Ismail Fahmi

Ismail Fahmy اسماعيل فهمى
Personal details
Born	(1922-10-02)2 October 1922 Cairo,Kingdom of Egypt
Died	21 November 1997(1997-11-21)(aged 75) Cairo, Egypt
Profession	Diplomat

Ismail Fahmy(Egyptian Arabic:اسماعيل فهمى) (2 October 1922 – 21 November 1997) was anEgyptiandiplomat and politician. He served as ambassador to Austria (1968–1971), tourism minister (1973), foreign minister (1973–1977) and deputy prime minister (1975–1977). He was awarded a professorship. He resigned from the government in 1977 to protestAnwar Sadat'svisittoJerusalem.Although he was a supporter and confidant of Sadat, later he became sharply critical of his policies and decision making.

Early life and education

Fahmy was born on 2 October 1922.His father was a public prosecutor inCairo.

He held a degree in political science fromCairo Universityin 1945.

Early career

Fahmy joinedministry of foreign affairsin 1946.He served as a diplomat being part of the Egypt's delegation to theUnited Nationsfrom 1949 to 1957.He was an activist and a tough negotiator.Then he served in the Egypt's delegation on theInternational Atomic Energy Agencyuntil 1959.

He returned to Egypt and worked at the foreign office.He was appointed ambassador toAustriain 1968.From 1969 to 1970 he served as the ambassador of Egypt toFrance.His next post was deputy foreign minister which he held from 1971 to November 1973.

Fahmy came to attention of Sadat at a symposium in Egypt. His arguments about the Egyptian military action against Israel, re-evolution and reshaping of Egyptian- Soviet relationships, closer contact with the US and the involvement with both Moscow and Washington in solving the Middle East conflict impressed Sadat, who appointed Fahmy foreign minister after1973 October War.

Foreign Minister of Egypt, 1973–1977

On 31 October 1973, Egyptian foreign minister Ismail Fahmy meets withRichard Nixonand Henry Kissinger, about a week after the end of fighting in theYom Kippur War.

From left: Fahmi,Omar Saqqaf,Richard Nixon,Henry Kissinger,andBrent Scowcrofton 19 February 1974

Fahmy served as foreign minister from 31 October 1973 to 17 November 1977.He decided to keep lines of communication open between Egypt and Soviet Union. However Fahmy recounts certain events in which he was directly involved: his first encounters with Henry Kissinger and Richard Nixon; his participation in talks leading to the Egyptian-Israeli disengagement agreements of 1974 and 1975. He reluctantly supported the first agreement and opposed to the second. He met with both US and Soviet foreign ministers. According to Fahmy, “Kissinger is highly intelligent but he has tendency to manipulate people”.Fahmy stated that “Zbigniew Brzezinski was professor at heart inclined to lecture experienced diplomat”.When Sadat decided tovisitJerusalem, he reacted to the decision by saying "I believed it would harm Egypt’s national security, damage our relations with the other Arab countries, and destroy our leadership of the Arab world."

Furthermore he argued Sadat could not provide any proof that the Israelis would respond to his move with comparable good will.After Sadat's visit, he resigned from his post and was replaced byMohamed Ibrahim Kamel.

Later career

Following he resignation, Fahmy kept supporting the convocation of the Geneva Conference as the only way to achieve peace.Following that incident, he continued to write books and articles about the peacemaking activities inthe Middle East.His best known book wasNegotiating for Peace in the Middle East: An Arab View.For many years he worked as an academic in Egypt. In 1984, he unsuccessfully ran for office in the general elections as a candidate of theNew Wafd Party.

Personal life and death

Fahmy died on 21 November 1997 at the age of 75.His son,Nabil,was appointed foreign minister to the interim government of Egypt led byHazem Al Beblawiin July 2013.