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Concord, California

Coordinates:37°58′41″N122°01′52″W/ 37.97806°N 122.03111°W/37.97806; -122.03111
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
For the gold rush town formerly with this name, seeOrleans Flat, California.

Concord, California
Todos Santos
City
Salvio Pacheco Square facing Todos Santos Plaza – downtown
Salvio Pacheco Square facing Todos Santos Plaza – downtown
Flag of Concord, California
Flag
Location of Concord in Contra Costa County
Location of Concord inContra Costa County
Concord is located in the United States
Concord
Concord
Location within the United States
Concord is located in California
Concord
Concord
Location within California
Coordinates:37°58′41″N122°01′52″W/ 37.97806°N 122.03111°W/37.97806; -122.03111
CountryUnited States
StateCalifornia
CountyContra Costa
IncorporatedFebruary 8, 1905[1]
Government
• TypeCity Council/City Manager[2]
•MayorEdi Birsan[3]
•State SenatorSteve Glazer(D)[4]
•State AssemblyTim Grayson(D)[5]
•U.S. CongressMark DeSaulnier(D)[6]
Area
[7]
•City30.55 sq mi (79.13 km2)
• Land30.55 sq mi (79.13 km2)
• Water0.00 sq mi (0.00 km2) 0%
Elevation
[8]
75 ft (23 m)
Population
(2020)(US: 80th)[9]
•City125,410
• Rank
• Density4,104.67/sq mi (1,584.85/km2)
•Urban
538,583
• Urban density3,064.3/sq mi (1,183.1/km2)
Time zoneUTC−8(Pacific)
• Summer (DST)UTC−7(PDT)
ZIP Codes
94518–94521
Area code925
FIPS code06-16000
GNISfeature IDs1658308,2410214
WebsiteOfficial websiteEdit this at Wikidata

Concord(/ˈkɒŋkərd/KON-kerd)[10]is the most populous city inContra Costa County,California,United States. According to an estimate completed by the United States Census Bureau, the city had a population of 129,295 in 2019,[11]making it the eighth largest city in theSan Francisco Bay Area.[12][13]Founded in 1869 asTodos SantosbydonSalvio Pacheco II,a notedCalifornioranchero, the name was later changed to Concord. The city is a major regional suburbanEast Baycenter within the San Francisco Bay Area, and is 29 miles (47 kilometers) east ofSan Francisco.

The United States Census Bureau defines anurban areain the East Bay which is separated from the San Francisco–Oakland urban area and with Concord as the principal city: the Concord–Walnut Creek,CA urban area had a population of 538,583 as of the2020 census,making it the80th largest in the United States.[9]

History[edit]

Concord was founded as "Todos Santos" in 1869 bydonSalvio Pacheco,a notedCalifornioranchero.

The valleys north ofMount Diablowere inhabited by theMiwokpeople, who huntedelkand fished in the numerous streams flowing from the mountain into theSan Francisco Bay.It is important to note Miwok and other indigenous people still live within city limits. In 1772, Spanish explorers began to cross the area but did not settle there. In 1834, the Mexican land grantRancho Monte del Diabloat the base of Mount Diablo was granted to Salvio Pacheco (for whom the nearby town ofPachecois named).

Concord was founded under the name of Todos Santos ( "all saints"; a name still borne by the central city plaza and park between Willow Pass Road and Salvio Street), on the initiative of Pacheco in 1869. It achieved prominence in the 19th century, when most residents of Pacheco relocated to Concord to avoid the devastation of fire and flood which crippled Pacheco's formerly booming economy. Concord wasincorporatedon February 5, 1905.[14]

The area around Concord in the surrounding Ygnacio and Clayton Valleys was a large agricultural area. Crops that were grown included grapes, walnuts, almonds, wheat, hay, and even tomatoes. The area to the east (now the site of the Concord Naval Weapons Station) was the site of a few enormous wheat ranches over 5,000 acres (20 km2), and was almost a sea of wheat all the way to the marshes borderingSuisun Bay.DuringProhibition,many vineyards were removed and replaced with walnut orchards. The town ofCowell,now incorporated into Concord, produced cement.

