Henrietta Dugdale
Henrietta Dugdale | |
|---|---|
 Henrietta Dugdale c. 1845 | |
| Born | Henrietta Augusta Worrell 14 May 1827 London, United Kingdom |
| Died | 17 June 1918(aged 91) Point Lonsdale, Victoria, Australia |
| Nationality | Australian |
| Occupation | Suffragist |
| Spouse(s) | J. A. Davies (m.1848–1852) William Dugdale (m.1853–?) Frederick Johnson (m.1903–his death) |
Henrietta Augusta Dugdale(néeWorrell;14 May 1827 – 17 June 1918) was a pioneer Australian who initiated the firstwomen's suffragesociety in Australia. Non-conformist, provocative and quick-witted, her campaigning resulted in breakthroughs forwomen's rightsin Australia.
Early life and education[edit]
Henrietta Augusta Worrell was born atSt PancrasLondonon 14 May 1827,[1]the second surviving daughter of John Worrell and Henrietta Ann (néeAustin).[2]Her claim of a first marriage at 14[3]does not fit with her official marriage in 1848 to a merchant navy officer J. A. Davies, with whom she came to Australia in 1852.[4]After Davies' death she married ship's captain William Dugdale inMelbournein March 1853. They settled atQueenscliffwhere sons Einnim, Carl and Austin were born. Dugdale was avegetarian.[5][6]
After separating from William Dugdale in the late 1860s, she moved to the Melbourne suburb ofCamberwellwhere she remained until a few years before her death on 17 June 1918 atPoint Lonsdale.Her third husband Frederick Johnson, whom she married in 1903, predeceased her.
Career[edit]
Dugdale's campaign for 'equal justice for women' began with a letter to Melbourne'sArgusnewspaper in April 1869.[7]It peaked during the 1880s in radical public debate as a member of Melbourne's Eclectic Society and the Australasian Secular Association, through herutopianallegoryA Few Hours in a Far-Off Age[8]and in the formation in May 1884 of theVictorian Women's Suffrage Society,the first of its kind in Australia. That same year, Henrietta wrote a scathing judgement of the Victorian courts, and their inability to protect women from violent crimes. Published in theMelbourne Herald,her words cut straight to the core of the issue: 'Women's anger,' she wrote, 'was compounded by the fact that those who inflicted violence upon women had a share in making the laws while their victims did not.'[citation needed]
Dugdale was acknowledged as a suffrage pioneer when Australian women attained the vote and the associated right to stand for federal parliament in June 1902[9](a world first) and when the State of Victoria[10]belatedly followed suit in December 1908.[11]Dugdale died on 17 June 1918 in Point Lonsdale, Australia.[1]
Legacy[edit]
A street in theCanberrasuburb ofCookis named for her.[12]
In 2013, Dugdale was nationally recognised as a critical first-wave Australian feminist, and The Dugdale Trust for Women & Girls, is named in honour of her life's work. Dugdale was inducted into theVictorian Honour Roll of Womenin 2001.[13]The Dugdale Trust for Women & Girls is a national harm-prevention institution for which The Victorian Women's Trust operates as trustee.
See also[edit]
- List of suffragists and suffragettes
- List of women's rights activists
- Women and government in Australia
- Politics of Australia
- Human Rights in Australia
- Suffrage in Australia
- Women's suffrage in Australia
- Timeline of women's suffrage
References[edit]
- ^abBrownfoot, Janice N."Dugdale, Henrietta Augusta (1827–1918)".Australian Dictionary of Biography.Canberra: National Centre of Biography,Australian National University.ISBN978-0-522-84459-7.ISSN1833-7538.OCLC70677943.Retrieved7 July2019.
- ^Susan Priestley (2011).Henrietta Augusta Dugdale An Activist 1827–1918.Melbourne Books. p. 11. Archived fromthe originalon 21 March 2012.
- ^"Mrs Dugdale".Table Talk:6. 20 October 1899 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^Susan Priestley (2011).Henrietta Augusta Dugdale An Activist 1827–1918.Melbourne Books. p. 58. Archived fromthe originalon 21 March 2012.
- ^Pearce, Sharyn. (1992).The Shameless Scribbler: Louisa Lawson.Sir Robert Menzies Centre for Australian Studies. p. 4
- ^Magarey, Susan. (2001).Passions of the First Wave Feminists.UNSW Press. p. 26.ISBN0-86840-780-1
- ^"An Appeal to Mr. Higinbotham".The Argus.13 April 1869.Written under the pseudonym "ADA".
- ^Henrietta Dugdale (1883).A Few Hours in a Far-Off Age.
- ^"Women's Suffrage: A City Celebration".The Mercury.Hobart. 20 June 1902. p. 2.Retrieved9 July2019.
- ^"Australia's major electoral developments Timeline: 1788 – 1899 – Australian Electoral Commission".Aec.gov.au. 21 June 2012.Retrieved21 June2012.
- ^"Australia's major electoral developments Timeline: 1788 – 1899 – Australian Electoral Commission".Aec.gov.au. 21 June 2012.Retrieved21 June2012.
- ^"Australian Capital Territory National Memorials Ordinance 1928-1972".Australian Government Gazette. Periodic (National: 1974–1977).13 April 1976. p. 1.Retrieved9 February2020.
- ^Melbourne, National Foundation for Australian Women and The University of."Dugdale, Henrietta Augusta - Woman - The Australian Women's Register".www.womenaustralia.info.Retrieved8 August2019.
Further reading[edit]
- Priestley, Susan (2011),Henrietta Augusta Dugdale An Activist 1827–1918,Melbourne, Australia: Melbourne Books,ISBN978-1-877096-47-1,archived fromthe originalon 21 March 2012
External links[edit]
- Australian Dictionary of Biography
- Australian Women's History Forum
- Museum of Australian Democracy at Old Parliament House
- Utopia Girls – How Women won the Vote.Website for ABC TV production about women's suffrage
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