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FlightGearflight simulator

Anopen-source video game,or simply anopen-source game,is avideo gamewhosesource codeisopen-source.They are often freely distributable and sometimescross-platformcompatible.

Definition and differentiation[edit]

Game managerLutrisshowing a selection of open-source video games

Not all open-source games arefree software;some open-source gamescontain proprietary non-free content.Open-source games that are free software and contain exclusivelyfree contentconform toDFSG,free culture,and open content and are sometimes calledfree games.ManyLinux distributionsrequire for inclusion that the game content is freely redistributable,freewareor commercial restriction clauses are prohibited.[1]

Background[edit]

See also:List of commercial video games with available source code
Participants in theFree Knowledge Game Jam2015, an open source and open data orientedgame jam

In general, open-source games are developed by relatively small groups of people in their free time, withprofitnot being the main focus. Many open-source games are volunteer-run projects, and as such, developers of free games are often hobbyists and enthusiasts. The consequence of this is that open-source games often take longer to mature, are less common[2]and often lack the production value of commercial titles.[3]In the 1990s a challenge to build high-quality content for games was the missing availability or the excessive price for tools like 3D modeller or toolsets forlevel design.[4]

In recent years, this changed and availability ofopen-source toolslikeBlender,game engines and libraries drove open source andindependent video gaming.[5]FLOSSgame engines, like theGodotgame engine, as well as libraries, likeSDL,are increasingly common in game development, even proprietary ones.[6]Given that game art is not considered software, there is debate about the philosophical or ethical obstacles in selling a game where its art is proprietary but the entire source code is free software.[7][8][9]

Godot engineeditor

Some of the open-source game projects are based on formerlyproprietarygames, whosesource codewas released as open-source software, while the game content (such as graphics, audio and levels) may or may not be under a free license.[10]Examples includeWarzone 2100(areal-time strategygame)[11]andMicropolis(a city-building simulator based on theSimCitysource code). Advantage of such continuation projects is that these games are already "complete" as graphic and audio content is available, and therefore the open-source authors can focus onporting,fixing bugsormodding the games.

Warzone 2100

In a 2004 article, Adam Geitgey questioned the compatibility of theopen-sourceculture with respect to the game development process. He suggested that perceivedopen-source developmentadvantages do not work for games because users move on to new games relatively quickly and so do not give back to the project. Geitgey further noted that music and art development is not built up from the work of others in the same way that coding would be. He argued that high quality art content is required, which is typically produced commercially by paid artists. WhileLinuxoperates on the open-source philosophy, this may not benefit game development.[12]

As of September 2015, theSteamgaming service has 1,500 games available on Linux, compared to 2,323 games forMacand 6,500Windowsgames.[13][14][15]

History[edit]

Beginnings and early games[edit]

Angband

Just as inmost other formsof software, free software was an unconscious occurrence during the creation of early computer games, particularly for earlierUnixgames.These are mostly arcade conversions, parlour games, and text adventures using libraries likecurses.[16][17]A notable example of this is the "BSDGames ", a collection ofinteractive fictionand othertext-mode titles.[18][19]Game fan communities such as themodding communitydo includesome aspectsof free software, such as sharing mods across community sites, sometimes with free to use media made for the modification.[20]

Withthe riseofproprietary softwarein the mid to late 1980s, games became more and more proprietary. However, thisalso ledto the first deliberately free games such asGNU Backgammon,GNU Chess,GNU Go,andGNU Shogiof theGNU Projectestablished in 1983, part of whose goal is to create a complete free software system,games included.[21]More advanced free gaming projects emerged, such asMoriaand its descendantAngband,Hackand its derivativesNetHackandSlash'EM,in addition toXtreksuccessorNetrek,variants ofrobots,and adventure gameDunnet,which has been included withGNU Emacssince 1994 among others.[22][23]Still developed and played today, front-ends for frameworks such asX11,SDL,GTKandQt,plus fuller featured variants such asIso-Angband,glHackandVulture's Eyehave kept the games accessible.[24][25]Roguelikeshave continued to be produced, includingCataclysm: Dark Days Ahead,Tales of Maj'Eyal,HyperRogue,DRL,Isleward,[26]Egoboo,S.C.O.U.R.G.E.,[27]Shattered Pixel Dungeon,[28]as well asLinley's Dungeon Crawland its offspringDungeon Crawl Stone Soup.The source code to the originalRoguewas released under theBSD licensein 1986.

XEvil

AsPC gamingbegan to emerge in the late 1980s, free gaming also advanced. More complicated games utilizing theX Window Systemfor graphics started to appear, most beginning with the signature letter X.[29]These includedXAsteroids,XBattle,XBoing,X-Bomber,XConq,XDigger,XEmeraldia,XGalaga,XGammon,XLander,XLife,XMahjong,XMine,XSoldier,XPilot,XRobots,XRubiks,XShogi,XScavenger,XTris,XTron,andXTic.[30]XBillis notable as one of the earliest free gaming titles to feature an activist theme of halting proprietary software adoption, later echoed in titles such asVirus Killer,DefendguinandFreedroidRPG.[31]XEvilfollowed the development cycle of many early pieces of free software, having originally been developed as a university project on theProject Athenanetwork, although it was freeware for a while.[32]The game was also one of the first free titles to featurecontroversial subject mattersuch asgraphic violenceanddrug use.[33]XTuxwas also an earlydeathmatchgame for Linux, featuring variousfree software mascots,a theme that would continue to be revisited.[34]Rocks'n'Diamondsis another earlier free software game, and one of the first for Linux.[35]Other games targeted or also supported theSVGAliblibrary allowing them to run without awindowing system,[36]such asLinCity,Maelstorm,andSABRE.[37]TheGeneral Graphics Interfacewas also utilized,[38]with games likeHeroes,[39]Thrust,[40]U.R.B.A.N The Cyborg Project[41]andDave Gnukem.[42]

FreeCiv

TheFreecivproject was started in 1995 and gave rise to another new style of free game development. Similar to the cooperative nature of theLinux kerneldevelopment,Freecivwas extended by many volunteers, rather than only one or two authors.[43]It had started out as a small university student project but then branched out into its current form and is still being developed today.Freecivalso proved to be one of the earliest very popular free software games, and was among the first to be included with Linux distributions, a system commonly known now as a source of peer review or selection of quality for free gaming projects. Magazines, news sources and websites have also started noting free games, often in listings.[44][45][46][47]Freecivand other archetypes have led to the development of many otherclones of popular proprietary games.[48][49]Lincitywas also started in 1995, despite there having been aUnixversion of itsnamesakeofficially released by DUX Software in 1990.[50]

Beyond directly tying to the operating system, various free game development frameworks emerged starting withAllegroin 1990,SDLin 1998,ClanLibin 1999,OpenALin 2000,SFMLin 2007, as well as SDL 2 andRaylibin 2013. TheGNU Image Manipulation Program,MyPaint,Kirta,Inkscape,Synfig,Pencil2D,Audacity,Rosegarden,MidiEditor,[51]OpenShot,Kdenlive,Pitivi,Blender,MakeHuman,MM3D,[52][53]and other applications have provided an entire open source toolchain for creative projects. Various free softwareemulatorsandcompatibility layershave also been produced, such asMAMEandMESS,Mednafen,higan,Executor,Darling,lxrun,Cygwin,Dosbox,ScummVM,Anbox,WineandProton,allowing games to run in new environments (broadly targeted by theRetroArchfront-end).

