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Ilyushin Il-76

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"Il-76" redirects here. For the road, seeIllinois Route 76.
Il-76
ARussian Air ForceIl-76MD
General information
TypeStrategic and tacticalairlifter
National originSoviet Union / Russia
DesignerIlyushin
Built byTashkent Aviation Production Association
Aviastar-SP
StatusIn service
Primary usersSoviet Air Forces(historical)
Number built969[1]
History
Manufactured1971–present
Introduction dateJune 1974[2]
First flight25 March 1971
VariantsIlyushin Il-78
Beriev A-50
Beriev A-100
KJ-2000

TheIlyushin Il-76(‹See Tfd›Russian:Илью́шин Ил-76;NATO reporting name:Candid) is a multi-purpose, fixed-wing, four-engineturbofanstrategic airlifterdesigned by theSoviet Union'sIlyushindesign bureau as a commercial freighter in 1967, to replace theAntonov An-12.It was developed to deliver heavy machinery to remote, poorly served areas. Military versions of the Il-76 have been widely used in Europe, Asia and Africa, including use as anaerial refuelingtanker or command center.

The Il-76 has seen extensive service as a commercial freighter for ramp-delivered cargo, especially for outsized or heavy items that cannot be carried by other means. It has also been used as an emergency response transport for civilian evacuations as well as for humanitarian aid and disaster relief around the world. Thanks to its ability to operate from unpaved runways, it has been useful in undeveloped areas. Specialized models have also been produced foraerial firefightingandzero-Gtraining.

Design and development

[edit]
The Il-76 is ahigh-wingfreighter withfour turbofansand aT-tail

Origins

[edit]

The aircraft was conceived byIlyushinin 1967 to meet a requirement for a freighter able to carry a payload of 40 tonnes (88,000 lb) over a range of 5,000 kilometres (2,700 nmi; 3,100 mi) in less than six hours, able to operate from short[vague]and unprepared airstrips, and capable of coping with the worst weather conditions likely to be experienced in Siberia and the Soviet Union's Arctic regions. It was intended to replace theAntonov An-12.Another project design for a double-decked 250-passenger airliner was cancelled. The Il-76 first flew in March 1971(1971-03).[3]

Production of Il-76s was allocated to theTashkent Aviation Production AssociationinTashkent,Uzbekistan,then a republic of theSoviet Union.Some 860 of the basic transport variants were manufactured.[4]In the 1990s, modernized variants also equipped withSoloviev D-30turbofan engines[5]were developed (MF, TF), with a cargo compartment 20 m (66 ft) long by 3.4 m (11 ft) wide by 3.4 m (11 ft) tall; these larger variants were not produced in significant quantity due to the financial difficulties being experienced by the Russian Air Force, which was the primary operator of the type.[citation needed]

Further development

[edit]

From 2004 onwards, a number of aircraft in commercial service were modernized to the Il-76TD-90VD version; this involved the adoption of the newly developedPS-90engine to comply with European noise limitations.[2]In 2005, thePeople's Republic of Chinaplaced an order for 34 new Il-76MDs and four Il-78 tankers.[citation needed]In June 2013, Russian military export agencyRosoboronexportannounced an order by China for 12 Il-76MD aircraft.[6]

Landing gear of an Ilyushin Il-76
Landing of the Il-76 transport aircraft at theBrestairport

The Il-76 has also been modified into anairborne refuelling tanker,designated theIl-78,around 50 aircraft having been produced.[4]A variant of the Il-76 also serves as a firefightingwaterbomber.Its airframe was used as a base for theBerievA-50 'Mainstay'AEW&C(airborne early warning and control) aircraft; around 25 aircraft were made.[4]Another application for the type was found inAntarcticsupport flights and for conductingsimulated weightlessnesstraining forcosmonauts(akin to the "Vomit Comet" used by NASA).[7]Beriev andNPO Almazalso developed anairborne laserflying laboratory designatedA-60,of which two were built, much of this project's details remaining classified.[8]

Il-76MD-90A

[edit]

