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GERB

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For the climate-monitoring satellite instruments, seeGeostationary Earth Radiation Budget.

Citizens for European Development of Bulgaria
Граждани за европейско развитие на България
AbbreviationGERB[1]
LeaderBoyko Borisov[1]
Founded3 December 2006(2006-12-03)
Split fromNational Movement Simeon II
HeadquartersSofia
Membership(2018)94,000[2]
Ideology
Political positionCentre-right[1][5][9][10]
National affiliationGERB—SDS
European affiliationEuropean People's Party
European Parliament groupEuropean People's Party
International affiliation
ColoursBlue
National Assembly
67 / 240
European Parliament
4 / 17
Municipalities
101 / 265
Party flag
Website
www.gerb.bg

GERB,an acronym forCitizens for European Development of Bulgaria[1](Bulgarian:Граждани за европейско развитие на България,romanized:Grazhdani za evropeysko razvitie na Bŭlgaria), is aconservativepopulist[4][5]political partywhich was the ruling party ofBulgariaduring the periods between 2009–2013 and 2017–2021.

History

[edit]

GERB is headed by formerPrime Minister of BulgariaBoyko Borisov,the formermayor of Sofia,former member of theNational Movement Simeon IIand former personal guard ofTodor Zhivkovin the 1990s. The establishment of the party followed the creation of a non-profit organization with theacronym(in Bulgarian) GERB —Citizens for European Development of Bulgaria,earlier the same year.

In early January 2007,[12]and early February 2007,[13]the party came second inpublic pollson party support with around 14%, trailing theBulgarian Socialist Partywhich had around 25%. Its stated priorities are fighting crime and corruption, preservingfamily as the cornerstone of societyand achievingenergy independence.

GERB won the2009 European Parliament election in Bulgariawith 24.36% of the vote. The party elected fiveMEPsand joined theEuropean People's Party-European Democrats Groupin theEuropean Parliament(in theEPPsection). On June 6, 2007, GERB applied formally to join as a member-party theEuropean People's Party[14]and joined EPP on February 7, 2008.[15]

GERB won the2009 parliamentary elections,held a month after the European ballot, winning 39.7% of the popular vote and 116 seats (out of 240). After the elections, a new government was formed,led by Borisov,primarily with GERB members and with 5 independent ministers around Deputy Prime MinisterSimeon Djankov.The reformist wing was responsible for some of the most significant legislative victories, including a Constitutional reform to ban tax increases. GERB's candidates for the2011 presidential election,Rosen PlevnelievandMargarita Popova(presidential nominee and running mate, respectively), won the elections on the second ballot with 52.6% of the popular vote.

On 20 February 2013, the government resigned afternationwide protestsdemanding it to step down.[16]GERB lost the2013 parliamentary electionswith 84 seats, receiving 27.5% of the popular vote. However, due to the collapse of the coalition government in 2016 due to anew, even bigger wave of mass protests,GERB backed into power after thesnap elections.

In 2020 GERB suffered a split, as a sizable number of members and local party organizations left alongside former second-in-commandTsvetan Tsvetanovto form theRepublicans for Bulgariaparty.[17]The whole second half of 2020 sawmass protests against the GERB government,but nevertheless, Borisov did not resign.

In theApril 2021 parliamentary electionGERB was first with 26.18% of the vote. In theJuly 2021 snap election,former Prime Minister Boyko Borisov's GERB-led coalition was the second with 23.51 percent of the vote.[18]The next snap electionwas in November same year,Kiril Petkov'scoalitionemerged as surprise victors over the conservative GERB party, which dominated Bulgarian politics in the last decade. GERB has been in opposition since December 2021[19]until June 2022 - the fall ofPetkov's government.

List of chairmen

[edit]
No. Name
 Portrait Term of office
1 Tsvetan Tsvetanov

(1965–)

3 December 2006 10 January 2010
2 Boyko Borisov

(1959–)

10 January 2010 Incumbent

Parliamentary leaders

[edit]
No. Name
 Portrait National Assembly
1 Krasimir Velchev

(1951–)

41st
2 Boyko Borisov

(1959–)

42nd
3 Tsvetan Tsvetanov

(1965–)

43rd
4 Daniela Daritkova

(1966–)

44th
5 Desislava Atanasova

(1978–)

45th
46th
47th
48th
49th
6 Boyko Borisov

(1959–)

49th

Electoral history

[edit]