3D games and source releases[edit]

Tux Racer

Proprietary games such asDoomandDescentbrought in the age of three-dimensional games in the early to mid 1990s, and free games started to make the switch themselves.Tuxedo T. Penguin: A Quest for Herringby Steve Baker, a game featuring the Linux mascotTuxand introducing thePLIBlibrary, was an early example of a three-dimensional free software game.[54]He and his son Oliver would later create other popular 3D free games and clones such asTuxKartand contribute to those by other developers such asTux Racer.BZFlagpre-dates all of these, inspired byBattlezoneand started in 1992 and released in 1993.FlightGear,YSFlight,ACM,[55]andGL-117[56]are also good examples of original 3D games, first started in 1997, 1999 and 2003 respectively (and the latter eventually forked asLinux Air Combat[57]), especially noting that they are not first-person shooters butflight simulators;Danger from the Deepmeanwhile simulatessubmarines.[58]

TheOpenGLspecification provided a foundation forhardware accelerationsince 1992, primarily through the freeMesaimplementation since 1995, and later complimented byVulkansince 2016.[59]TheDirect3DAPI has also been made available on free operating systems viacompatibility layerssuch asWineD3DandDXKV.TheGlideAPI was also made open source following the dissolution of3dfxin 2002.

TheGenesis3Dengine project,Crystal SpaceandCubealso spawned other 3D free software engines and games, later joined by the likes ofRetribution,[60]Delta3D,Dim3,Neutron,[61][62]Lescegra,[63]Raydium,[64]Drome Engine,[65]Vanda,[66]Linderdaum,[67]Lumix,[68]Toy,[69]ezEngine,[70]WickedEngine,[71]Limon,[72]Banshee,[73]Esenthel,[74]Flax,[75]and theG3D Innovation Engine.[76]Engines even exist forhigh-level programming languagessuch asPython[77](Pyglet,PyOpenGL,[78]Spineless,[79]Soya3D,PyUnity,[80]PyZOE[81]),Pascal(GLScene,Castle,[82]nxPascal,[83]ZenGL[84]),Lua(LÖVR,[85]LÖVE3D[86]),Rust(Amethyst,[87]Bevy,[88]Fyrox,[89]Piston[90]),Zig(Mach[91]),Java[92](libGDX,Jake2,jMonkeyEngine,[93]Env3D[94]),Kotlin(KorGE,[95]MiniGDX[96]),Go[97](Azul3D,[98]G3N[99]),Ruby(Candy Gear[100]),Gambas(PS Tech[101])FreeBASIC(OpenB3D[102]) in addition toActionScript(Away3D),Haxe(Heaps.io,[103]Kha[104]) andJavaScript(Babylon.js,Three.js)usingWebGL.[105][106][107]Several engines exist with rendering inlow-levelCorC++with higher level scripting, such asPanda3DandUrsina[108]for Python,Basic4GL,andMaratis,[109]Polycode,[110]and Cafu for Lua, or offering a variety of language binding options such asCocos3D,[111]Horde3D,Delta Engine,[112]HARFANG3D,[113]OGREand theIrrlicht Engine.The gamesYo Frankie!andSintel The Gamewere developed by theBlender Foundationto showcase the abilities of theBlendermodelling tool and the erstwhileBlender Game Engine,which has since beenforkedas UPBGE.[114]Blender is also utilized byUrho3D/U3D[115][116]andArmory.[117]Since May 2023, theGDeveloptool allows low to no code 3D game creation.[118]

GL-117

id Software,anearly entrantinto commercialLinux gaming,would also prove to be anearly supporterof free gaming whenJohn Carmackreleased the source code forWolfenstein 3Din 1995 andDoomin 1997, first under a custom license and then later theGNU General Public License(GPL) in 1999 (later termedid Tech 1). This was followed by the release ofQuakeenginein 1999, theQuake IIenginein 2001 (both known asid Tech 2),id Tech 3in 2004 and most recentlyid Tech 4in 2011 (including the updated version from theDoom 3: BFG Editionin 2012) before Carmack left id in 2013.[72]

id Tech 4 was released as free software, even amongst patent concerns fromCreative LabsoverCarmack's reverse,[119]while the originalDoomsource release shipped without music due to complications with theCygnus Studiosdeveloped DMX library (which lead to theLinuxversionbeing selected for release).[120]Carmack has continued to advise developers to be careful when depending on middleware, noting how it can limit the possibilities of later releasing source code.[121]Tim Sweeneyhas implied this issue has hindered potential releases of olderUnreal Enginesource code.[122]TheGodot,Nebula Device,Plasma,Torque,[123]Bork3D,Stride,PlayCanvas,Dagor Engine,[124][125]andDefold[126]engines were also initially commercial and proprietary, while theOpen 3D Engineis derived from released code fromAmazon Lumberyardoriginally based onCryEngine.[127]

Tremulous

This led not only tosource portsthat allowed the playing of the non-free games based on these engines[128](plus fan added enhancements)[129]on free engines and systems, but has also to the production of standalone free games.[130]These includeFreedoom,Blasphemer,Open Quartz,LibreQuake,Nexuiz/Xonotic,Tremulous/Unvanquished,Quetoo,[131]andOpenArenaonid Tech,plusTerminal Overload[132]andUebergame[133]on Torque. Freeware games, such asHarmony,[134]The Adventures of Square,[135]The Hunted Chronicle 2,[136]Force: Leashed,[137]Retro Blazer,[138]Alien Arena,World of Padman,andUrban Terror,[139]have also taken advantage of these free engines and sometimes have given code back to the community. Development and editing tools are also commonly released freely, such asGtkRadiant,[140]Qoole,Doom Builder,LibreSprite,[141]Ogmo,[142]LDtk,[143]LevelEditor,[144]Tile Studio, andTiled.[145][146]Released engines have also been used forfangamessuch asSonic Robo Blast 2,[147]Wolfenstein: Blade of Agony,[148]ZBlood/Transfusion,[149]SUPERQOT,[150]andSlayer's Testament,[151]and even commercial games such asWrath: Aeon of Ruin,Steel Storm,andDOOMBRINGER,[152]on theDarkPlaces engine,as well asHedon,[153]Selaco,[154]Vomitoreum,[155]andSupplice[156]on theGZDoomengine and also titles byBlendo Gameson theid Tech 2andid Tech 4engines. The gamesIon FuryandA.W.O.Lare built on thesource availableBuildengine,[157]andExcalibur: Morgana's RevengeonAleph One.Liblastis an open source multiplayer first-person shooter built using theGodotgame engine.[158]