It was announced in 2010 that the production of a modernized Il-76, the Il-76MD-90A (also known asproject Il-476during the design stage), would begin; a proposed new production line would be located inAviastar's facility inUlyanovsk,Russia, and be operated in cooperation with the Tashkent works.[4]At that point, the construction of two Il-76MD-90A prototypes had begun at the Ulyanovsk facility.[9]The first Il-76MD-90A was rolled out at Aviastar's Ulyanovsk plant on 16 June 2014.[10]On 29 April 2015, it was reported that the Russian Aerospace Forces received the first Il-76MD-90A built at the Ulyanovsk plant "Aviastar-SP" from the 2012 contract for 39 aircraft.[11]The Russian Ministry of Defence (MoD) received its first serial production Ilyushin Il-76MD-90A airlifter on 2 April 2019.[12]As of late-2023, 27 aircraft are ordered to be delivered in the period up to 2028 and 20 had been built, 6 in 2023.[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]

Operational history

[edit]

The first aircraft was delivered to the Soviet Air Force in June 1974[2]and subsequently became the main Soviet strategic transport aircraft. From 1976, it was operated byAeroflot.

Video of Il-76MD landing on an unpaved runway

Between 1979 and 1991, the Soviet Air Force Il-76s made 14,700 flights into Afghanistan, transporting 786,200 servicemen and 315,800 tons of freight. The Il-76 carried 89% of Soviet troops and 74% of the freight that was airlifted. As Afghan rebels were unable to shoot down high-flying Il-76s, their tactics were to try and damage it on takeoff or landing. Il-76s were often hit by shoulder-launchedStingerandStrelaheat-seeking missiles and large-calibre machine gun fire, but because the strong airframes were able to take substantial damage and remain operational, the aircraft had a remarkably lowattrition rateduring this period of conflict. Building on that experience, the bulk of the Canadian Forces equipment into Afghanistan was flown in using civilian Il-76s.[23]In 2006, the Russian Air Force had about 200 Il-76s. Civilian users in Russia have 108.[4]

On 3 August 1995, an Airstan Ilyushin Il-76 piloted by a Russian crew was forced down by aTaliban-controlled Afghanistan Air Force fighter in what became known as theAirstan incident.The crew were imprisoned for nearly a year, but later escaped out of their confinement and managed to sneak into their aircraft still at the airport and fly out of Afghanistan.[24]

USAFandIAFairmen work inside the cockpit of an Indian Il-76.

In 2004, a ChinesePeople's Liberation Army Air Force(PLAAF) Il-76 carried out a flight mission in Afghanistan, and later in 2011, PLAAF Il-76s were sent to Libya to evacuate Chinese citizens. The two missions were the reported first steps of PLAAF developing long-range transportation capability.[25]

On 23 March 2007, aTransaviaexportIl-76 wasshot downby an anti-aircraft missile while taking off fromMogadishu,Somalia.Everybody on board, seven crew and four passengers, were killed.[26]

Syrian Air ForceIl-76s, operating as civilSyrianairaircraft, have been reportedly used to ship weapons, money, and other cargo from Russia and Iran to Syria, according to a defected Syrian military pilot. Since the start of the war, in April 2011 (and up to July 2012), around 20 military flights have been conducted to and fromTehran,viaIraqiairspace. Further information exposes that since around 2012, Syrian Il-76s have regularly flown to Moscow'sVnukovo Airportto fetch shipments ofSyrian banknotesthat have been useful toBashar al-Assad's government to surviveinternational sanctions.[27][28][29]

On 14 June 2014, aUkrainian Air ForceIl-76 wasshot down by ground firefrom pro-Russian separatists while on approach to landing atLuhansk,resulting in the deaths of 40 soldiers and 9 crew members on board.[30][31][32]

On 30 January 2017, an Il-76 firebomber of the Russian EMERCOM agency was deployed toChileto assist firefighters. The assignment took 39 days.[33]

All Il-76 transport aircraft in service with the RF Aerospace Forces were to receive anti-missile systems, and aircraft reconfiguration started in spring 2019.[34]

On 25 February 2022, during the2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine,the Ukrainian State Special Communications Agency and US officials claimed that Russian Il-76s were shot down overBila Tserkva.[35]As of September 2022, no wreckage of the planes has been found.[36]

