Howa
 | |
Native name | Phong hòa công nghiệp chu thức hội xã |
|---|---|
| Company type | Public(K.K) |
| TYO:6203 NAG:6203 | |
| ISIN | JP3840600005 |
| Industry | Machinery |
| Founded | February 9, 1907 |
| Headquarters | Kiyosu city,Aichi Prefecture452-8601 ,Japan |
Key people | Takahiro Tsukamoto (President) |
| Products | |
| Revenue |  JPY22.3 billion (FY2018)(US$202 million) |
| JPY 1.1 billion (FY 2018) (US$ 10 million) | |
Number of employees | 849 (consolidated, as of March 31, 2019) |
| Website | www |
| Footnotes / references [1][2][3] | |
Howa Machinery, Ltd.(Phong hòa công nghiệp chu thức hội xã,Hōwa Kōgyō Kabushiki-gaisha)is a Japanese machinery manufacturer known internationally for their production of military and civilianfirearms.[4]They also manufacture products such asmachine tools,sweeping vehiclesandwindowsanddoors.[3]
History
[edit]
Toyoda's Loom Works, Ltd.(Phong điền thức chức cơ chu thức hội xã)was established bySakichi Toyodain February 1907.[5]In 1941, Toyoda's Loom Works merged withShowa Heavy Industries(Chiêu hòa trọng công nghiệp chu thức hội xã,established in 1936 to produce rifles, artillery shells and airplane parts)and was renamedHowa Heavy Industries, Ltd.(Phong hòa trọng công nghiệp chu thức hội xã).[6]The company was renamed to its current name at the end ofWorld War IIand restarted manufacturing textile machinery.
Weapon manufacturing
[edit]Military use
[edit]Toyoda's Loom Works began manufacturing armaments in 1932.[6]
During World War II
[edit]Since 1940, Howa has been heavily involved in the Japanese armaments industry, and was involved in manufacturing the famousArisakarifle series includingType 99 rifle,parts ofType 38 rifle,artillery pieces, airplane parts, and ammunition.[6]Many of their World War II-era weapons are highly sought after collectors' items.
Post WWII
[edit]Howa created copies of the USM1 Garandand theM1 carbinefor theJapanese Self Defense Forcesduring the early days of the Cold War.[7][8]
Howa also designed and manufactured firearms for JGSDF use, including the following types (models):
- Howa Type 64[9][10]
- Howa Type 89[9][11]
- AR-18(licensed production for Armalite Inc.)[12]
- Howa Type 96
- Howa Type 20
- Howa84mm Recoilless Rifle(licensed copy of the SwedishCarl Gustaf 84 mm Recoilless Rifle)[13]
- 12.7mm Spotting rifle mount forType 60 recoilless rifles.[14]
- Mortar mount forType 96 mortar carrier
During the early 1970s, Howa produced theAR-18and AR-180 5.56mm assault rifle as a license from Armalite Inc. of Costa Mesa, California,[15]which marketed the rifle to various military forces. Japanese government restrictions on the sales of military small arms to foreign countries eventually forced Howa to cease production of the AR-18/AR-180, moving production back to Armalite.[16]
Civilian use
[edit]Howa has produced a long line of civilian hunting and target practice rifles in a range of calibers. Howa has also manufactured products or components for other firearm companies, such asMossberg,Smith & Wesson,andWeatherby.TheSmith & Wesson Model 1000shotgun of the 1970s and 1980s was designed and manufactured by Howa.[17]
- Howa M300: Based on the M1 / M2 carbine military automatic rifle designed in the United States, it was developed for hunting and sports. Produced between 1960-1996.
- Howa Golden Bear:A bolt-action rifle that was once manufactured by Howa Industries between 1967-1979.
- Howa M1500:Abolt-actionrifle, is produced insporting,varmintandheavy barrelconfigurations, which are sold in the U.S. via Legacy Sports International.[18]In Canada, various retailers stock Howa rifles, includingProphet River,Cabela's,and North Pro Sports. In the United Kingdom, Highland Outdoors imports the Howa rifles.
Sources
[edit]- ^"Company Information".Howa Machinery.RetrievedMay 16,2019.
- ^"About the company".Financial Times.RetrievedMay 16,2019.
- ^ab"Company Profile".Nikkei Asian Review.Nikkei Inc.Archived fromthe originalon May 28, 2019.RetrievedMay 16,2019.
- ^Stephen Martin (July 16, 2014).The Economics of Offsets: Defence Procurement and Coutertrade.Taylor & Francis.p. 192.ISBN978-1-317-83665-0.
- ^"TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION GLOBAL WEBSITE | 75 Years of TOYOTA | Part1 Chapter1 Section2 | Item 1. Establishment of Toyoda Loom Company".
- ^abc"Our History (Howa Machinery Firearms Dept.)".
- ^"Howa Machinery LTD. M1 Carbine".
- ^"The National Interest: Blog".
- ^abDavid Westwood (2005).Rifles: An Illustrated History of Their Impact.ABC-CLIO.pp. 369–370.ISBN978-1-85109-401-1.
- ^"Howa Type 64 7.62 mm automatic rifle (Japan), RIFLES".Archived fromthe originalon September 16, 2008.RetrievedJuly 29,2008.
- ^"Howa Type 89 - Infantry Weapons".RetrievedJuly 29,2008.
- ^"Armalite AR-18".October 27, 2010.
- ^"Exhibision (sic) of Equipments".Japanese Ground Self-Defense Forces. Archived fromthe originalon March 13, 2012.RetrievedFebruary 16,2012.
- ^"60 thức 106mm vô phản động pháo".
- ^"The 5.56 X 45mm: 1967".Archived fromthe originalon October 10, 2008.RetrievedJanuary 27,2009.
- ^"The 5.56 X 45mm: 1968-1969".Archived fromthe originalon October 10, 2008.RetrievedJanuary 27,2009.
- ^"Smith & Wesson Model 1000 Shotgun".American Rifleman.July 19, 2010.RetrievedJune 19,2020.
- ^"Legacy Sports' Howa Page".Legacy Sports. Archived fromthe originalon December 26, 2008.RetrievedJanuary 27,2009.
External links
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| National | |