Blades of Exile

id partners and related, such asRaven Software,Bungie,Volition,GarageGames,Cyan Worlds,and3D Realms,as well as Two Tribes,[159]Pangea Software,and several of the developers who participated in theHumble Indie Bundle,[160]have alsoreleased codeand it is now accepted practice for some mainstream game developers to release legacy source code.[48]Formerly proprietarygames such asJump 'n Bump,Dink Smallwood,Clonk,Seven Kingdoms,AstroMenace,Warzone 2100,Glitch,Maelstrom,Planet Blupi,[161]Avara,Eat the Whistle,[162]Blades of Exile,Star Control 2,SimCity,Fish Fillets,HoverRace,Duelyst,as wellAbuseand the unfinishedGolgothahave even been entirely released freely, including multimedia assets and levels.[163]

Some games are mostly free software but contain proprietary content such as theCubesequel,Sauerbraten(andlater forks,but notRed Eclipse),Warsow/Warfork,or the formerid TechmodsThe Dark ModandSmokin' Guns,but some developers desire and/or work on replacing these with free content.[164][165]Mods for originally proprietary games have gone standalone following the source code being released for their parent game, such asNexuizforQuake,CodeRED: Alien ArenaforQuake II,andUrban TerrorforQuake III,as well asPenumbra: NecrologueforAmnesia: The Dark Descent.Derivatives of released code or recreations have even been used for commercial re-releases of vintage games such asWolfenstein 3D ClassicforiOS,[166]Abuse ClassicforiPhone,Duke Nukem 3D: Megaton Edition,[167]Shadow Warrior Classic Redux,[168]Duke NukemandDuke Nukem IIfor theEvercade,[169]andThe Original Strife: Veteran Edition.[170]Source code releases were used however for unauthorized versions ofLugaruandAbusethat were allowed onto theApp Storeprior to takedown claims by the original developers.[171][172]

Primarily proprietary developers have also helped free gaming by creating free libraries.Loki Softwarehelped create and maintain theSimple DirectMedia LayerandOpenALlibraries andLinux Game Publishingcreated and maintained the free network layerGrapple.LGP also avoided publishing games similar to popular free titles.[173]Many libraries/infrastructures have been created without corporate assistance however, such as theonline gamesystem GGZ Gaming Zone,[174][175]Gamerzillaachievementintegration,[176]GamingAnywherecloud streaming,[177]Mumblevoice over IP,[178]OBS Studioforscreencasting,[179]and theLutrisgame manager.[180]Physics enginessuch asBox2D,Bullet,Chipmunk,OPAL,Open Dynamics Engine,TokamakandNewton Game Dynamicshave been made available as open source. In addition, variousgame creation systemsare free software[181]such as theZZTremakeMegaZeux,[182]ZGameEditor,[183]Novashell,[184]SLUDGE,[185]theJavaScriptbasedCt.js[186]andPixelbox.js,[187]versions ofGame Editor,Adventure Game Studio,OHRRPGCE,Game-Maker,the engine behindStencyl,the originalConstruct,GDevelopandGodot.

Rise in popularity and diversity[edit]

SuperTux

Individuals and teams have continued creating many popular free software games, starting really in the late 1990s to the present day. Many of these are clones[188]such asPingus,Lix,[189]andRabbit Escape[190](Lemmings),BomberClone(Atomic Bomberman),[191]Enigma(Oxyd),Beats of Rage(Streets of Rage),TetriNET(Tetris),GAV,[192]Blobby Volley,andSlimeVolley[193](Arcade Volleyball),Ace of Penguins(Microsoft Solitaire),[194]Crack Attack(Tetris Attack),[195]Pang Zero[196]andPiX Pang[197](Super Pang),System Syzygy(Systems' Twilight),[198]Troll Bridge,Fanwor: The Legend of Gemda[199]andZQuest Classic[200](The Legend of Zelda),Rocks'n'DiamondsandEpiphany[201](Boulder Dash),Numpty Physics(Crayon Physics),[202]Pathological(Logical),[203]PainTown(MUGEN),[204]FloboPoyo,[205]GTK Puyo Puyo[206](Puyo Puyo),Paranoid,[207]LBreakOut 2,[208]andBriquolo[209](Breakout),BurgerSpace(BurgerTime),[210]Einstein Puzzle(Sherlock),[211]UltraStar(SingStar),OpenClonk(Clonk),FreeGish(Gish),[212]Hexoshi(Super Metroid),[213]I Have No Tomatoes[214]andBombic[215](Dynablaster),Scorched 3DandXScorch[216](Scorched Earth),FreeVikings(The Lost Vikings),[217]Savage Wheels(Destruction Derby),[218]Penguin Command(Missile Command),[219]Sable(Space Harrier),[220]Circus Linux!(Circus Atari),[221]Falling Time(Fall Down),[222]Toppler(Tower Toppler),[223][224]Gem Drop X(Gem Drop),[225]Fish Supper[226]andFroggix[227](Frogger),OpenMortal(Mortal Kombat),[228][229]Triplane TurmoilandSDL Sopwth[230](Sopwith),Taisei Project(Touhou Project),[231]Crown and Cutlass(Sid Meier's Pirates!),[232]IceBreaker(JezzBall),[233]Monsterz(Bejeweled),[234]Tux Football[235]andYSoccer[236](Sensible Soccer),iMaze(MIDI Maze),[237]PixBros(Bubble Bobble),[238]Surge the Rabbit(Sonic the Hedgehog),[239]Dave Gnukem(Duke Nukem),[240]Formido[241](Phobia),Violetland[242]andGrimsonland[243](Crimsonland),Minetest(Minecraft),[244]SolarWolf(Solar Fox),[245]Freedroid[246]andNighthawk[247](Paradroid),Tile WorldandEscape[248](Chip's Challenge),[249]FreeOrion(Master of Orion),[250]Tuxánci(Bulánci),Super Tux Party(Mario Party),[251]Neverball(Super Monkey Ball),[252]Kraptor/RafKill(Raptor: Call of the Shadows),Trackballs(Marble Madness),[253]Hurrican(Turrican),[254]OpenTyrian(Tyrian),[255]HexGL(Wipeout),[256]Zaz(Zuma),Ostrich Riders(Joust),[257]Endless Sky[258]andNaev[259](Escape Velocity),PioneerandOolite(Elite),SuperTux,Secret Maryo ChroniclesandMari0(Super Mario Bros.),[260]SuperTux 3D[261](Super Mario 64),WarMUX[262]andHedgewars[263](Worms),OpenLieroX,NiL,[264]LieroLibre(Liero) as well asFrets on Fire(Guitar Hero), andStepMania(Dance Dance Revolution).

