List of geometers
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| Geometers |
Ageometeris amathematicianwhose area of study isgeometry.
Some notable geometers and their main fields of work, chronologically listed, are:
1000 BCE to 1 BCE[edit]
- Baudhayana(fl. c. 800 BC) –Euclidean geometry
- Manava(c. 750 BC–690 BC) –Euclidean geometry
- Thales of Miletus(c. 624 BC – c. 546 BC) –Euclidean geometry
- Pythagoras(c. 570 BC – c. 495 BC) –Euclidean geometry,Pythagorean theorem
- Zeno of Elea(c. 490 BC – c. 430 BC) –Euclidean geometry
- Hippocrates of Chios(born c. 470 – 410 BC) – first systematically organizedStoicheia– Elements(geometry textbook)
- Mozi(c. 468 BC – c. 391 BC)
- Plato(427–347 BC)
- Theaetetus(c. 417 BC – 369 BC)
- Autolycus of Pitane(360–c. 290 BC) –astronomy,spherical geometry
- Euclid(fl. 300 BC) –Elements,Euclidean geometry(sometimes called the "father of geometry" )
- Apollonius of Perga(c. 262 BC – c. 190 BC) –Euclidean geometry,conic sections
- Archimedes(c. 287 BC – c. 212 BC) –Euclidean geometry
- Eratosthenes(c. 276 BC – c. 195/194 BC) –Euclidean geometry
- Katyayana(c. 3rd century BC) –Euclidean geometry
1–1300 AD[edit]
- Hero of Alexandria(c. AD 10–70) –Euclidean geometry
- Pappus of Alexandria(c. AD 290–c. 350) –Euclidean geometry,projective geometry
- Hypatia of Alexandria(c. AD 370–c. 415) –Euclidean geometry
- Brahmagupta(597–668) –Euclidean geometry,cyclic quadrilaterals
- Vergilius of Salzburg(c.700–784) – Irish bishop ofAghaboe,Ossoryand laterSalzburg,Austria;antipodes,andastronomy
- Al-Abbās ibn Said al-Jawharī(c. 800–c. 860)
- Thabit ibn Qurra(826–901) –analytic geometry,non-Euclidean geometry,conic sections
- Abu'l-Wáfa(940–998) –spherical geometry,spherical triangles
- Alhazen(965–c. 1040)
- Omar Khayyam(1048–1131) –algebraic geometry,conic sections
- Ibn Maḍāʾ(1116–1196)
1301–1800 AD[edit]
 Leonardo da Vinci |
 Johannes Kepler |
 Girard Desargues |
 René Descartes |
 Blaise Pascal |
 Isaac Newton |
 Leonhard Euler |
 Carl Gauss |
 August Möbius |
 Nikolai Lobachevsky |
 John Playfair |
 Jakob Steiner |
- Piero della Francesca(1415–1492)
- Leonardo da Vinci(1452–1519) –Euclidean geometry
- Jyesthadeva(c. 1500 – c. 1610) –Euclidean geometry,cyclic quadrilaterals
- Marin Getaldić(1568–1626)
- Jacques-François Le Poivre(1652–1710) – projective geometry
- Johannes Kepler(1571–1630) – (used geometric ideas in astronomical work)
- Edmund Gunter(1581–1686)
- Girard Desargues(1591–1661) –projective geometry;Desargues' theorem
- René Descartes(1596–1650) – invented the methodology ofanalytic geometry,also calledCartesian geometryafter him
- Pierre de Fermat(1607–1665) –analytic geometry
- Blaise Pascal(1623–1662) –projective geometry
- Christiaan Huygens(1629–1695) –evolute
- Giordano Vitale(1633–1711)
- Philippe de La Hire(1640–1718) –projective geometry
- Isaac Newton(1642–1727) – 3rd-degreealgebraic curve
- Giovanni Ceva(1647–1734) –Euclidean geometry
- Johann Jacob Heber(1666–1727) – surveyor and geometer
- Giovanni Gerolamo Saccheri(1667–1733) –non-Euclidean geometry
- Leonhard Euler(1707–1783)
