GJ 1132 b
![]() Size comparison of GJ 1132 b with Earth | |
Discovery[1] | |
---|---|
Discovered by | MEarth-South Array Team |
Discovery site | ![]() |
Discovery date | May 10, 2015 (announced)[2]November 12, 2015 (confirmed)[3] |
Transit | |
Orbital characteristics[4] | |
0.0153±0.0005AU | |
Eccentricity | <0.22 |
1.6289304(13)d[5] | |
Inclination | 86.58°±0.63°[6] |
Semi-amplitude | 2.85±0.34m/s |
Star | GJ 1132 |
Physical characteristics[4] | |
1.130±0.056R🜨 | |
Mass | 1.66±0.23M🜨 |
Meandensity | 6.3±1.3g/cm3 |
12.9±2.2m/s2 | |
13.6±1.0km/s | |
GJ 1132 b(also known asGliese 1132 b) is anexoplanetorbitingGJ 1132,ared dwarfstar 41light-years(13parsecs) fromEarth,[1]in the constellationVela.The planet is considered uninhabitable but cool enough to possess anatmosphere.[2]GJ 1132 b was discovered by theMEarth-South arrayin Chile.[7]
It has been called "one of the most important planets ever discovered beyond the Solar System": Due to its relative proximity to Earth, telescopes should be able to determine the composition of its atmosphere, the speed of its winds and the color of its sunsets.[8][9][10]This is due in part to the small diameter of its parent star (20% that of the Sun), which increases the effect on the star's light of itstransits.The planet's diameter is approximately 20% larger than that of the Earth[1]and its mass is estimated at 1.6 times that of Earth,[2]implying that it has an Earth-likerocky composition.[11]GJ 1132 b orbits its star every 1.6 days at a distance of 1.4 million miles (2.24 million kilometres).[7]
The planet receives 19 times morestellar radiationthan Earth.[1]Theequilibrium temperatureis estimated at 529 K (256 °C; 493 °F) for an Earth-likealbedo,or 409 K (136 °C; 277 °F) for a Venus-like albedo. The planet is likely to be hotter than Venus, as higher temperatures likely prevail at the surface if the planet has an atmosphere.[11]
Atmosphere
[edit]In April 2017, a hydrogen-dominated atmosphere was claimed to have been detected around GJ 1132 b.[12][6]However, subsequent, more precise work ruled out the claim.[13]Instead, in 2021 detection of a hazy hydrogen atmosphere without helium but with the admixturemethaneandhydrogen cyanide(implying substantial underlying freenitrogenin the mix, at around 8.9% of the atmosphere) was claimed.[14]However, two subsequent studies found no evidence for molecular absorption in the HST WFC3 Spectrum of GJ 1132 b. Instead, the spectrum was found to be flat,[15][16]which is more consistent with our current understanding ofphotoevaporation.[citation needed]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^abcdBerta-Thompson, Zachory K.; et al. (2015). "A rocky planet transiting a nearby low-mass star".Nature.527(7577): 204–207.arXiv:1511.03550.Bibcode:2015Natur.527..204B.doi:10.1038/nature15762.PMID26560298.S2CID4385619.
- ^abcChu, Jennifer (November 11, 2015)."New exoplanet in our neighborhood".MIT News.Retrieved2015-11-12.
- ^NASA Exoplanet ArchiveNew ticker slide 1
- ^abBonfils, X.; et al. (October 2018), "Radial velocity follow-up of GJ1132 with HARPS. A precise mass for planet 'b' and the discovery of a second planet",Astronomy & Astrophysics,618:12,arXiv:1806.03870,Bibcode:2018A&A...618A.142B,doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201731884,S2CID119394477,A142.
- ^Kokori, A.; et al. (14 February 2023)."ExoClock Project. III. 450 New Exoplanet Ephemerides from Ground and Space Observations".The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series.265(1) 4.arXiv:2209.09673.Bibcode:2023ApJS..265....4K.doi:10.3847/1538-4365/ac9da4.Vizier catalog entry
- ^abSouthworth, John; et al. (2017)."Detection of the Atmosphere of the 1.6 M🜨Exoplanet GJ 1132 b ".The Astronomical Journal.153(4): 191.arXiv:1612.02425.Bibcode:2017AJ....153..191S.doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa6477.S2CID119049452.
- ^ab"Astronomers Eager to Get a Whiff of Newfound Venus-like Planet".Harvard–Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics.November 11, 2015.Retrieved2015-11-12.
- ^Sample, Ian (11 November 2015)."Earth-like world could be 'most important planet found outside solar system'".The Guardian.Retrieved2015-11-11.
- ^Burgess, Matt."Exoplanet GJ 1132b: the 'most important' ever found".Wired UK.Retrieved2015-11-12.
- ^"Getting Up Close and Personal with an Earth-Sized Exoplanet".The Kavli Foundation.November 11, 2015. Archived fromthe originalon 2017-06-07.Retrieved2015-11-13.
- ^abEva Botkin-Kowacki (2015-11-11)."Spotted: A rocky Earth-sized planet close by".The Christian Science Monitor.
- ^"Atmosphere around super-Earth detected".Phys.Org.April 6, 2017.RetrievedApril 6,2017.
- ^Diamond-Lowe, Hannah; et al. (2018)."Ground-based Optical Transmission Spectroscopy of the Small, Rocky Exoplanet GJ 1132b".The Astronomical Journal.156(2) 42.arXiv:1805.07328.Bibcode:2018AJ....156...42D.doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aac6dd.S2CID119061941.
- ^Swain, Mark R.; Estrela, Raissa; Roudier, Gael M.; Sotin, Christophe; Rimmer, Paul B.; Valio, Adriana; West, Robert; Pearson, Kyle; Huber-Feely, Noah; Zellem, Robert T. (2021)."Detection of an Atmosphere on a Rocky Exoplanet".The Astronomical Journal.161(5): 213.arXiv:2103.05657.Bibcode:2021AJ....161..213S.doi:10.3847/1538-3881/abe879.S2CID232170188.
- ^Mugnai, Lorenzo V.; Modirrousta-Galian, Darius; Edwards, Billy; Changeat, Quentin; Bouwman, Jeroen; Morello, Giuseppe; Al-Refaie, Ahmed; Baeyens, Robin; Bieger, Michelle Fabienne; Blain, Doriann; Gressier, Amélie (2021-04-05)."ARES.* V. No Evidence for Molecular Absorption in the HST WFC3 Spectrum of GJ 1132 b".The Astronomical Journal.161(6): 284.arXiv:2104.01873.Bibcode:2021AJ....161..284M.doi:10.3847/1538-3881/abf3c3.S2CID233025360.
- ^Libby-Roberts, Jessica E.; Berta-Thompson, Zachory K.; Diamond-Lowe, Hannah; Gully-Santiago, Michael A.; Irwin, Jonathan M.; Kempton, Eliza M.-R.; Rackham, Benjamin V.; Charbonneau, David; Desert, Jean-Michel; Dittmann, Jason A.; Hofmann, Ryan (2022)."The Featureless HST/WFC3 Transmission Spectrum of the Rocky Exoplanet GJ 1132b: No Evidence for a Cloud-free Primordial Atmosphere and Constraints on Starspot Contamination".The Astronomical Journal.164(2): 59.arXiv:2105.10487.Bibcode:2022AJ....164...59L.doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ac75de.S2CID235125875.