kiki the nanobot

Frozen Bubble,originally a clone ofPuzzle Bobble,has become a classic known for its addictive gameplay and winner of manyLinux JournalReader's Choice Awards.[265]These games and others have also helped expand the prevalentTux genrewhich started with titles and likeA Quest for Herringand are related to the activist content of games likeXBill.As well as ground up clones,[266]open sourcere-implementationsof various proprietary games have becomeincreasingly common,which utilize the original game data.[267]

More original games such as the platformers0verkill,[268]Abe's Amazing Adventure,[269]Adventures on Planet Zephulor,[270]Alex the Allegator 4,[271]Amphetamine,[272]B.A.L.L.Z.,[273]Cow's Revenge,[274]Gilbert and the doors,[275]Go Ollie!,[276]GunFu Deadlands,[277]JVGS,[278]Me and My Shadow,[279]Mr. Rescue,[280]Nikwi,[281]Plee the Bear,[282]Super Bombinhas,[283]Stringrolled,[284]Teeworlds,Which Way Is Up,[285]andWorminator 3,[286][287]puzzle games such asAnagramarama,[288]Angry, Drunken, Dwarves,[289]Balls Blocks and Mazes,[290]Battery,[291]Brikx,[292]Chroma,[293]Dynamite,[294]Hex-a-Hop,[295]irrlamb,[296]kiki the nano bot,Krystal Drop,[297]Marble Muncher,[298]Memonix,[299]Minilens,[300]Raincat,[301]Tetzle,[302]The Powder Toy,Wizznic!,[303]andXye,[304]arcade games such asApricots,[305]Airstrike,[306]Avoision,[307]Battle Tanks,[308]Barrage,[309]C-Dogs,Chromium B.S.U.,Emilia Pinball,[310]theEnemy Linesseries,[311][312]FLAW,[313]Free Tennis,[314]theGekiseries,[315]Hase,[316]Help Hannah's Horse,[317]Heroes,[318]Jammer the Gardener,[319]KETM,[320]Kuklomenos,[321]Librerama,[322]Luola,[323]M.A.R.S.,[324]Meat Fighter - The Weiner Warrior,[223]Hikou no mizu,[325]Moag,[326]OilWar,[327]osu!,Osgg,[328]Orbital Eunuchs Sniper,[329]Overgod,[330]Powermanga,[331][332]Ri-li,[333]Super Transball 2,[334]Technoball Z,[335]The Sheep Killer,[336]Variations on Rockdodger,[337]Warlock's Gauntlet,[338]andZorn,[339]have been able to carve out their own niches.

A number of these games and those mentioned earlier and later in this section have even received mainstream press coverage[340]and commercial compilations,[341]and have helped to establish free gaming as a moderately popular pastime. MostprominentlyamongLinux[342]users and other freeUnix-likesystems such asBSD,[343]Solaris,[344]Darwin,[345]ToaruOS,[346]Xv6,[347]Fiwix,[348]Redox,[349][350]OpenHarmony,[351]andSerenityOS,[352]butalso someMacintosh[353]players and even a fewMicrosoft Windowsgamers.[354]As well, open source games have been made available forPalm OS,[355]Android,[356]andiOS[357]mobile devices. Additionally, these games provide options for a variety of alternative andhobbyist systems,[358]includingCP/M,[359]OS/2,[360][361]BeOS,[362][363]RISC OS,[364][365][366]QNX,[367]IRIX,[368][369]MenuetOS,[370]Phantom OS,[371]Genode,[372]HelenOS,[373]SkyOS,[374]TempleOS,[375]SymbOS,[376][377]FreeRTOS,[378]AmigaOS[379][380](plusWarpOS[381]), andMorphOS,[382]as well as later implementations such asFreeDOS,[383]ArcaOS,[384]ReactOS,[385]Haiku,[386][387]ZETA,[388]KolibriOS,[389]Syllable Desktop,[390]AmigaOS 4,[391]andAROS.[392][393]Particularly prolific is New Breed Software, which offers games for all or most of those systems,[394]as well as for vintage computers such as theAtari 8-bit,Atari ST,andAmiga,homebrewfor severalgame consolessuch as theSega Dreamcast,Sony PlayStation 2andNintendo Wii,handhelds such as theSony PSP,Nintendo DSandGP2X,as well as mobile platforms such as theAgenda VR3,OpenZaurus,Maemo,andSymbianOS.[395]

Bos Wars

Strategy and simulation games have been a prevalent force in free software gaming,[396]partly due to the lack of proprietary options for free software operating systems as compared to other genres likefirst-person shootersandrole-playing games.[48][397]XconqandXBattle,and laterFreecivandLincity,began the trend, and were followed by other clone titles likeFreeCol,UnCiv,[398]Crimson Fields,[399]C-evo,LordsAWar!,Freelords,Civil,[400]LGeneral,[401]Open General,[402]OpenPanzer,[403]OpenCity,OpenRTS,[404]TripleA,[405]Mars, Land of No Mercy,[406]Ophiuchus,[407]Mindustry,[408]Tanks of Freedom,[409]OpenRA,OpenRCT2,OpenTTD,Simutrans,StormWar,[410]Advanced Strategic Command,[411]Tenes Empanadas Graciela,Endgame: Singularity,Thousand Parsec,Unknown HorizonsandWidelands.

TheStratagusproject began as an attempt to recreate the proprietaryWarcraft IIengine, under the name FreeCraft.Blizzard Entertainmentsent acease and desistletter in 2003 over the use of the name "craft" in comparison toWarcraftandStarCraft.[412]Though the earlier free software strategy gameCRAFT: The Vicious Vikingsshared the name "craft" without controversy.[413]With the new, legally inoffensive name Stratagus and the old FreeCraft assets renamedAleona's Tales,the team began work on a new strategy game calledBos Wars.