On 4 April 2022, photographs of two destroyed Il-76s from the Ukrainian25th Transport Aviation Brigadewere displayed; these cargo planes were destroyed on the ground by Russian forces at Melitopol Airport.[37]

On 30 August 2023, four Il-76s were reportedly destroyed by Ukrainian kamikazedrone strikesatPskov Airport.[38][39]

On 24 January 2024, an Il-76crashednearYablonovoin Russia'sBelgorod Oblastnear the Russian-Ukrainian border. In the immediate aftermath, multiple unsubstantiated, conflicting accounts regarding the circumstances of the crash were presented by Ukraine-aligned sources and Russian state media outlets and officials.[40][41]

On 12 March 2024, an Il-76 crashed near theIvanovo Severnyairbase, after a fire occurred in one engine, and the aircraft was unable to reach the airfield. All eight crew and seven passengers were killed in the crash.[42]

Variants

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Prototypes and developmental variants

[edit]
Il-76TD-90,Aviadvigatel PS-90engines have larger diameter.
Il-76TD-90/Il-76MD-90
Engine upgrades to Perm PS-90s.
Il-76 firebomber
Firefighting aircraft to drop exploding capsules filled with fire retardant.
Il-76PSD
SAR version of Il-76MF
Il-96
Early development of convertible passenger/cargo aircraft, (project only, designation re-used later)
Il-150
Proposed Beriev A-50 with Perm PS-90 engines.
Beriev A-60
Airborne laser weapon testbed (Il-76 version 1A)

Special purpose/research variants

[edit]
Il-76LL withPD-14engine prototype under testing, 2015
Il-76TD glass nose which isflight navigator's station
Il-76LL SKIP testbed, 1999
Il-76LL
With reinforced wing (at least 3 aircraft) to be used as test-bed aeroplane for engine prototypes flight testing inGromov Flight Research Institute.
Izdeliye-176
Prototype Il-76PP.
Izdeliye-576
Izdeliye-676
Telemetry and communications relay aircraft, for use during trial programmes (prototype).
Izdeliye-776
Telemetry and communications relay aircraft, for use during trial programmes (prototype).
Izdeliye-976 ( "SKIP", Il-976, or Il-76SK)[43]– (СКИП – Самолетный Контрольно-Измерительный Пункт, Airborne Check-Measure-and-Control Center)
Il-76/A-50 based range control and missile tracking platform. Initially built to supportRaduga Kh-55 cruise missiletests.
Izdeliye-1076
Special mission aircraft for unknown duties.
Izdeliye-1176
ELINT electronic intelligence aircraft, or Il-76-11
Il-76-Tu160 tailplane transporter
One-off temporary conversion to support Tu-160 emergency modification programme.
Il-76K/Il-76MDK/Il-76MDK-II
Zero-g cosmonaut trainer (dlya podgotovki kosmonavtov), used byYuri Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center.
Il-76LL
Engine testbed (ooniversahl'naya letayuschchaya laboratoriya).
Il-76PP
ECM aircraft, major problems with ECM equipment on the Izdeliye-176 only.
Il-84
Maritime search and rescue aircraft (alternative designation – Il-76PS –poiskovo-spasahtel'nyy), not produced.

