Herrlee G. Creel

Herrlee G. Creel
Born	(1905-01-19)January 19, 1905 Chicago, Illinois,United States
Died	June 1, 1994(1994-06-01)(aged 89) Palos Park, Illinois,United States
Alma mater	University of Chicago
Scientific career
Fields	Chinese philosophy,history
Institutions	University of Chicago
Chinese name
Traditional Chinese	Cố lý nhã
Simplified Chinese	Cố lý nhã
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Gù Lǐyǎ Gwoyeu Romatzyh Guh Liiyea Wade–Giles Ku4Li3-ya3

Herrlee Glessner Creel(January 19, 1905 – June 1, 1994) was an AmericanSinologistandphilosopherwho specialized inChinese philosophyandhistory,and was a professor of Chinese at theUniversity of Chicagofor nearly 40 years. On his retirement, Creel was praised by his colleagues as an innovative pioneer on early Chinese civilization and as one who could write both for specialists and for the interested general public with cogency, lucidity, and grace.

Early years

Herrlee G. Creel was born on January 19, 1905, inChicago, Illinois.He attended theUniversity of Chicagoas an undergraduate, graduating with aPh.B.degree in 1926. He then continued on at Chicago as a graduate student studyingChinese philosophy,earning anAMin 1927, followed by aPhDin 1929 with a dissertation entitled "Sinism: A Study of the Evolution of the Chinese World-view".He began his postdoctoral career as an assistant professor ofpsychologyatLombard Collegefrom 1929 to 1930. He was awarded fellowships by theAmerican Council of Learned Societies(1930–1933), theHarvard-Yenching Institute(1931–1935) and the Rockefeller Foundation (1936, 1945 –1946). In 1936 he accepted a post at the University of Chicago, where he was an instructor in Chinese history and language until he was appointed assistant professor of early Chinese literature and institutions in 1937.

Creel was one of the founders of the university's Far Eastern studies program in the 1930s and had a major role in building its Far Eastern Library. He ordered some 5,000 books a year from dealers in China, then, in 1939, with support from theRockefeller Foundationhe returned to China, then in the grips of theSecond Sino-Japanese Warand the city of Beiping (Beijing) was occupied by the Japanese Army. He bought more than 75,000 volumes for the library, especially those dealing with the pre-modern period.

Creel was promoted to the rank of associate professor in 1941 and full Professor in 1949. He served as a Lieutenant Colonel ofmilitary intelligencein theUnited States Armyfrom 1943 to 1945 during theSecond World War.He remained as a professor until 1964, when he became the Martin A. Ryerson Distinguished Service Professor of Chinese History until 1974.

Societies and publishing

Creel was a member of the Committee on Chinese Studies of the American Council of Learned Societies, a member of its Committee on Far Eastern Studies, and the President of theAmerican Oriental Society.He was also a member of theAssociation for Asian Studiesas well as a member of theAmerican Philosophical Society.The most influential of Creel’s books includeThe Birth of China(1936), the first detailed account of the significance of the archaeological excavations atAnyang,which quickly attracted global interest;Studies in Early Chinese Culture(1937) which was an influential collection of monographic essays;Literary Chinese by the Inductive Method, vols. I–III(1938–52), a groundbreaking and controversial attempt to teach literary Chinese through carefully glossed excerpts of standard classical texts;Newspaper Chinese by the Inductive Method(1943), an effort to apply identical pedagogical techniques to the analysis of Chinese newspapers;Confucius, the Man and the Myth(1949), a critical analysis of the philosopherConfucius;Chinese Thought from Confucius to Mao Tse-tung(1953), a survey of Chinese thought;The Origins of Statecraft in China, Vol. 1: The Western Chou Empire(University of Chicago Press,1970), a judicial account of the polity of theWestern Zhou dynasty;What isTaoism?and Other Studies in Chinese Cultural History(University of Chicago Press,1970) andShen Pu-hai: A Chinese Political Philosophy of the Fourth Century B.C.(1974), a monograph onShen Buhai,an early Chinese specialist on administrative technique.

Style and legacy

Creel was especially known forConfucius: The Man and the Myth(1949), which argued that Confucius had been misunderstood because legend had obscured the facts of his life and his ideas. Creel held that Confucius was a reformer and an individualist, as well as a democratic and revolutionary teacher.

From the start of his career in the 1930s, Creel was an outspoken proponent of the theory thatChinese charactersare inherentlyideographicin nature.He was opposed by sinologistsPeter A. BoodbergandPaul Pelliot,who believed that phonetic principles played a large role in the early history of Chinese characters.The debate has continued many decades later without either side being able to discredit the other.

Creel died at his home inPalos Park,Illinois, after a long illness, on June 1, 1994, at the age of 89.

Selected works

• Creel, H. G. (1936).The Birth of China.London: Jonathan Cape. Rpt. New York: John Day, 1937; New York: Frederick Ungar: 1954.
• ——— (1937).Studies in Early Chinese Culture: First Series.Baltimore: Waverly Press.
• ——— (1936). "On the Nature of Chinese Ideography".T'oung Pao.32(1): 85–161.doi:10.1163/156853236X00056.
• ——— (1938–52).Literary Chinese by the Inductive Method,3 vols. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
• ——— (1949).Confucius, the Man and the Myth.New York: John Day. Rpt. under title:Confucius and the Chinese Way,New York: Harper, 1960.
• ——— (1953).Chinese Thought from Confucius to Mao Tse-tung.Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
• ——— (1970).What is Taoism? and Other Studies in Cultural History.Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
• ——— (1970).The Origins of Statecraft in China,vol. 1. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
• ——— (1974).Shen Pu-hai.Chicago, London: The University of Chicago Press.

References

• Honey, David B. (2001).Incense at the Altar: Pioneering Sinologists and the Development of Classical Chinese Philology.American Oriental Series86.New Haven, Connecticut: American Oriental Society.ISBN0-940490-16-1.
• Roy, David T. (1994)."Obituary: Herrlee Glessner Creel (1905-1994)".Journal of Asian Studies.53(4): 1356–1357.doi:10.1017/S0021911800045526.JSTOR2059336.
• ——— (1996). "Herrlee Glessner Creel (19 January 1905 – 1 June 1994)".Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society.140(1): 94–97.JSTOR987279.
• Roy, David Tod; Tsien, Tsuen-hsuin (1978).Ancient China: Studies in Early Civilization.Hong Kong: Chinese University Press.ISBN9622011446..A festschrift in Creel's honor.
• Saxon, Wolfgang (June 4, 1994)."Dr. Herrlee G. Creel, 89 (Obituary)".New York Times.RetrievedApril 15,2015.

External links

• University of Chicago Chronicle obituary