General Assembly of the Ottoman Empire
General Assembly مجلس عمومی | |
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Type | |
Type | |
Houses | Senate Chamber of Deputies |
History | |
Founded | 23 December 1876[1][2] 23 July 1908[1][2] |
Disbanded | 14 February 1878[1][2] 11 April 1920[1][2] |
Preceded by | Divan-ı Hümayun |
Succeeded by |
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Structure | |
Meeting place | |
Dolmabahçe Palace(1876–1878) Darülfünûn building(1876–1878; 1908) Çırağan Palace(1909) Cemile Sultan Palace(1910–1920) |
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Delegation_to_Abdul_Hamid_II.jpg/250px-Delegation_to_Abdul_Hamid_II.jpg)
TheGeneral Assembly[3](Ottoman Turkish:مجلس عمومی,romanized:Meclis-i Umûmî;French romanization: "Medjliss Oumoumi" orGenel Parlamento;French:Assemblée Générale) was the first attempt atrepresentative democracyby theimperial governmentof theOttoman Empire.Also known as theOttoman Parliament(French:Parlement Ottoman[4]), it was located inConstantinople(Istanbul) and was composed oftwo houses:an upper house (Senate,Meclis-i Âyân), and a lower house (Chamber of Deputies,Meclis-i Mebusân).[5]
The General Assembly wasfirst constituted on 23 December 1876and initially lasted until 14 February 1878, when it was dissolved bySultanAbdul Hamid II.[1][2]
As a result of theYoung Turk Revolutionwhich brought substantial reforms and larger participation bypolitical parties,the General Assembly was revived 30 years later, on 23 July 1908, with theSecond Constitutional Era.[1][2]The Second Constitutional Era ended on 11 April 1920, when the General Assembly was dissolved by theAlliesduring theoccupation of Constantinoplein the aftermath ofWorld War I.[1][2]
Many members of the dissolved Ottoman Parliament in Constantinople later became members of theGrand National Assembly of TurkeyinAnkara(known in English as Angora in the Ottoman and pre-1930 Republic eras), which was established on 23 April 1920, during theTurkish War of Independence.[1][2]
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A postcard depicting the opening of the new Parliament in 1908.
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A postcard depicting a meeting of the Parliament in 1914.
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The Ottoman Parliament in 1877.
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The Ottoman Parliament in 1908.
See also[edit]
- Senate of the Ottoman Empire,the upper house
- Chamber of Deputies of the Ottoman Empire,the lower house
- History of the Ottoman Empire
- Ottoman constitution of 1876
- First Constitutional Era
- Second Constitutional Era
- Grand National Assembly of Turkey
- The Ottomans: Europe's Muslim Emperors
References[edit]
- ^abcdefgh"Meclis-i Mebusan (Mebuslar Meclisi)".Tarihi Olaylar.
- ^abcdefgh"Meclis-i Mebusan nedir? Ne zaman kurulmuştur?".Sabah. 19 January 2017.
- ^Article. 42 of the Constitution
- ^Legislation ottomaneVolume 5:https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/67/L%C3%A9gislation_ottomane_ou_Recueil_des_Aristarchi-Bey_Gr%C3%A9goire_Tome5.pdfp. 295 (PDF p. 299/370)
- ^Rainer Grote; Tilmann Röder (16 February 2012).Constitutionalism in Islamic Countries: Between Upheaval and Continuity.Oxford University Press. p. 328.ISBN978-0-19-975988-0.