Military variants

[edit]
Il-76MD-90A of the Russian Aerospace Forces
Il-76MDGSh-23tail guns
Il-76MD cargo cabin
Il-76D
('D' for "Desantnyi",Десантный– "paratrooper transport" ) has a gun turret in the tail for defensive purposes.
Il-76M
Military transport version, (modifitseerovannyy– modified).
Il-76MD
Improved military transport version, (modifitseerovannyy Dahl'ny– modified, long-range).
Il-76MD Skal'pel-MT
Mobile Hospital
Il-76M/Il-76MD
Built without military equipment but designated as Ms and MDs (Gordon – 'Falsies')
Il-76MD-90
An Il-76MD with quieter and more economicalAviadvigatel PS-90high-bypass turbofan engines.
Il-76MF
Stretched military version with a 6.6 m (22 ft) longer fuselage, PS-90A-76 engines, maximum takeoff weight of 210 t (460,000 lb) and a lift capability of 60 t (130,000 lb). First flew in 1995. Two built and delivered to theRoyal Jordanian Air Force,[2]later sold to theEgyptian Air Force.
Il-76MD-M
Modernized Il-76MD for the Russian Aerospace Forces.[44][45][46]
Il-76MD-90A
An upgraded version with a new glass cockpit, upgraded avionics, new one-piece carbon-fibre wing, and Aviadvigatel PS-90A-76 engines. It was also known asIl-476while in development.[10][47]
Il-76T/Il-76TD
Built as military aircraft but given civilian designations. (Gordon – 'Falsie')
Ilyushin Il-78/Il-78M/Il-78MD-90A
Aerial refuelling tanker.
Il-78 MKI
A customized version of the Il-78 developed for the Indian Air Force.
Il-82
Airborne Command Post/communications relay aircraft, (alternative designation – Il-76VKP – 'version65S').
Beriev A-50/Beriev A-50M/Beriev A-50I/Beriev A-50E
Airborne Early Warning & Control aircraft. Beriev given control over the program.
Beriev A-100
An AEW&C version of the Il-76MD-90A. Currently in development, with at least two prototypes built.

Civil variants

[edit]
A commercial variant of the Ilyushin Il-76, loading cargo at Ali Air Base,Iraq
An Il-76TD belonging to theIRGC,used as afirefighting aircraft
Il-76MGA
Initial commercial freighter (two prototypes and 12 production) equipped withSoloviev D-30turbofan engines.[48]
Il-76MD to Il-76TD conversions
Complete removal of military equipment, identified by crude cover over OBIGGS inlet in Starboard Sponson.
Il-76P/Il-76TP/Il-76TDP/Il-76MDP
firefighting aircraft. The Il-76 waterbomber is a VAP-2 1.5-hour install/removal tanking kit conversion. The Il-76 can carry up to 49,000 litres (13,000 US gal) of water; 3.5 times the capacity of theC-130 Hercules.Since this kit can be installed on any Il-76, the designation Il-76TP, Il-76TDP are also used when those versions of the Il-76 are converted into waterbombers. The Il-76P was first unveiled in 1990.
Il-76T
('T' for Transport, Транспортный) unarmed civil cargo transport version. NATO code-name "Candid-A". It first flew on November 4, 1978.
Il-76TD
The civil equivalent of the Il-76MD, first flew in 1982, equipped withSoloviev D-30turbofan engines.[48]
Il-76TD-90
An Il-76TD with Aviadvigatel PS-90 engines and a partialglass cockpit.
Il-76TD-90VD
An Il-76TD with Aviadvigatel PS-90 engines and a partialglass cockpit.It was developed specially for Volga-Dnepr cargo company, which operates five aircraft as of 2021.[49]
Il-76TD-S
Civilian mobile hospital, similar to Il-76MD Skal'pel-MT.
Il-76TF
Civil transport stretched version with Aviadvigatel PS-90 engines. It is the civil version of the Il-76MF (none produced).

Foreign variants

[edit]
A-50E/I Mainstay of the Indian Air Force
Beriev A-50E/I
For the Indian Air Force. Hosts IsraeliPhalcon radarfor AEW&C andAviadvigatel PS-90engines.[50]
Il-76MD tanker
Iraqi Air Force tanker conversions.
KJ-2000
DomesticChineseairborne early warning and control conversion of Il-76, developed afterA-50Iwas cancelled and currently in service with the armed forces ofChina.
CFTE engine testbed
The China Flight Test Establishment (CFTE) currently operates a flying testbed converted from a Russian-made Il-76MD jet transport aircraft to serve as a flying testbed for future engine development programmes. The first engine to be tested on the aircraft is the WS-10A "Taihang" turbofan, currently being developed as the powerplant for China's indigenous J-10 and J-11 fighter aircraft. Il-76MD #76456, acquired by the AVIC 1 from Russia in the 1990s, is currently based at CFTE's flight test facility at Yanliang, Shaanxi Province.
Baghdad-1
Iraqi development with a radar mounted in the cargo hold enabling it to serve as AEW&C, used in the Iran–Iraq War.
Baghdad-2
Iraqi development (with French assistance) withfibreglass-reinforcedplasticradome over the antenna of theThomson-CSFTiger G surveillance radar with a maximum detection range of 350 km (190 nmi; 220 mi). One was destroyed on the ground during the 1991Persian Gulf War;two others were flown to Iran where they remained.[51]At least one went into service with theIRIAF.One aircraftcrashedfollowing a midair collision with aHESA Saeqehfighter, during the annual Iranian military parade in Tehran.[52]It can be distinguished from theBeriev A-50by having the Il-76 navigator windows in the nose, which the A-50 does not.