- Tobias Mayer(1723–1762)
- Johann Heinrich Lambert(1728–1777) –non-Euclidean geometry
- Gaspard Monge(1746–1818) –descriptive geometry
- John Playfair(1748–1819) –Euclidean geometry
- Lazare Nicolas Marguerite Carnot(1753–1823) –projective geometry
- Joseph Diaz Gergonne(1771–1859) –projective geometry;Gergonne point
- Carl Friedrich Gauss(1777–1855) –Theorema Egregium
- Louis Poinsot(1777–1859)
- Siméon Denis Poisson(1781–1840)
- Jean-Victor Poncelet(1788–1867) –projective geometry
- Augustin-Louis Cauchy(1789–1857)
- August Ferdinand Möbius(1790–1868) –Euclidean geometry
- Nikolai Ivanovich Lobachevsky(1792–1856) –hyperbolic geometry,anon-Euclidean geometry
- Michel Chasles(1793–1880) –projective geometry
- Germinal Dandelin(1794–1847) –Dandelin spheresinconic sections
- Jakob Steiner(1796–1863) – champion ofsynthetic geometrymethodology,projective geometry,Euclidean geometry
1801–1900 AD[edit]
 Julius Plücker |
 Arthur Cayley |
 Bernhard Riemann |
 Richard Dedekind |
 Max Noether |
 Felix Klein |
 Hermann Minkowski |
 Henri Poincaré |
 Evgraf Fedorov |
- Karl Wilhelm Feuerbach(1800–1834) –Euclidean geometry
- Julius Plücker(1801–1868)
- János Bolyai(1802–1860) –hyperbolic geometry,anon-Euclidean geometry
- Christian Heinrich von Nagel(1803–1882) –Euclidean geometry
- Johann Benedict Listing(1808–1882) –topology
- Hermann Günther Grassmann(1809–1877) –exterior algebra
- Ludwig Otto Hesse(1811–1874) –algebraic invariantsandgeometry
- Ludwig Schlafli(1814–1895) –Regular 4-polytope
- Pierre Ossian Bonnet(1819–1892) –differential geometry
- Arthur Cayley(1821–1895)
- Joseph Bertrand(1822–1900)
- Delfino Codazzi(1824–1873) –differential geometry
- Bernhard Riemann(1826–1866) –elliptic geometry(anon-Euclidean geometry) andRiemannian geometry
- Julius Wilhelm Richard Dedekind(1831–1916)
- Ludwig Burmester(1840–1927) – theory oflinkages
- Edmund Hess(1843–1903)
- Albert Victor Bäcklund(1845–1922)
- Max Noether(1844–1921) –algebraic geometry
- Henri Brocard(1845–1922) –Brocard points
- William Kingdon Clifford(1845–1879) –geometric algebra
- Pieter Hendrik Schoute(1846–1923)
- Felix Klein(1849–1925)
- Sofia Vasilyevna Kovalevskaya(1850–1891)
- Evgraf Fedorov(1853–1919)
- Henri Poincaré(1854–1912)
- Luigi Bianchi(1856–1928) –differential geometry
- Alicia Boole Stott(1860–1940)
- Hermann Minkowski(1864–1909) –non-Euclidean geometry
- Henry Frederick Baker(1866–1956) –algebraic geometry
- Élie Cartan(1869–1951)
- Dmitri Egorov(1869–1931) –differential geometry
- Veniamin Kagan(1869–1953)
- Raoul Bricard(1870–1944) –descriptive geometry
- Ernst Steinitz(1871–1928) –Steinitz's theorem
- Marcel Grossmann(1878–1936)
- Oswald Veblen(1880–1960) –projective geometry,differential geometry
- Nathan Altshiller Court(1881–1968) – author ofCollege Geometry
- Emmy Noether(1882–1935) –algebraic topology
- Harry Clinton Gossard(1884–1954)
- Arthur Rosenthal(1887–1959)
- Helmut Hasse(1898–1979) –algebraic geometry
1901–present[edit]
H. S. M. Coxeter |
 Ernst Witt |
 Benoit Mandelbrot |
 Branko Grünbaum |
 Michael Atiyah |
 J. H. Conway |
 William Thurston |