National Assembly

[edit]
Election Votes % Seats +/– Status
2009 1,678,583 39.72 (#1)
116 / 240
 New Minority
2013 1,081,605 30.55 (#1)
97 / 240
 Decrease19 Opposition
2014 1,072,491 32.67 (#1)
84 / 240
 Decrease13 Coalition
2017 1,147,283 32.65 (#1)
95 / 240
 Increase11 Coalition
Apr 2021[a] 837,707 25.80 (#1)
73 / 240
 Decrease22 Snap election
Jul 2021[a] 642,165 23.21 (#2)
60 / 240
 Decrease13 Snap election
Nov 2021[a] 596,456 22.44 (#2)
57 / 240
 Decrease3 Opposition
2022[a] 634,627 24.48 (#1)
64 / 240
 Increase7 Snap election
2023[a] 669,924 25.39 (#1)
67 / 240
 Increase3 Coalition
2024[a] 530,658 24.71 (#1)
64 / 240
 Decrease3 TBA

Presidential

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Election Candidate First round Second round
Votes % Rank Votes % Result
2011 Rosen Plevneliev 1,349,380 40.1 1st 1,698,136 52.6 Won
2016 Tsetska Tsacheva 840,635 22.0 2nd 1,256,485 36.2 Lost
2021 Anastas Gerdzhikov 610,862 22.8 2nd 733,791 31.8 Lost

European Parliament

[edit]
Election Votes % Seats +/–
2007 420,001 21.68 (#1)
5 / 18
2009 627,693 24.36 (#1)
5 / 18
 Steady
2014 680,838 30.40 (#1)
6 / 17
 Increase1
2019[a] 607,194 30.13 (#1)
5 / 17
 Decrease1
  1. ^abcdefgIn coalition withSDS.

References

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  1. ^abcdefg"European Election Watch Bulgaria".Center for Strategic and International Studies.Archived fromthe originalon November 14, 2021.RetrievedJanuary 4,2022.
  2. ^"БСП и ГЕРБ вече почти равни по брой членове"[BSP and GERB now almost even in membership].24 Chasa.August 6, 2018.RetrievedSeptember 25,2020.
  3. ^Nordsieck, Wolfram (2017)."Bulgaria".Parties and Elections in Europe.
  4. ^abBarzachka, Nina (April 25, 2017)."Bulgaria's government will include far-right nationalist parties for the first time".The Washington Post.RetrievedJuly 9,2018.
  5. ^abcHope, Kerin; Troev, Theodor (June 10, 2009)."Populist promises to clean up Bulgaria".Financial Times.RetrievedDecember 19,2011.(registration required)
  6. ^Novaković, Igor (2010).""European" and "Extreme" Populists in the Same Row – the New Government of the Republic of Bulgaria "(PDF).Western Balkans Security Observer(17). ISAC Fund: 63–73.RetrievedDecember 19,2011.
  7. ^Cristova, Christiana (2010)."Populism: the Bulgarian case"(PDF).Sociedade e Cultura.13(2). Goiânia: 221–232.RetrievedDecember 19,2011.
  8. ^Routledge Handbook of European Elections edited by Donatella M. Viola, page 639
  9. ^Smilov, Daniel; Jileva, Elena (2009), "The politics of Bulgarian citizenship: National identity, democracy and other uses",Citizenship Policies in the New Europe,Amsterdam University Press, p. 229
  10. ^Jansen, Thomas; Van Hecke, Steven (2012),At Europe's Service: The Origins and Evolution of the European People's Party,Springer, p. 78
  11. ^https://www.idu.org/members/
  12. ^"Socialists Lead GERB in Bulgarian Politics: Angus Reid Global Monitor".Angus Reid Public Opinion.Vision Critical. Archived fromthe originalon July 8, 2009.RetrievedOctober 10,2008.
  13. ^"Socialists Gain, GERB Second in Bulgaria: Angus Reid Global Monitor".Angus Reid Public Opinion.Vision Critical. Archived fromthe originalon October 2, 2008.RetrievedOctober 10,2008.
  14. ^"Лидерът на ПП ГЕРБ е на двудневно посещение в Брюксел".ГЕРБ(in Bulgarian). June 6, 2007. Archived fromthe originalon September 26, 2007.RetrievedOctober 10,2008.
  15. ^"Bulgaria's GERB joins European People's Party".SEtimes.com.February 8, 2008.RetrievedOctober 10,2008.
  16. ^New York Times, The (February 20, 2013)."After Bulgarian Protests, Prime Minister Resigns".The New York Times.RetrievedFebruary 20,2013.
  17. ^Capital.bg (September 24, 2020)."Заплаха ли е за ГЕРБ новата партия на Цветанов".www.capital.bg(in Bulgarian).RetrievedNovember 4,2020.
  18. ^"Final Results In Bulgarian Vote Confirm Win For Anti-Elite Party".Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty.July 14, 2021.
  19. ^"Kiril Petkov chosen by Bulgarian parliament as next prime minister".euronews.December 13, 2021.
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