The first Concord post office opened in 1872.[15]

Port Chicago disaster[edit]

Main article:Port Chicago disaster

Themunitionson board aNavycargo ship exploded while being loaded duringWorld War II,resulting in the largest number of casualties amongAfrican Americansin any one incident during that war. On the evening of July 17, 1944, a massive explosion instantly killed 320 sailors, merchant seamen, and civilians working at the pier. The blast was felt 30 miles (48 km) away. A subsequent refusal by 258 black sailors to load any more ammunition was the beginning of the Navy's largest-ever mutiny trial, in which 50 men were found guilty. Future Supreme Court JusticeThurgood Marshallsat in on most of the proceedings and declared that he saw a prejudiced court.[16]

Geography[edit]

Todos Santos Plaza is downtown.

Concord is located at37°58′41″N122°01′52″W/ 37.97806°N 122.03111°W/37.97806; -122.03111.[10]It is 29 miles (47 km) northeast ofSan Francisco,22 miles (35 km) northeast fromOakland,65 miles (105 km) southwest ofSacramento,and 51 miles (82 km) north ofSan Jose.[17]

According to theUnited States Census Bureau,the city has a total area of 30.5 square miles (79 km2), all of it land.

The focal point of downtown Concord is Todos Santos Plaza, which encompasses an entire city block and is known for itsfarmers market,free summer concerts, and large number of surrounding restaurants. Much of the area immediately around downtown has recently been redeveloped, with new high-density apartment and condominium projects to take advantage of the proximity to public transportation and to the area surrounding the park. Despite this, some crime and homelessness remain issues in the downtown area.[18][19]

Concord is bordered on the west byPleasant Hilland theunincorporatedcommunity ofPacheco,on the south byWalnut Creek,on the southeast byClayton,on the northeast byPittsburgand the unincorporated community ofBay Point,and on the north by the unincorporated community ofClyde.Although it shares no border with Concord,Martinez(thecounty seat) is located almost immediately adjacent to Concord on the northwest. The North Concord BART station is also known as Martinez BART.

Climate[edit]

Concord, California[20]
Climate chart (explanation)
J
F
M
A
M
J
J
A
S
O
N
D
108
12
4
97
15
5
82
18
7
26
22
8
12
25
10
3
29
12
0.5
31
13
2
30
13
6.1
28
12
24
24
10
66
17
6
71
12
4
█Average max. and min. temperatures in °C
█Precipitation totals in mm
Imperial conversion
JFMAMJJASOND
4.3
54
39
3.8
59
41
3.2
64
45
1
72
46
0.5
77
50
0.1
84
54
0
88
55
0.1
86
55
0.2
82
54
0.9
75
50
2.6
63
43
2.8
54
39
█Average max. and min. temperatures in °F
█Precipitation totals in inches

Concord has awarm-summer Mediterranean climate(KöppenCsb), with warm, dry summers and cool, wet winters.

Official data from theNational Weather Servicecooperative station in Concord shows average January temperatures are a maximum of 57.2 °F (14.0 °C) and a minimum of 41.6 °F (5.3 °C). Average July temperatures are a maximum of 87.8 °F (31.0 °C) and a minimum of 58.2 °F (14.6 °C). There are an average of 45.0 days with highs of 90 °F (32.2 °C) or higher and 3.8 days with lows of 32 °F (0.0 °C) or lower. The highest recorded temperature was 113 °F (45.0 °C) on September 1, 2017. The lowest record temperature was 24 °F (−4.4 °C) on December 23, 1998.[21]

Average annual precipitation is 23.91 in (607 mm), falling on an average of 71 days annually. The wettest year was 1995, with 46.62 inches (1,184 mm) and the driest year was 2007, with 10.57 inches (268.5 mm). The most rainfall in one month was 12.79 inches (324.9 mm) in December 2005, which included the 24-hour maximum rainfall of 3.95 inches (100 mm) on December 31.[21]