Speed Dreams

Development on this game still continues, as well as the modernWarcraft IIportWargus.Other games branched out of the engine project as well such as theBattle for MandicorandAstroseriesprojects, theStarCraftport attemptStargus,and most recentlyWyrmsun.[414]After the Stratagus example, other real-time strategy games were developed, such asGlobulation 2,which experiments with game management mechanics, the similarly experimentalLiquid War,mutliplayer military gameTUD,[415]theclaymationbasedDark Oberon,[416]and the 3D projects0 A.D.(a former freeware project),Boson,[417]Battles of Antargis,[418]SpringandGlest.[342]

Racing games, another uncommon Linux commercial genre, have also seen development.[419]One of the earliest wasRARS,which evolved following the principle offorkingintoTORCSand thenSpeed Dreams.MicroRacers[420]andToy Cars[421]are inspired byMicro Machines,whileUltimate Stunts[422]andStunt Rally,[423]are rooted inStunts.Other racing games include versions ofRacer,VDrift,Rigs of Rods,Slune,[424]GLtronandArmagetron Advanced,YORG,[425]theMario Kart–inspiredSuperTuxKart,Elasto ManiacloneX-Moto,SkyRoadsimitatorOrbit-Hopper,[426]sledding gameExtreme Tux Racer,the text basedZRacer,[427]and the top-downTrophy,[428]Dust Racing 2DandPixel Wheels.[429]

One Hour One Life

WorldForge,Ryzom,Crossfire,Solipsis,Illarion,[430]andThe Mana World[431][432]are further examples of increasing diversification, offering freemassively multiplayer online role-playing gameworlds. Single-player role-playing games are also available, such asA Dark Room,Heroes of Allacrost,[433]Valyria Tear,[434]Empty Clip,[435]Summoning Wars,[436]GNU FreeDink,[437]FLARE,[438]Heroine Dusk,[439]FreedroidRPG,[440]theCube WorldinspiredVeloren,[441]and thePokémonderivedTuxemon,[442]OPMon,[443]andPigeon Ascent.[444]

The rise of theindependent game developmentin the 2000s and 2010s was partly driven by the growing ecosystem of open-source libraries and engines; indie developers utilized the open-source ecosystem due to goodcross-platformcapabilities and availability for limited financial burden.[5]Game jamssuch asLudum DareandGame Offare often run on open source principles, frequently using free frameworks such aspygame,Arcade,[445]Wasabi2D,[446]andRen'PyforPython,Ruby2D[447]andGosu[448]forRuby,GGEZ[449]forRust,LibGDXforJava,MiniGDX[450]forKotlin,LÖVEandSolar2DforLua,Ebitengine[451]forGo,Phaser,Panda,[452]andSuperPowerforHTML5,[453]as well asnCine,[454]Solarus,[455]Starling,MonoGame,Twine,andCocos2d.[456][457]Educational languages such asSnap!andScratchare also free software,[458][459]as isThe Wick Editoranimation and game creation tool.[460]Individual developers such asJason Rohrer,creator ofPassageandOne Hour One Life,andKenta Chohave embraced open source.[461]

Greater organization[edit]

SuperTuxKart

Despite its initial roots as individual projects, the free software gaming scene has been becoming progressively more organized. The roots of this even go back as far as the games created for the GNU Project and to the original larger-scale free software projects likeFreeciv.Still, for the most part free game development had very little organization throughout its history.[462]Popular games were generally separate efforts, except for instances of people working on them known for other projects such as Ingo Ruhnke (Pingus), Bill Kendrick (SuperTux) and Steve Baker (TuxKart).[463]Games were commonly found in directories such asThe Linux Game Tome[464]andFreshmeat[465]and hosted on sites likeSourceForge[466][467]andGNU Savannah,but they were largely only ever brought together in the form of disorganized lists.[468][469][470][471]Other projects and games existed purely on isolated personal or project websites, often unknown and ignored.[472]

GNOME Mines

The launch of theGNOMEandKDEdesktop projects in the late 1990s organized application and, to a certain extent, game development. Both attempts to create a more usableLinux desktopattracted volunteers to make utilities to that end. These programs included games, mostly recreations of small games likeMinesweeperorSolitairethat come with Microsoft Windows, arcade classics and the like, games from combined sets such asMicrosoft Entertainment Pack,and occasionally original ideas.[473]

The variety and amount of these games, and other free games easily found in software repositories, have had GNOME or KDE-enabled Linux called a better option forout of the boxcasual gamingthan Microsoft Windows.[474]They also provide games for otherUnix-likeoperating systems, such asBSDandSolaris.[475][476]Many such games are packaged into kdegames and the erstwhile GNOME Games package. Examples includeGNOME Aisleriot,GNOME Quadrapassel,GNOME Tetravex,GNOME Mines,GNOME Robots,GNOME Nibbles,andKTuberling,[477]KMahjongg,KGoldrunner,KBreakout,KsirK,plus the original gameKonquest.[478]Although designed primarily for application development, the underlyingGTK[479]andQt[480][481]toolkits have also been used broadly for game development, as havewxWidgets,[482]Tk,[483]andFLTK.[484]The availability offree game engines,such asStratagus,Pygame,[485]LÖVE,[486]andioquake3[487]have also helped unify free software development by making the engine projects themselves hubs of activity for games that make use of them.

The Battle for Wesnoth

TheBattle for Wesnothproject was started in 2003 and quickly became popular to both players and editors. It also showcased some new ideas when it came to free game development.[488]LikeFreecivbefore it, it utilized the efforts of the gaming andfree software communityand their code, levels and artwork contributions but it also accepted storyline contributions and ideas for the game's entirefictional universe.The game's canon is maintained through review and discussion over which submittedcampaignsbecome official, thus setting up a model for community input and organized results.[489]This helped the game grow in scale and popularity to the point of being almost saga-like in scope. In addition, the project is worked on by many well-known free programmers, artists, designers and musicians such as the co-founder of theOpen Source InitiativeEric S. Raymond,[490]and Linux kernelhackerRusty Russell.[491][492]Vega Strikehas similarly allowed its community to expand the game and the surrounding lore while maintaining canon consistency.[493]TheWesnothdevelopers also worked onFrogatto & Friends,which features a free engine but mostly proprietary game data.