Operators

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Present and former Il-76 operators
Military operators
Civilian operators
Military and civilian operators

Military and civil operators in 38 countries have operated more than 850 Il-76 in large numbers. While Russia is the largest military operator of the Il-76, followed by Ukraine and India, Belarus'TransAVIAexport Airlinesis the largest civilian operator.

Military operators

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Algeria
Angola
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Belarus
People's Liberation Army Air ForceIl-76 landing atPerth Airport,Australia.This aircraft took part in theSearch for Malaysia Airlines Flight 370.
China
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Egypt
Equatorial Guinea
Indian Air ForceIl-76 landing atKushok Bakula Rimpochee Airportlocated inLeh.
India
Iran
Jordan
ARussian Air ForceIl-76MD atChkalovsky Air Base.
Russia
Sudan
Syria
Ukraine
Uzbekistan Air and Air Defence ForcesIl-76 landing atBeijing Capital International Airport.
Uzbekistan

Former military operators

[edit]
Iraq
Libya
Il-76 of theSoviet Air Forces.
Soviet Union
  • Soviet Air Forces– Largest former operator of the type, with hundreds of aircraft of multiple variants in service. Passed on to successor states.[citation needed]
Yemen
Zimbabwe

Civil operators

[edit]
APouya AirIl-76 landing atMehrabad Airportin Dec 2023.
Azerbaijan
ATransAVIAexportIlyushin Il-76TD atFrankfurt Airport.
Belarus
Kazakhstan
A pair ofAir KoryoIlyushin Il-76 aircraft atPyongyang International Airport.
North Korea
Russia
Syria
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
United Nations
United States
  • Meridian, Inc, operating an Il-78 with registration N20NS.[63]
United Arab Emirates
  • Gulf Aviation Technology and Services operates a number of Il-76 aircraft on charter or lease.
  • Phoenix Aviationused to operate 2 Il-76TDs.[citation needed]
Uzbekistan