Climate data for Concord, California
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 76.0
(24.4) 		78.0
(25.6) 		86.0
(30.0) 		96.0
(35.6) 		99.0
(37.2) 		105.0
(40.6) 		104.0
(40.0) 		109.0
(42.8) 		115.0
(46.1) 		99.0
(37.2) 		84.0
(28.9) 		74.0
(23.3) 		106.0
(41.1)
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 56.2
(13.4) 		60.8
(16.0) 		65.1
(18.4) 		69.5
(20.8) 		75.5
(24.2) 		82.1
(27.8) 		86.6
(30.3) 		86.8
(30.4) 		84.2
(29.0) 		76.2
(24.6) 		64.7
(18.2) 		56.7
(13.7) 		73.3
(22.9)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 39.2
(4.0) 		42.8
(6.0) 		44.9
(7.2) 		47.6
(8.7) 		52.1
(11.2) 		55.6
(13.1) 		57.0
(13.9) 		57.4
(14.1) 		56.2
(13.4) 		50.9
(10.5) 		44.8
(7.1) 		39.9
(4.4) 		49.0
(9.5)
Record low °F (°C) 17
(−8) 		21
(−6) 		25
(−4) 		30
(−1) 		32
(0) 		40
(4) 		41
(5) 		41
(5) 		35
(2) 		28
(−2) 		23
(−5) 		16
(−9) 		16
(−9)
Averageprecipitationinches (mm) 3.63
(92) 		3.59
(91) 		2.43
(62) 		1.27
(32) 		0.68
(17) 		0.18
(4.6) 		0.00
(0.00) 		0.03
(0.76) 		0.03
(0.76) 		0.77
(20) 		1.88
(48) 		3.49
(89) 		17.98
(457.12)
Average precipitation days(≥ 0.01 in) 11 11 8 6 4 1 0 0 1 3 6 10 59
Source: Western Regional Climate Center (1991–present)[21]

Demographics[edit]

Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
1870400—
1880399−0.2%
1890373−6.5%
190058657.1%
191070320.0%
192091229.7%
19301,12523.4%
19401,37322.0%
19506,953406.4%
196036,208420.8%
197085,164135.2%
1980103,25121.2%
1990111,3487.8%
2000121,7809.4%
2010122,0670.2%
2020125,4102.7%
2021 (est.)124,074−1.1%
Source:[22][23]

The2010 United States Census[24]reported that Concord had a population of 122,067. The population density was 3,996.2 inhabitants per square mile (1,542.9/km2). The ethnic makeup of Concord was 78,767 (64.5%)White,4,371 (3.6%)African American,852 (0.7%)Native American,13,538 (11.1%)Asian(4.4% Filipino, 2.4% Chinese, 1.3% Indian, 0.7% Vietnamese, 0.6% Japanese, 0.6% Korean), 816 (0.7%)Pacific Islander,15,969 (13.1%) fromother ethnicities,and 7,754 (6.4%) from two or more ethnicities. Hispanic orLatinoof any ethnicity were 37,311 persons (30.6%).

The Census reported that 121,020 people (99.1% of the population) lived in households, 512 (0.4%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 535 (0.4%) were institutionalized.

There were 44,278 households, out of which 15,421 (34.8%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 21,725 (49.1%) wereopposite-sex married couplesliving together, 5,642 (12.7%) had a female householder with no husband present, 2,707 (6.1%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 2,952 (6.7%)unmarried opposite-sex partnerships,and 512 (1.2%)same-sex married couples or partnerships.10,406 households (23.5%) were made up of individuals, and 3,625 (8.2%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.73. There were 30,074families(67.9% of all households); the average family size was 3.22.

The population was spread out, with 28,000 people (22.9%) under the age of 18, 10,946 people (9.0%) aged 18 to 24, 35,834 people (29.4%) aged 25 to 44, 32,903 people (27.0%) aged 45 to 64, and 14,384 people (11.8%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37.0 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.0 males.

There were 47,125 housing units at an average density of 1,542.8 per square mile (595.7 per square kilometer), of which 44,278 were occupied, of which 27,069 (61.1%) were owner-occupied, and 17,209 (38.9%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.9%; the rental vacancy rate was 7.0%. 71,004 people (58.2% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 50,016 people (41.0%) lived in rental housing units.

Demographic profile[25] 2010
Total population 122,067 – 100.0%
One Race 114,313 – 93.6%
Not Hispanic or Latino 84,756 – 69.4%
White alone 61,416 – 50.3%
Black or African American alone 3,991 – 3.3%
American Indian and Alaska Native alone 366 – 0.3%
Asian alone 13,219 – 10.8%
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone 744 – 0.6%
Some other race alone 325 – 0.3%
Two or more races alone 4,695 – 3.8%
Hispanic or Latino (of any race) 37,311 – 30.6%

Government[edit]

In theCalifornia State Legislature,Concord is inthe 7th Senate District,represented byDemocratSteve Glazer,and inthe 15th Assembly District,represented byDemocratTim Grayson.[26]

Federally, Concord is inCalifornia's 10th congressional district,represented byDemocratMark DeSaulnier.[6]

Politics[edit]