Hubs and development teams[edit]

Lincity-NG

The general lack of unity and organization has created and continues to generate some controversy among the free software community, with problems of "reinventing the wheel"by making similar clones, games and multimedia resources being cited as a notable problem to free game development.[494]This is especially taking up more notice as other problems are corrected, such as a lack of tools, libraries, artists and coders. A more central knowledge bank, texture library, and discussion area had been lacking.[495]

Traditionally free software video games were developed as individual projects, some small scale and others larger scale.[213]Programmers and other developers did often work on other projects, but the whole system was very unlinked.[496]More recently free software development teams have started appearing, groups that function likesoftware companiesand create multiple pieces of work. Examples include the developerParallel Realities,which have released the gamesProject: Starfighter,The Legend of Edgar,Blob Wars: Metal Blob Solid,as well as its sequel,Blob Wars: Blob and Conquer.[497]

Tux Typing

The Linux Game Tome "Game of the Month" team was an open group of game developers that revamp old free software games. Some examples include the transformation ofTuxKartinto the more modernSuperTuxKart,work onPingusandSuperTux,andLincity-NG,an updated version ofLincitywith superior graphics.[498]A more recent project with similar goals exists called LibreGames, which has worked onJump 'n Bump,OpenAlchemistandFreeTumbleandJAG.[499]Identical Software has also worked to modernize various libre games, includingOstrich Riders,Shippy 1984,OpenAlchemist,Mojotron,Seahorse Adventures,Thrust,andMari0.[500][501]

OpenHV combines theCC licensedHard Vacuumassets with theOpenRAengine.[502]

PlayPoweris a non-profit organization founded in 2008 designed to create free educational computer software for low income families inIndiaand other developing countries. The Tux4Kids initiative also maintains various educational games featuring the child-friendly Tux character such asTux Paint,Tux, of Math Command,Tux Typingand related efforts.[503]TheGComprissuite is also available fromKDE,[504]and the activity centreChildsplayis also available.[505]

In recent years, content repositories such asOpenGameArt.org,Wikimedia Commons,Openclipart,andThe Freesound Projecthave enabled developers to easily find appropriately-licensed content rather than relying onprogrammer art.[506][507]Such content is often underCreative Commons licensesor those in the GNU GPL family,[508]easily facilitating use by most free software projects.[509][510]OpenGameArt.org is also affiliated with related websites such as Libregamewiki,[267]a database of purely libre games, the Free Gamer blog[511]and the FreeGameDev forums.[512][513][514]

GitHub,GitLabandGiteanow hosts a significant amount of free and open-source games.[515][516][517] Theitch.ioservice is also a host for many open source games, and also features an open source client.[518]The same is true for competitorGame Jolt,[519]and was also the case for former distributorDesura.[520]A number of open source games have even been made available onSteam.[521][522][523]Many free software games are also available fromFlathubandSnap.

See also[edit]