 Mikhail Gromov |
 George W. Hart |
 Shing-Tung Yau |
 Károly Bezdek |
 Grigori Perelman |
 Denis Auroux |
- William Vallance Douglas Hodge(1903–1975)
- Patrick du Val(1903–1987)
- Beniamino Segre(1903–1977) –combinatorial geometry
- J. C. P. Miller(1906–1981)
- André Weil(1906–1998) –Algebraic geometry
- H. S. M. Coxeter(1907–2003) – theory ofpolytopes,non-Euclidean geometry,projective geometry
- J. A. Todd(1908–1994)
- Daniel Pedoe(1910–1998)
- Shiing-Shen Chern(1911–2004) –differential geometry
- Ernst Witt(1911–1991)
- Rafael Artzy(1912–2006)
- Aleksandr Danilovich Aleksandrov(1912–1999)
- László Fejes Tóth(1915–2005)
- Edwin Evariste Moise(1918–1998)
- Aleksei Pogorelov(1919–2002) – differential geometry
- Magnus Wenninger(1919–2017) –polyhedron models
- Jean-Louis Koszul(1921–2018)
- Isaak Yaglom(1921–1988)
- Eugenio Calabi(1923–2023)
- Benoit Mandelbrot(1924–2010) –fractal geometry
- Katsumi Nomizu(1924–2008) –affine differential geometry
- Michael S. Longuet-Higgins(1925–2016)
- John Leech(1926–1992)
- Alexander Grothendieck(1928–2014) –algebraic geometry
- Branko Grünbaum(1929–2018) –discrete geometry
- Michael Atiyah(1929–2019)
- Lev Semenovich Pontryagin(1908–1988)
- Geoffrey Colin Shephard(1927–2016)
- Norman W. Johnson(1930–2017)
- John Milnor(1931–)
- Roger Penrose(1931–)
- Yuri Manin(1937–2023) –algebraic geometryanddiophantine geometry
- Vladimir Arnold(1937–2010) –algebraic geometry
- Ernest Vinberg(1937–2020)
- J. H. Conway(1937–2020) –sphere packing,recreational geometry
- Robin Hartshorne(1938–) – geometry, algebraic geometry
- Phillip Griffiths(1938–) –algebraic geometry,differential geometry
- Enrico Bombieri(1940–) –algebraic geometry
- Robert Williams(1942–)
- Peter McMullen(1942–)
- Richard S. Hamilton(1943–) –differential geometry,Ricci flow,Poincaré conjecture
- Mikhail Gromov(1943–)
- Rudy Rucker(1946–)
- William Thurston(1946–2012)
- Shing-Tung Yau(1949–)
- Michael Freedman(1951–)
- Egon Schulte(1955–) –polytopes
- George W. Hart(1955–) – sculptor
- Károly Bezdek(1955–) –discrete geometry,sphere packing,Euclidean geometry,non-Euclidean geometry
- Simon Donaldson(1957–)
- Kenji Fukaya(1959–) – symplectic geometry
- Oh Yong-Geun(1961–)
- Toshiyuki Kobayashi(1962–)
- Hiraku Nakajima(1962–) – representation theory and geometry
- Hwang Jun-Muk(1963–) – algebraic geometry, differential geometry
- Grigori Perelman(1966–) –Poincaré conjecture
- Maryam Mirzakhani(1977–2017)
- Denis Auroux(1977–)
Geometers in art[edit]
 God as architect of the world,1220–1230, fromBible moralisée |
 Kepler'sPlatonic solidmodel of planetary spacing in theSolar SystemfromMysterium Cosmographicum(1596) |
 The Ancient of Days,1794, byWilliam Blake,with the compass as a symbol for divine order |
 Newton(1795), byWilliam Blake;here, Newton is depicted critically as a "divine geometer".[2] |
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^Bill Casselman."One of the Oldest Extant Diagrams from Euclid".University of British Columbia.Retrieved2008-09-26.
- ^"Newton, object 1 (Butlin 306)" Newton "".William Blake Archive.September 25, 2013.