In 2017, Concord had 65,061 registered voters with 31,759 (48.8%) registered as Democrats, 14,447 (22.2%) registered as Republicans, and 15,623 (24%)no party preferencevoters.[27]

Economy[edit]

Sunvalley Shopping Center

Concord has been primarily abedroom communityfor San Francisco and Oakland over the last forty years, but during the last decades, jobs within the city have increased.[28]BevMo!is headquartered in Concord. Concord also has a strong retail sector including theSunvalley Shopping Center,which used to be one of the 50 largest malls in the United States,[29]auto dealerships,andCostco.Prior to its dissolution,Atrivowas headquartered in Concord.[30]

Top employers[edit]

According to the city's 2019 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report,[31]the top employers in the city are:

# Employer # of Employees
1 Mt. Diablo Unified School District 4,320
2 John Muir Medical Center 1,100
3 The Conco Companies 549
4 Safeway Inc. 460
5 AdeccoEmployment Services 400
6 Macy'sConcord 400

Naval Weapons Station[edit]

Main article:Concord Naval Weapons Station
Aerial view of the Concord Naval Weapons Station

To the north of the city of Concord is theConcord Naval Weapons Station(CNWS), which was established in 1942. The station functioned as aWorld War IIarmamentstoragedepot,supplying ships atPort Chicago.The CNWS supported war efforts during theVietnam Warand through the end of theGulf War,processing and shipping out thousands of tons of material toSoutheast Asiaand theMiddle East.[32]

The station consists of two areas: the inland area (5,170 acres [2,092 hectares]) which is within the Concord city limits, and tidal area (7,630 acres [3,088 ha]).[33]Because of changes in military operations, parts of the inland area began to bemothballedand by 1999, the CNWS had only a minimal contingent of military personnel. In 2007, the U.S. Federal Government announced that the inland portion of the CNWS will be closed. The tidal area of the base is not scheduled for closure.[32]The tidal area was transferred to the U.S. Army Surface Deployment and Distribution Command (SDDC) and is now known as Military Ocean Terminal Concord (MOTCO).[34][35]The city is working on a reuse plan that may include developing the land while keeping a large portion for open-space and parks projects. The city has had many meetings on this subject and any plan for reuse is subject to approval by the Navy.[33][36]

Transportation[edit]

Until 1995, the city was the eastern terminus of the Concord line ofBay Area Rapid Transit(BART) commuter train system; the line has since been extended eastward toPittsburg/Bay Pointin 1996 andAntiochin 2018. TheCounty Connectionprovides limited public transportation in the city and to other points in the county. Buses run from theNorth Concord BART stationtoMartinez,the county seat.

Overlooking the North Concord BART Station

Main thoroughfares include Willow Pass Road, Concord Avenue, Concord Boulevard, Clayton Road, Monument Boulevard, Ygnacio Valley Road, Oak Grove Road and Treat Boulevard.[37]The city is also served byInterstate 680,and state highways4and242.

Buchanan Field Airportis a public county-owned airfield in the City of Concord. It is served byJSX,and previously served byAmerican Eagle,WestAir Commuter Airlines,Pacific Southwest Airlines(PSA) and later by PSA successorUSAirwith the latter two airlines operating nonstop jet service between the airfield andLos Angeles International Airport(LAX).

Media[edit]

News[edit]

The city of Concord is served by the dailynewspapertheEast Bay Times(formerly theContra Costa Times) published by Bay Area News Group-East Bay (part of theMedia News Group,Denver, Colorado), with offices inWalnut Creek.The paper was originally run and owned by theLesherfamily. Since the death ofDean Lesherin 1993, the paper has had several owners. The publisher also issues a weekly paper, theConcord Transcriptfor Concord and nearbyClayton.

The city is also served by Concord Patch, a local news website covering community news and events, and by a news and talk blog called Claycord.com.Patch Mediais owned byAOLInc.

Radio[edit]

Concord falls within the catchment area of many high-power San Francisco Bay Area radio stations although some stations from Sacramento are also available.

KVHSFM 90.5 also known as"The Edge"is a Concord-based student run radio station. It is run from the campus ofClayton Valley Charter High School.

Concord and the neighboring cities of Pleasant Hill and Walnut Creek are also served by 92.1 FM which plays a country and western format.

From 1963 to 1993, Concord had a local radio station, KWUN AM 1480, also known asContra Costa's K-15.