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  363. ^Zinoune, M. (2011)."Let 'The Battle for Wesnoth' continue with latest version 1.9.9".Unixmen.Retrieved4 March2023.It is multi-platform game, which is easy to install on Windows to MacOSX and open source platform such as FreeBSD, Open BSD, NetBSD and now historic BeOS.
  364. ^"Games".riscos.info.Retrieved26 April2023.
  365. ^"Packages in category: Games".RISCOS.info.Retrieved4 March2023.
  366. ^Cloverleaf RISC OS."RISC OS - Build the future OS for your power-saving computer".Kickstarter.Retrieved4 March2023.In addition to games in these emulators, a plethora of games have been ported to RISC OS from Linux and other platforms
  367. ^Williams, Al (3 May 2017)."Your Next Desktop… QNX?".Hackaday.Retrieved5 March2023.The rest of the adventure went fairly well. He managed to build SDL and port over some games.
  368. ^"SGI - Freeware - Games".Archived fromthe originalon 20 March 2007.Retrieved4 March2023.
  369. ^"SuperTuxKart IRIX Screenshots".SupterTuxKart.de.Retrieved4 March2023.
  370. ^Petkauska, Vilius (28 September 2021)."Forget Windows, Apples, and Penguins: enter a world of 'lost' OSs".CyberNews.Impressively, MenuetOS is no thought experiment. To illustrate the point, the operating system ships with shareware versions of legendary games 'Quake' and 'Doom'.
  371. ^Zavalishin, Dmitry."phantomuserland - apps".GitHub.Retrieved25 April2023.doom... quake... tetris...
  372. ^"Port of libSDL to Genode".Genode.23 January 2009.Retrieved26 April2023.
  373. ^"HelenOS Command Reference".HelenOS.Retrieved25 April2023.tetris - Fork of BSD Tetris game
  374. ^Dominikowski, Tomasz (4 September 2006)."SkyOS Beta Build 6179 Released".OSNews.Retrieved24 April2023.This new build also includes new ports, such as Quake III, Python, SDL with OpenGL support, and much more.
  375. ^Whitham, Jack (6 July 2015)."Porting third-party programs to TempleOS".Retrieved25 March2023.Without graphics support, the proof-of-concept application is quite limited in what it can do. I therefore chose to port "frotz". This is an interpreter for Z-machine games. The system requirements are minimal, but it can be used to play perhaps thousands of "interactive fiction" (text adventure) games.
  376. ^"Games for SymbOS".SymbOS.Retrieved25 April2023.
  377. ^"SymbOS - A rather impressive Z80 multitasking operating system gets a new release".Indie Retro News.7 January 2022.Retrieved25 April2023.You can not only play the latest 8bit version of Doom converted by Prodatron, but many other games such as Sakoban, 2048 and yes even Flappy Bird via this graphically impressive Z80 operating system.
  378. ^Styger, Erich (2 December 2018)."Playing Zork with FreeRTOS on ARM in three different Ways".MCU on Eclipse.I started my port of Zork for the NXP FRDM-K64F board using the port from Thomas Shane. You can find my port for the FRDM-K64F on GitHub (links at the end of this article). It should be fairly simple to port it to any other board. The game code has been converted to C using a converter (so the code looks rather ugly with lots of goto statements).
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  380. ^"Simutrans: Free and Open Source Transport Simulation Game".From Linux.13 April 2022.Retrieved4 March2023.Simutrans is an open source simulation game under the Artistic License 1.0 for Windows, AmigaOS, BeOS, Mac OS X and Linux that focuses on freight, passenger, mail and energy transport.
  381. ^"Stratagus port for AmigaOS 3 with WarpOS".Amninet.21 February 2019.Retrieved4 March2023.
  382. ^"Games".MorphOS Library.20 December 2009.Retrieved4 March2023.Many open source games have been ported to MorphOS, including several commercial games whose sources have been released, like id Software masterpieces Wolfenstein 3D, Doom, Doom II, Quake, Quake II and Quake III.
  383. ^"FreeDOS 1.2 Updates - Games".ibiblio.31 July 2022.Retrieved5 March2023.
  384. ^Smedley, Paul."Unix Ports for OS/2 & ArcaOS".Retrieved4 March2023.
  385. ^"The popular open source Mario-style game arrives in its new version SuperTux 0.6.1".Ubunlog.17 December 2019.Retrieved4 March2023.The game was originally released for Linux, Windows, ReactOS, Mac OS X. Versions for other computers include FreeBSD, BeOS, among others.
  386. ^Bergseth (2018)."Haiku operating system: porting applications and creating packages".Sudo Null IT News.Retrieved4 March2023.
  387. ^Bergseth, Michal (6 May 2016)."OpenTTD is out for open source BeOS, Haiku".Distrita.Retrieved4 March2023.
  388. ^Holwerda, Thom (19 March 2007)."Review: Zeta 1.5".OSNews.Retrieved1 May2023.Magnussoft also included a few emulators (including graphical frontends) in this release, two of which I want to highlight: DOSbox and Qemu. Using the DosBox emulator, I was able to play some old DOS games (Keen!), even though I had to edit the DOSbox config file in order to get some decent performance. The QemuVM frontend had problems in that it would not work correctly when using physical disks instead of image files.
  389. ^Petkauska, Vilius (28 September 2021)."Forget Windows, Apples, and Penguins: enter a world of 'lost' OSs".CyberNews.Kolibri features a rich set of applications that include a word processor, image viewer, graphical editor, web browser, and well over 30 exciting games, "states the authors of the operating system.
  390. ^"5 alternatives to Microsoft Windows".The Economic Times.30 May 2016.Retrieved4 March2023.Some of the other things you can download for free include games, rescue software and a VNC viewer.
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  393. ^Rosen, Jeffrey (27 June 2010)."Lugaru comes to the Amiga".Wolfire Games.Retrieved4 March2023.
  394. ^Wilson, Hamish (12 September 2022)."Building a Retro Linux Gaming Computer - Part 18: Run Away and Join the Circus".GamingOnLinux.Retrieved4 March2023.Bill Kendrick has also created a number of other arcade conversions, edutainment, and experimental software toys which he ports to the widest possible range of platforms, all of which can still be found on the New Breed Software website.
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  396. ^MrCopilot (19 December 2007)."Free RTS: Open Source Gamer's Guide to Free Real Time Strategy Games".Yahoo! Voices.Archived fromthe originalon 29 June 2012.Retrieved20 July2022.
  397. ^Rankin, Dave (18 July 2019)."5 Open Source First-Person Shooter Video Games".Lifewire.Retrieved4 February2023.
  398. ^Dawe, Liam (7 January 2020)."UnCiv, a free and open source remake of Civilization V".GamingOnLinux.Retrieved6 February2023.
  399. ^Mackey, Dave (15 August 2012)."Crimson Fields Open Source War Strategy Game".FreeWargamer.Retrieved15 March2023.
  400. ^"Civil 0.83 review".Nixbit.Retrieved21 March2023.
  401. ^"LGeneral 1.2 Beta12 review".Nixbit.Retrieved21 March2023.
  402. ^Williams, Mike (2015)."Open General and OpenPanzer are classic turn-based strategy games".BetaNews.Retrieved15 March2023.
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  405. ^Paul, John (29 October 2019)."TripleA - An Open Source Strategy Game to Keep You Busy for Hours".It's FOSS.Retrieved6 February2023.
  406. ^"Mars, Land of No Mercy 0.2.0 review".Nixbit.Retrieved21 March2023.
  407. ^"Ophiuchus 0.3.2.1 review".Nixbit.Retrieved21 March2023.
  408. ^Dawe, Liam (10 December 2018)."Mindustry, an open source sandbox Tower Defense game that's a little like Factorio".GamingOnLinux.Retrieved6 February2023.
  409. ^Dawe, Liam (11 October 2015)."Have You Tried Tanks Of Freedom? An Open Source Strategy Game".GamingOnLinux.Retrieved6 February2023.
  410. ^"StormWar 0.15.1 review".Nixbit.Retrieved21 March2023.
  411. ^Mackey, Dave (7 August 2012)."Advanced Strategic Command – An Open Source Turn-Based Strategy Game".FreeWargamer.Retrieved15 March2023.
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  414. ^Dawe, Liam (11 November 2015)."Wyrmsun, A 2D RTS Game Inspired By The Classics, On SteamOS & Linux".GamingOnLinux.Retrieved2 February2023.
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  421. ^"Toy Cars 0.3.2 review".Nixbit.Retrieved11 February2023.
  422. ^"Ultimate Stunts 0.6.3.1 review".Nixbit.Retrieved11 February2023.
  423. ^Dawe, Liam (11 May 2014)."Stunt Rally Has A New Version Released With New Tracks, New Graphics & More".GamingOnLinux.Retrieved3 February2023.