Former civil operators

[edit]
Angola
Armenia
Bahrain
  • Global Aviation Services[66]
Belarus
Burkina Faso
Cambodia
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Republic of the Congo
Cuba
Equatorial Guinea
Georgia
  • Sun Way has operated the Il-76TD.[68]
Hungary
Iran
Iraq
Jordan
GST Aero Il-76 atPatriot Hills Base Camp,Antarctica
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Laos
  • Imtrec aviation of Cambodia used to operate Laos registered Il-76TD.
Latvia
  • Inversijaoperated three, including two Il-76Ts and one Il-76TD.
Libya
Mali
  • Transafrica Airlines
Moldova
  • Aerocomoperated an Il-76MD as well as an Il-76T until as late as January 2005.
  • Airline Transport operated a number of Il-76 aircraft, losing three in accidents in 2004 and 2005.
  • Jet Line International used to operate the Il-76.[72]
  • Tiramavia
Russia
  • Aeroflotoperated large numbers of aircraft, especially during Soviet years, often on behalf of the Soviet military. However, none remain in service with the airline.
  • Air STAN operated an Il-76TD.
  • ALAK operated Il-76 aircraft before its closure in 1999.
  • Aviaenergooperated the aircraft, but none remain in service.
  • Continental Airwayshas operated the Il-76 in the past, but does not do so currently.
  • Dacono Air has operated the Il-76.
  • Domodedovo Airlineshas operated the Il-76, but none is currently in service.
  • East Lineused to operate the Il-76.
  • Ilavia Airlineused to operate six, including two Il-76MDs and four Il-76TDs.
  • KrasAiroperated the Il-76, but none is currently in service.
  • Krylo Airlinesoperated two Il-76TDs into 2005.
  • Moscow Airwaysoperated an Il-76TD in the early 1990s.
  • Novosibirsk Air Enterpriseoperated the Il-76, but none is currently in service.
  • Pulkovo Aviation Enterpriseoperated the Il-76, but none is currently in service.
  • Red Wings Airlinesused to operate two Il-76TDs.
  • Spair Airlines
  • Tesis Aviation Enterpriseused to operate nine Il-76TDs.
  • Tyumen Airlines
  • Uralinteravia
Serbia
Sierra Leone
  • AeroliftSierra Leone used to operate Il-76 aircraft for special charter and cargo lift operations.[74]
Soviet Union
  • Aeroflot was the main civil user of the aircraft during the period of the Soviet Union, although many of its aircraft were operated on behalf of the military.
  • Jet Air Cargo was one of the first civil operators of the Il-76 in Russia other than Aeroflot.
Sudan
Loading BMD-1 in Ukrainian Air Force Il-76
Ukraine
  • Air Service Ukraine operated the Il-76MD.
  • Air Ukraineand Air Ukraine Cargo operated the aircraft, although none were in service at the time of bankruptcy.
  • Azov Avia Airlinesoperated two Il-76MDs.
  • BSL Airline operated as many as six Il-78s.
  • Busol Airlines operated the Il-76 before its closure in 1998.
  • Khors Aircompanyoperated two Il-76MDs.
  • Ukrainian Cargo Airwaysoperated 21, including 19 Il-76MDs.
  • South Airlines
Yemen

Accidents and incidents

[edit]
Main page:Category:Accidents and incidents involving the Ilyushin Il-76
An Il-76MD that was damaged during theSknyliv air show disasteron 27 July 2002, during which theSukhoi Su-27involved struck a glancing blow against the aircraft's nose before crashing into spectators

As of July 2024, theAviation Safety Networkhas tracked 137 incidents involving Il-76 series aircraft resulting in the 1,158 fatalities. have been written off in crashes and other accidents.[78]Some of the most notable incidents can be found here.

1990s

[edit]
  • On 1 February 1990, aSoviet Air ForcesIl-76registrationСССР-86021 crashed 14 minutes after takeoff fromPanevėžys Air Base,killing all 8 members of the crew.[83]
  • On 24 May 1991, a Metro Cargo Il-76TD (LZ-INK, namedLugano), crashed near Kermanshah Airport while attempting a forced landing following fuel exhaustion, killing four of ten crew.[84]
  • On 8 July 1993, a Russian Air Force Il-76M (RA-86039) crashed nearPskov Airportdue to loss of control following an unexplained in-flight fire, killing the 11 crew.[85]
  • 1995 Airstan Ilyushin Il-76 hijacking.On 3 August 1995 Taliban-controlled fighter aircraft intercepted an Airstan Ilyushin Il-76TD transport aircraft, and held its seven crew members for over a year before escaping.[86]
  • On 19 August 1996,Spair Airlines Flight 3601,an Il-76T, crashed while trying to land atBelgrade Nikola Tesla Airportfollowing total electrical failure due to pilot error, killing all 11 occupants on board.[87]The crew had forgotten to turn on the AC/DC converter following engine startup.
  • Charkhi Dadri mid-air collision.On 12 November 1996,Kazakhstan AirlinesFlight 1907,an Il-76,collided in mid-airwithSaudiaFlight 763 (aBoeing 747) overCharkhi Dadri,India, killing all 349 aboard both aircraft in the deadliest mid-air collision. The Kazakh crew failed to maintain altitude owing to confusion with ATC.
  • 1996 Abakan Ilyushin Il-76 crash.On 27 November 1996, aRussian Air ForceIlyushin Il-76MD, registrationRA-78804,flew into the side of a mountain, minutes after it departedAbakan Airport,and crashed 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) from the airport. All 21 occupants on board died in the accident.[88][89]
  • On 13 July 1998, ATI Aircompany Flight 2570, an Il-76MD (UR-76424), crashed in the sea shortly after takeoff from Ras Al Khaimah International Airport, killing the eight crew. The aircraft was overloaded and the pilot failed to respond to GPWS warnings.[90]
  • On 17 July 1998,Air SofiaFlight 701, an Il-78 (UR-UCI) struck a hill on approach to Asmara International Airport, killing all ten on board. The aircraft was leased from Ukrainian Cargo Airways.[91]