Television[edit]

Main article:List of television stations in the San Francisco Bay Area

Concord is served by major television stations broadcasting primarily out of San Francisco, Sacramento, and San Jose. The region'sFoxaffiliate,KTVU,is based in (and licensed to) Oakland atJack London Squarealong with co-owned independent stationKICU-TV(licensed to San Jose).

Over-the-air reception is difficult in many parts of the city due to hills on either side of the valley.

The sole Concord-licensed TV station,KTNC,gave up its broadcast frequency as part of the FCC reverse spectrum auction in 2017. It had broadcast on channel 42 from the top of Mount Diablo, but is now available on virtual channel 42 via a subchannel of KCNS channel 39.

Education[edit]

Concord is served by theMount Diablo Unified School District(MDUSD). Among the MDUSD schools isMt. Diablo High School,opened in 1901 and currently home to four academies, including the Digital Safari Academy, a three-year program involving the integration of multimedia with the core curriculum through integrated, project-based learning.

Beyond MDUSD schools,Clayton Valley Charter High Schoolis also home to several acclaimed academies. Catholic schoolsDe La Salle High Schoolfor boys andCarondelet High Schoolfor girls are also located here. De La Salle's football team holds the U.S. record winning streak of 151 games, set between 1992 and 2004. During that span, De La Salle won 12 California North Coast sectional championships and was named national champion five different times (once byESPN,four times byUSA Today). In August 2014, a Hollywood film titledWhen the Game Stands Tallwas released with the plot line based on their 151-game winning streak.

California State University, East Bayhas a campus in Concord.

Concord High Schoolwon the 2010 Northern California Boys Division II Football Championship, coached by Brian Hamilton.Ygnacio Valley High Schoolwon the 1987 Northern California Boys Division I Basketball Championship, coached by Jim Grace.

Public libraries[edit]

The Concord Library of theContra Costa County Libraryis located in Concord.[38]The library is adjacent to the Concord Civic Center.[39]

Arts and culture[edit]

ThePacheco Adobe,built 1835 onRancho Monte del Diablo

Concord is the home of the annualConcord Jazz Festivaland was the home of theConcord Recordsjazz record label until it was bought in 1999. Jazz musicianDave Brubeckwas born in Concord[40]and in 2006 a park adjacent to Concord High School on Concord Boulevard was renamed in his honor.

Concord is also home to the 21-time World ChampionBlue Devils Drum and Bugle Corps.The corps is made up of talented musicians from around the world. The Concord Blue Devils are the most decorated drum and bugle corps in the history ofDrum Corps International.[41]

TheConcord Pavilion,a 12,500-seat outdoor amphitheater designed byFrank Gehry,hosts concerts and community events, beginning with the Concord Jazz Festival in 1975.[42]

ThePublic-access televisionchannel is operated throughTelVue Virtual Television Networks.

The headquarters of the Kabul Soccer Club is located in Concord.[43]

Matteo's Dream[edit]

Matteo's Dreamis an all-abilities playground in anurban parkin Concord. It opened on May 16, 2007. Matteo Henderson was a boy with serious disabilities including blindness,cerebral palsy,and cognitive development. He used a wheelchair for transportation. The playground was built withUS$770,000of donated materials and with the labor of 1600 volunteers. Matteo, and many other children of all abilities have enjoyed the playground. Persons with disabilities are able to drive their wheelchairs directly onto the structure. Features of the playground are specially engineered to accommodate people with various disabilities.[44]Matteo died on March 16, 2011, at the age of11.[45]In January 2014, a Matteo's Dream themedRose Parade floatwas featured in the 125thRose ParadeinPasadena, California.[46]

Points of interest[edit]

West Wind Solano Drive-In theatre sign at night time

Sister city[edit]

Artwork produced by Japanese and American citizens to celebrate the sister city relationship between Concord andKitakami,located at the civic center

In 1974, Concord became a sister city withKitakami,Iwate,inJapan.The city established a small Japanese-style park in the city, and placed half of a sculpture,The Communion Bridge,in it. The matching half of the bridge is in Kitakami.[52]

Every five years, a delegation from Concord visits Kitakami and operates astudent exchange program.[53]

Notable people[edit]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

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  2. ^"City Government Overview".Concord CA. Archived fromthe originalon July 22, 2015.RetrievedMarch 13,2015.
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External links[edit]

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Concord,_California&oldid=1230182721#History"