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General Assembly of the Ottoman Empire

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General Assembly

مجلس عمومی
Coat of arms or logo
Type
Type
HousesSenate
Chamber of Deputies
History
Founded23 December 1876[1][2]
23 July 1908[1][2]
Disbanded14 February 1878[1][2]
11 April 1920[1][2]
Preceded byDivan-ı Hümayun
Succeeded by
Structure
Meeting place
Dolmabahçe Palace(1876–1878)
Darülfünûn building(1876–1878; 1908)
Çırağan Palace(1909)
Cemile Sultan Palace(1910–1920)
Delegation of the Ottoman Parliament to Abdul Hamid II.

TheGeneral Assembly[3](Ottoman Turkish:مجلس عمومی,romanized:Meclis-i Umûmî;French romanization: "Medjliss Oumoumi" orGenel Parlamento;French:Assemblée Générale) was the first attempt atrepresentative democracyby theimperial governmentof theOttoman Empire.Also known as theOttoman Parliament(French:Parlement Ottoman[4]), it was located inConstantinople(Istanbul) and was composed oftwo houses:an upper house (Senate,Meclis-i Âyân), and a lower house (Chamber of Deputies,Meclis-i Mebusân).[5]

The General Assembly wasfirst constituted on 23 December 1876and initially lasted until 14 February 1878, when it was dissolved bySultanAbdul Hamid II.[1][2]

As a result of theYoung Turk Revolutionwhich brought substantial reforms and larger participation bypolitical parties,the General Assembly was revived 30 years later, on 23 July 1908, with theSecond Constitutional Era.[1][2]The Second Constitutional Era ended on 11 April 1920, when the General Assembly was dissolved by theAlliesduring theoccupation of Constantinoplein the aftermath ofWorld War I.[1][2]

Many members of the dissolved Ottoman Parliament in Constantinople later became members of theGrand National Assembly of TurkeyinAnkara(known in English as Angora in the Ottoman and pre-1930 Republic eras), which was established on 23 April 1920, during theTurkish War of Independence.[1][2]

  • A postcard depicting the opening of the new Parliament in 1908.
    A postcard depicting the opening of the new Parliament in 1908.
  • A postcard depicting a meeting of the Parliament in 1914.
    A postcard depicting a meeting of the Parliament in 1914.
  • The Ottoman Parliament in 1877.
    The Ottoman Parliament in 1877.
  • The Ottoman Parliament in 1908.
    The Ottoman Parliament in 1908.

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^abcdefgh"Meclis-i Mebusan (Mebuslar Meclisi)".Tarihi Olaylar.
  2. ^abcdefgh"Meclis-i Mebusan nedir? Ne zaman kurulmuştur?".Sabah. 19 January 2017.
  3. ^Article. 42 of the Constitution
  4. ^Legislation ottomaneVolume 5:https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/67/L%C3%A9gislation_ottomane_ou_Recueil_des_Aristarchi-Bey_Gr%C3%A9goire_Tome5.pdfp. 295 (PDF p. 299/370)
  5. ^Rainer Grote; Tilmann Röder (16 February 2012).Constitutionalism in Islamic Countries: Between Upheaval and Continuity.Oxford University Press. p. 328.ISBN978-0-19-975988-0.
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