2000s

[edit]

2010s

[edit]

2020s

[edit]

Aircraft on display

[edit]
  • CCCP-76511 (c/n 083414444) preserved in theUkraine State Aviation Museum,Kyiv. The aircraft was originally painted as UR-UCI of Ukrainian Cargo Airways to commemorate the real aircraft that crashed in 1998, but was returned to its original Aeroflot livery as CCCP-76511 in 2016.[122]

Specifications (Il-76TD)

[edit]

Data fromIlyushin,[123]Aviadvigatel,[124]Volga-Dnepr Airlines.[125]

General characteristics

  • Crew:5
  • Capacity:Il-76M42,000 kg (93,000 lb);Il-76MD48,000 kg (106,000 lb);Il-76MD-90A60,000 kg (130,000 lb)
  • Length:46.59 m (152 ft 10 in)
  • Wingspan:50.5 m (165 ft 8 in)
  • Height:14.76 m (48 ft 5 in)
  • Wing area:300 m2(3,200 sq ft)
  • Empty weight:92,500 kg (203,928 lb) Il-76TD-90
  • Max takeoff weight:190,000 kg (418,878 lb) Il-76MD/TD
  • Powerplant:4 ×Soloviev D-30KPturbofans,117.7 kN (26,500 lbf) thrust each[126]

Performance

  • Maximum speed:900 km/h (560 mph, 490 kn)
  • Maximum speed:Mach 0.82
  • Range:4,400 km (2,700 mi, 2,400 nmi) Il-76MD/TD with 52,000 kg (115,000 lb) payload.
  • Ferry range:9,300 km (5,800 mi, 5,000 nmi) Il-76MD-90A with no payload.
  • Service ceiling:13,000 m (43,000 ft)
  • Thrust/weight:0.252
  • Minimum landing run:450 m (1,480 ft) with thrust reversers

Armament

  • Guns:2 × 23 mm (0.906 in)cannonin radar-directed manned turret at base of tail
  • Bombs:Some military models have fourhardpointsunder each outer wing capable of supporting 500 kg (1,100 lb) bombs.

See also

[edit]

Related development

Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era

Related lists

[edit]

References

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Notes

[edit]
  1. ^"САМОЛЁТЫ ИЛЬЮШИН ИЛ-76/78/А-50 - РЕЕСТР".russianplanes.net.Retrieved2024-01-24.
  2. ^abcdButowski, Piotr.Iliuszyn Ił-76 powraca.Lotnictwonr. 9/2004, p. 28–32(in Polish)
  3. ^"Ilyushin".Flightglobal.Flight International.4 December 1996. Archived fromthe originalon 2013-05-23.
  4. ^abcdeButowski, Piotr.Rosyjski kontrakt na Ił-76 i Ił-78 dla Chin.Lotnictwonr. 1/2007, pp. 54–55(in Polish)
  5. ^"Commercial aircraft of the world–Ilyushin Il-76".Flight International.4283(140): 66. 4–10 September 1991.Archivedfrom the original on 16 November 2017.Retrieved15 November2017.
  6. ^"IL-76MD aircraft will be provided to China".Archived fromthe originalon 2013-06-24.Retrieved2013-06-17.[unreliable source?]
  7. ^"File:Марка России 2006г №1073-Самолет ИЛ-76ТД и научно-экспедиционное судно" Академик Федоров "; панорама станции.jpg".Stamps of Russia.Publishing and Trading Centre "Marka". 2006-01-26.Archivedfrom the original on 2013-10-29.Retrieved2009-04-11.
  8. ^"âÅÒÉÅ× á-60".airwar.ru.Archivedfrom the original on 18 August 2018.Retrieved26 January2019.
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[edit]
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