  424. ^"Slune 1.0.10 review".Nixbit.Retrieved12 February2023.
  425. ^Dawe, Liam (15 March 2018)."Yorg, a free and open source racing game with some hilarious handling".GamingOnLinux.Retrieved3 February2023.
  426. ^"Orbit-Hopper 1.13 review".Nixbit.Retrieved6 February2023.
  427. ^"ZRacer 1.0 review".Nixbit.Retrieved12 February2023.
  428. ^Doane, J. Neil (6 June 2001)."Open-Source Gaming for Linux".Linux Journal.Archived fromthe originalon 28 June 2001.Retrieved8 February2023.
  429. ^Manikandan (9 November 2022)."Pixel Wheels Retro Top-Down Race Game".connectWWW.com.Retrieved6 February2023.
  430. ^Hindman, Beau (17 June 2012)."Rise and Shiny: Illarion".Engadget.Retrieved8 February2023.
  431. ^"The Mana World Review: Open-Source MMO".OnRPG.24 December 2009.Retrieved6 February2023.
  432. ^Stieben, Danny (21 October 2013)."The Mana World: An Open Source MMORPG For All Platforms".MakeUseOf.Retrieved6 February2023.
  433. ^Rilogator (21 August 2018)."Hero of Allacrost — Developer Interview".Launch Party Gaming.Retrieved7 February2023.
  434. ^"Valyria Tear – Free 2D JRPG Game with medieval-fantasy theme".FOSS Games.11 March 2022.Retrieved11 February2023.
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  436. ^Manikandan (9 November 2011)."Summoning Wars – free role-playing game".connectWWW.com.Retrieved12 February2023.
  437. ^Larabel, Michael (16 February 2019)."GNU's RPG/Adventure Game Updated For SDL2, Defaults To OpenGL Rendering".Phoronix.Retrieved12 February2023.
  438. ^Sykes, Tom (27 September 2012)."Flare: a free open source RPG with tons of potential".PC Gamer.Retrieved8 February2023.
  439. ^Sahdev, Ishaan (19 May 2013)."Heroine Dusk, A Retro Style Dungeon Crawler Right In Your Browser".Siliconera.Retrieved7 February2023.
  440. ^Dawe, Liam (23 January 2023)."Free open source RPG 'FreedroidRPG' arrives on Steam".GamingOnLinux.Retrieved3 February2023.
  441. ^Dawe, Liam (25 April 2021)."Veloren, an open source RPG inspired by Cube World has a new release".GamingOnLinux.Retrieved6 February2023.
  442. ^Manikandan (6 August 2022)."Tuxemon Open Source Monster Fighting Turn-based RPG Game".connectWWW.com.Retrieved6 February2023.
  443. ^Toro, Luigys (17 November 2021)."OPMon: A Pokemon-Inspired Adventure Game for Linux".From Linux.Retrieved7 February2023.
  444. ^Payne, Dennis (26 March 2018)."From Godot to RPM".Fedora Magazine.Retrieved7 February2023.
  445. ^Vincent Craven, Paul (24 April 2018)."How to create a 2D game with Python and the Arcade library".Opensource.com.Retrieved28 March2023.
  446. ^Sheikh, Aqsa (2 August 2022)."21 Python Game Engines in 2023".Retrieved25 March2023.
  447. ^Ex, John (19 October 2020)."Finally a Ruby 2d guide!!!".Medium.Retrieved25 March2023.
  448. ^"The Ruby Unbundled Series: Creating Games with Gosu".Engine Yard.18 March 2022.Retrieved25 March2023.
  449. ^Banerjee, Amarabha (22 September 2018)."Rust as a Game Programming Language: Is it any good?".Packt Hub.Retrieved28 March2023.
  450. ^"MiniGDX Kotlin Game Development Framework".GameFromScratch.14 May 2021.Retrieved26 March2023.
  451. ^Smith, James (22 December 2021)."Creating Cool Games With Ebiten".Retrieved26 March2023.
  452. ^Delgado, Carlos (15 June 2020)."Top 15: Best open source javascript game engines".Retrieved25 March2023.
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  454. ^Larabel, Michael (1 June 2019)."nCine Is An Interesting Open-Source 2D Game Engine".Phoronix.Retrieved26 March2023.
  455. ^Famularo, Jessica (14 April 2020)."Zelda's most dedicated fan game developers built an engine anyone can use".PC Gamer.Retrieved26 March2023.
  456. ^Finley, Klint (18 October 2022)."Open source is democratizing video game development".GitHub.Retrieved5 February2023.
  457. ^Elmenreich, Wilfried (27 April 2018)."How to Game Jam".Opensource.com.Retrieved5 February2023.
  458. ^Sprague, Jared (21 December 2017)."How I designed a game with Scratch".Opensource.com.Retrieved30 January2023.
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  460. ^Guhlin, Miguel (12 March 2020)."Animate Learning with The Wick Editor".TechNotes Blog.Conference for Educational Coaches.Retrieved16 September2023.
  461. ^Dawe, Liam (16 March 2018)."The developer of One Hour One Life on keeping games code & assets open and not launching on Steam".GamingOnLinux.Retrieved3 February2023.
  462. ^Sogge Heggen, Erlend (8 February 2011)."Open source games: It's a team effort".Opensource.com.Retrieved5 February2023.
  463. ^Wilson, Hamish (12 September 2022)."Building a Retro Linux Gaming Computer - Part 18: Run Away and Join the Circus".GamingOnLinux.Retrieved2 February2023.He is most famous for starting work on the platformer SuperTux and crafting the drawing program Tux Paint, helping to popularize Tux as a gaming icon with others in the Tux4Kids initiative, all alongside the work of people like Steve Baker and Ingo Ruhnke.
  464. ^Gasperson, Tina (16 December 2004)."Site review: Linux Game Tome".Linux.com.Retrieved19 February2023.LGT sponsors annual awards where members of the site vote for the best free and non-free games of the year. A "miscellaneous" category also singles out the best sounds, emulators, toys, and the most promising Linux game project. The current top free game is Frozen Bubble, and the favorite commercial game is Quake 3 Arena.
  465. ^Bar, Joe (21 July 2000)."Procrastinate with these Linux games".CNN.Archived fromthe originalon 7 October 2009.Retrieved19 February2023.Freshmeat was the focal point of my search. With over 300 games listed in the X11 section and 200 in the console section, it provided more games than I could possibly evaluate. Naturally, since I want instant gratification of my need for fun, I tended to look only at those with stable releases.
  466. ^Kerabat, Didip (27 August 2007)."Sourceforge: Games: Most downloaded projects…".RAPD.Retrieved19 February2023.
  467. ^Bolton, David (11 July 2020)."More open source games on Sourceforge.net".Learn C Games Programming Blog.Retrieved20 February2023.
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  469. ^Saive, Anusha (21 July 2021)."The Best Open Source Games for Linux".FOSS Mint.Retrieved4 February2023.
  470. ^Zinoune, M."19 Awesome Open Source Games for Linux".Unixmen.Retrieved4 February2023.
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  472. ^Anderton, Kevin (23 February 2021)."The Problem With Open-Source Game Development".Forbes.Retrieved4 February2023.
  473. ^Kenlon, Seth (26 February 2022)."My favorite casual games to play on Linux".Opensource.com.Retrieved1 May2023.These aren't by any means the only two games from the KDE project. There are many others, including card games, tile games, and arcade games. The nice thing about the KDE Games package is that they contain games you're happy to walk away from at a moment's notice, and they only require about a fourth of your attention. I use these to kill time while compiling code. Sometimes I don't get a full game in, but I always appreciate the subtle shift in mental gears.
  474. ^Mills, Ashton (17 September 2007)."Open Source Challenge part 9: Gaming".APC.Archived fromthe originalon 16 January 2010.Retrieved20 July2022.Thanks to open source, there are actually quite a few fun and free games to download and for which the Ubuntu repositories have a fine selection. From the Applications > Add/Remove menu there's a whole range of games from the basic classics like Nethack and Frozen Bubble through to 3D accelerated gems like Chromium and Neverball. I played all of these. And then I played some more. And then some more. How do they make these so damn addictive? They're not blockbusters, but they beat the pants off the free games bundled in Windows, and will keep you occupied for many hours longer. Good deal for the price point.
  475. ^Lucas, Michael (22 March 2001)."FreeBSD Gaming".ONLamp.Archived fromthe originalon 20 January 2018.Retrieved9 July2023.If you're running KDE or Gnome, you already have a few simple games installed. I'm not a fan of either desktop -- both strike me as bloated and obtuse -- but their games packages are a nice way to pick up a dozen simple favorites such as Solitaire, Asteroids, and Tetris.
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External links[edit]

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Open-source_video_game&oldid=1230260826#Greater_organization"