capris were exported to, or built in South Africa.

Motorsport

[edit]

Zakspeed Ford Capri

[edit]
Zakspeed Ford Capri
CategoryGroup 5
ConstructorZakspeed,Ford Motorsport
Designer(s)Thomas Ammerschläger[102]
Technical specifications
ChassisAlloy tube structure with alloy sheet floorplan, bonded tokevlarbodypanels
Suspension (front)Alloy wishbones, titanium concentric coil spring, gas dampers
Suspension (rear)Alloy rear axle, radius locating arms, Watts linkage, titanium concentric coil spring, gas dampers
EngineBased onCosworthBDA-Turbo 1426 ccI-4twin-turbo,FR
TransmissionGetrag5-speed ZF LSD with 90 percent locking efficiency
TyresGoodyear10.0/225 × 16 (front);
12.5/225 × 19 (rear)
Competition history
Notable entrantsFord Motorsport
Notable driversKlaus Ludwig,Jochen Mass
Debut1981 Group5 Season
RacesWinsPoles
14912
See also:Zakspeed

AGroup 5version of the Capri Mk III was built byZakspeedto compete in theDeutsche Rennsport Meisterschaftmotor racing series.Klaus Ludwigsubsequently won the 1981 title. The car retained very little of the Capri. Only the roof, pillars and parts of the rear end remained. The body mainly consisted of aluminium profiles and 80 metres of aluminium tubing.[103]The turbocharged Cosworth engine puts out approximately 530 PS (390 kW) at 9200 rpm with 1.4 bar charge; 1.6 bars were available for short periods for an extra 70 PS (51 kW).[104]

Revival

[edit]
Main article:Ford Capri EV

At the 2003Frankfurt Motor Show,Ford unveiled theVisosconcept. The two door coupe took numerous styling cues from the Capri.[105]

In 2009, it was reported that a new Capri model was being developed. The car was supposedly a two door hatchback based on theFocus,fitted with a 1.6 litreEcoboostengine and aimed at competing with theVolkswagen SciroccoandRenault Mégane RSmarket.[106]The car was never produced.

In early 2023, there was speculation that Ford could revive the Capri nameplate in Europe as an electric sportscrossovercoupe,similar to the revival of thePuma nameplatein 2019. Though the Capri name has not been confirmed by Ford, instead being named the "Sport Crossover" prior to an official launch in 2024, the vehicle would be based on theVolkswagen Group MEB platformand would share technology and design cues from the 2024Ford Explorer EV.[107][108][109]A camouflagedpre-productionvehicle would later be photographed driving aroundColognein November 2023, and it was unveiled on July 10, 2024.[110][111]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
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Further reading

[edit]
  • Halwart Schrader, Ulrich Knaack (Red.):Ford Capri 1969–1987. Eine Dokumentation(= Schrader-Typen-Chronik). Motorbuch-Verlag, Stuttgart 2007,ISBN978-3-613-02712-1.
  • Reil, Andreas A.:Die Legende aus Köln. Die Geschichte des Ford Capri auf DVD.Mediabook-Verlag, Gau-Heppenheim 2003,ISBN3-932972-40-6.
  • Tuchen, Bernd:Ford Capri – Alles über das legendäre Sportcoupé.GeraMond, München 2009,ISBN978-3-7654-7716-4.
  • Tuchen, Bernd:Klassiker exakt: Ford Capri I. Entwicklung, Technik, Daten.Peter Kurze,Bremen 2013,ISBN978-3-927485-32-7.
[edit]
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