Jakuen

Jìyuán( tịch viên, 1207 – 8 October 1299), better known to Buddhist scholars by his Japanese nameJakuen,was a ChineseZen Buddhistmonk and a disciple ofRujing.Most of his life is known to us only through medieval hagiography, legends, and sectarian works. It is generally agreed, though, that during his time atTiāntóng Mountainhe befriendedDōgenwho was also studying under Rujing. After Rujing's death in 1228, Jakuen immigrated to Japan in order to join his friend's emergingSōtōschool, but did not receivedharma transmissionfrom Dōgen directly, rather his discipleKoun Ejō.

Jakuen outlived Dōgen and became embroiled in thesandai sōron,a dispute over orthodoxy and succession. In 1261 he leftEihei-ji,leaving the other monks to resolve the power struggle amongst themselves, but allegedly taking with him many treasures of Eihei-ji entrusted to him by Dōgen. He arrived on a remote mountain inFukui prefecture,where he became famous to the locals for his ascetic meditation on a mountainside without the benefit of any monastic community. During this time, according to medieval legend, he gained the friendship of a cow and dog who would follow him into town duringalmsrounds.The rock that he sat on has also become a local landmark. Eventually he built a monastery calledHōkyō-ji( bảo khánh tự ) in the style of Tiāntóng, which today owns the only surviving early treasures of Eihei-ji, and serves as a training center for Japanese and international Sōtō Zen Buddhists.

In medieval Japan Jakuen's monastic community split into two separate lineages, one at Hōkyō-ji and one at Eihei-ji which was responsible for some of the corruption that went on there.

Today, there are communities of monks in both China and Japan who claim descent from Jakuen. His disciple Giun became abbot of Eihei-ji. In Japan, there is a temple in Tokyo named Jakuen-ji. Hōkyō-ji is officially in communion with the official Sōtō lineage throughKeizan,but unofficially consider Jakuen their patriarch.

References

• William M. Bodiford.Sōtō Zen in Medieval Japan.University of Hawai'i Press, 1993.

External links

• (in Japanese)Jakuen at Tsuratsura Wiki