Göle
Göle | |
|---|---|
 | |
  Göle Location in Turkey | |
| Coordinates:40°47′34″N42°36′31″E/ 40.79278°N 42.60861°E | |
| Country | Turkey |
| Province | Ardahan |
| District | Göle |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | İlhan Gültekin (AKP) |
| Elevation | 2,038 m (6,686 ft) |
| Population (2021)[1] | 5,775 |
| Time zone | UTC+3(TRT) |
| Postal code | 75700 |
| Website | www |
Göle(Armenian:Կող,romanized:Kogh;Georgian:კოლა,romanized:k'ola;Kurdish:Mêrdînik) is a small city inArdahan ProvinceofTurkey.The city was formerly known asMerdenik,MerdinikorArdahan-ı Küçük( "Little Ardahan" inOttoman Turkish). It is the seat ofGöle District.[2]Its population is 5,775 (2021).[1]
Etymology[edit]
InArmenian,Göle is known asKogh(Կող),Merdenek(Մերդենեկ), orMerrrenek(Մեռենեկ), also being renamed toMartenik(Մարտենիք) in 1918. InGreek,the town is known asGkióle(Γκιόλε) orMertenék(Μερτενέκ).[3][4][5]InGeorgian,it is known asKola(კოლა).[citation needed]
History[edit]
The name derives from Armenian name—Kogh—which may, in turn, derive from ancient kingdom ofColchis.In ancient times this land was part ofUrartu.In 4th century BC, it was part ofKingdom of Iberiaand remained as one of the district of Duchy of Tsunda. Since 2nd century BC to 4th century AD this place was a part ofGreater Armenia.During subsequent centuries it frequently changed hands between Iberians andArmenians.In the 7th century it passed to theArab Caliphate.In 8th century it became part ofKuropalatine of Iberiain struggle against theArab occupation.During the 10th–15th centuries, this region was a part of the unitedGeorgian Kingdom.In the 16th century, it was within the independentPrincipality of Samtskheuntil it was occupied and annexed by theOttoman Empireand organized into theChildir Eyalet.Merdenek was annexed by theRussian Empirein 1878, where it was part of the militarily administeredKars Oblast,specifically within the Gelskyuchastok(subcounty) of theArdahan Okrug.The district included villages inhabited by various ethnic groups, including 40Turkishand 13Caucasian Greekvillages.[6]Merdenek was briefly occupied by theOttoman Empireby virtue of theTreaty of Brest-Litovsk,however, following their withdrawal in 1919,Armeniancontrol prevailed until late 1920. During theTurkish–Armenian War,the town was occupied byDemocratic Republic of Georgia;in 1921, it was annexed byTurkey,as confirmed by theTreaty of Kars.[7]
Places of interest to visitors include the tomb and mosque in the village ofDedeşenand the castles ofKalecikandUgurtaşı.
Notable people[edit]
- İsmail Ateş(born 1960), artist and professor
References[edit]
- ^ab"Address-based population registration system (ADNKS) results dated 31 December 2021"(XLS)(in Turkish).TÜİK.Retrieved12 January2023.
- ^İlçe Belediyesi,Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 12 January 2023.
- ^Σάββας Καλεντερίδης, “Ανατολικός Πόντος”, 2006.
- ^Ισαάκ Λαυρεντίδη, “Μετοικεσία Καυκασίων 1895-1907”.
- ^Ιωάννης Καλφόγλου Μαρκήσιο-Φωτιάδη, “Οι Έλληνες εν Καυκάσω”, Αθήνα (1908).
- ^List of the Greek villages of Καρς,ΜΕΡΤΙΝΙΚ, "13 ελληνικά χωριά της Γκιόλιας"[" 13 Greek villages of Giolia "], pontosworld
- ^"iveria".www.conflicts.rem33.com.Retrieved2022-05-29.
