Heptad repeat
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Theheptad repeatis an example of astructural motifthat consists of a repeating pattern of sevenamino acids:[1]
a b c d e f g HP PHC P C
whereHrepresentshydrophobicresidues, C represents, typically, charged residues, and P representspolar(and, therefore,hydrophilic) residues. The positions of the heptad repeat are commonly denoted by the lowercase lettersathroughg.
These motifs are the basis for mostcoiled coilsand, in particular,leucine zippers,which have predominantlyleucinein thedposition of the heptad repeat.[2]
A conformational change in a heptad repeat in theSARS-CoV-2spike proteinfacilitates entry of the virus into the host cell membrane.[3]
References[edit]
- ^Seroski, Dillon T.; Hudalla, Gregory A. (2018). "Self-Assembled Peptide and Protein Nanofibers for Biomedical Applications".Biomedical Applications of Functionalized Nanomaterials.pp. 569–598.doi:10.1016/B978-0-323-50878-0.00019-7.ISBN978-0-323-50878-0.
- ^Chambers P, Pringle CR, Easton AJ (1990)."Heptad repeat sequences are located adjacent to hydrophobic regions in several types of virus fusion glycoproteins".The Journal of General Virology.71(12): 3075–80.doi:10.1099/0022-1317-71-12-3075.PMID2177097.
- ^Jackson CB, Farzan M, Chen B, Choe H (2022)."Mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 entry into cells".Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology.23(1): 3–20.doi:10.1038/s41580-021-00418-x.PMC8491763.PMID34611326.