Jordan Grand Prix
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| Base | Silverstone,Northamptonshire,England |
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| Founder(s) | Eddie Jordan |
| Noted staff | Gary Anderson Adrian Burgess Mike Gascoyne John Iley Sam Michael Rob Smedley Mark Gallagher |
| Noted drivers |  Bertrand Gachot Rubens Barrichello Giancarlo FisichellaJean Alesi Michael SchumacherHeinz-Harald FrentzenJarno TrulliRalf Schumacher Damon HillEddie Irvine Tiago MonteiroNick Heidfeld Takuma SatoMartin Brundle Bertrand GachotTimo Glock |
| Next name | Midland F1 Racing |
| Formula OneWorld Championship career | |
| First entry | 1991 United States Grand Prix |
| Races entered | 250 |
| Engines | Ford,Yamaha,Hart,Peugeot,Mugen-Honda,Honda,Toyota |
| Constructors' Championships | 0 (best finish: 3rd,1999) |
| Drivers' Championships | 0 (best finish: 3rd,1999,Frentzen) |
| Race victories | 4 |
| Podiums | 19 |
| Pole positions | 2 |
| Fastest laps | 2 |
| Final entry | 2005 Chinese Grand Prix |
Jordan Grand Prixwas aFormula Oneconstructor that competed from 1991 to 2005. The team was named after Irish businessman and founderEddie Jordan,and was based atSilverstone,UKbut raced with anIrish licence.[1]
In early 2005, the team was sold toMidland Group,[2]who competed for one final season as 'Jordan', before renaming the team asMF1 Racingfor the2006season. Later that same year, it was sold to Dutch car manufacturer,Spyker,to becomeSpyker F1for2007,[3]and then sold again to becomeForce Indiain2008.In 2018, as a result of thefinancial collapse of the Force India team,and its subsequent buyout by a consortium led byLawrence Stroll,the team's FIA entry was not transferred, and the Jordan Grand Prix's original entry came to an end.[4]
History
[edit]Early history
[edit]
Eddie Jordan had a brief stint as a race driver in the late 1970s before foundingEddie Jordan Racingin the early 1980s.[5]The team first came to prominence in the1983BritishFormula Threechampionship with a duel between one-time Jordan test driver[citation needed]Ayrton Sennaand Jordan-Ralt driverMartin Brundle.Brundle was edged out by the Brazilian at the last round of the championship. The team graduated toInternational Formula 3000for1988,winning its first race in the category withJohnny Herbertbehind the wheel. In1989,Jordan won the F3000 drivers' championship with future Formula One starJean Alesi.The team also ran future F1 drivers such asMartin DonnellyandEddie Irvinein F3000.
Formula One
[edit]The beginning
[edit]
Jordan's success in lower formulae inspired the creation of aFormula Oneprogramme for the1991season and a change of name to Jordan Grand Prix. The first driver to test a Jordan F1 car wasJohn Watson.Jordan hiredItalianveteranAndrea de Cesarisand BelgianBertrand Gachotto race his first cars, which were powered byFord.The team had a very solid debut finishing 5th in the Constructors' Championship, with de Cesaris finishing 9th in the Drivers' Championship. De Cesaris ran second for much of the Belgian Grand Prix, and was actually gaining on leader Ayrton Senna until the car failed in the closing laps. Gachot was sent to prison mid-season for attacking a taxi driver, and was replaced for theBelgian Grand PrixbyMichael Schumacher.The team received $150,000 fromMercedes-Benzin return for giving their young German sportscar star experience of Grand Prix racing.[6]Despite Jordan's agreement in principle with Mercedes to retain Schumacher for the remainder of the season, the German driver signed toBenetton-Fordfor the following race. Jordan applied for an injunction in the UK courts to prevent Schumacher driving for Benetton, but lost the case as they had not yet signed a contract.[7]Ousted Benetton driverRoberto Morenoand futureChamp Cartitle winnerAlessandro Zanardifilled the second car afterwards. Success for Jordan literally came at a high price. The team was forced to switch to cheaperYamahaengines for the1992season. WithMaurício GugelminandStefano Modenadriving, the team struggled badly and failed to score a point until the final race of the season.
1993saw further changes, with the team switching engine suppliers, this time toHart.Again, the season started with two new drivers,Ivan Capelliand Brazilian rookieRubens Barrichello.Capelli left after two races and five other drivers teamed with Barrichello during the 1993 campaign. Jordan only had moderate improvement, scoring three points. Signs of stability were beginning to show near the end of the season when Barrichello was joined byEddie Irvine,a former Jordan driver in F3000. Irvine finished sixth and secured a point on his debut Formula One race atSuzuka,memorably unlapping himself againstMcLaren'sAyrton Senna,in order to overtakeDamon Hill.After the race finished, an incensed Senna, infuriated by what he deemed as unsafe racing by Irvine in poor weather conditions, stormed into the Jordan garage and punched Irvine in the face after Irvine pushed him in a heated discussion.[8]
Barrichello and Irvine returned for the1994season, as did the Hart engines, but Irvine had a bad start to the season, earning a three-race ban for reckless driving. Barrichello earned the team their first top three finish in Japan at the Pacific Grand Prix, but was nearly killed during the following race inSan Marinoin a frightening qualifying crash. The team overcame these difficulties and returned to their initial form, repeating its fifth place finish in the Constructors' Championship with 28 points,[9]a notable achievement from a low budget team with an engine designed and built by Darrell O'Brien/Hart Engineering. Barrichello earned Jordan's first pole position after a gamble during a wet qualifying session in Belgium, and finished 6th in the Drivers' Championship with 19 points.
Jordan switched to full-worksPeugeotpower in1995after one season withMcLarenteam who switched to worksMercedes-Benzengines. During theCanadian Grand Prixthat year, both Barrichello and Irvine finished on the podium, finishing second and third respectively. It was the highlight to an unspectacular but relatively solid year for Jordan, as they hung around mid-pack to finish 6th in the Championship.
When Irvine left in1996to become Michael Schumacher's teammate at Ferrari, Jordan replaced him with veteranMartin Brundle,the ex-Le Mans winner and World Sportscar Champion. The team failed to make the podium, but both drivers managed to score a string of fourth-place finishes as the team scored yet another 5th among the constructors. 1996 also saw the team adopt their bright-yellow colour scheme which would become their trademark.
Late 1990s ascent
[edit]
1997saw the departure of both drivers from the previous year. Barrichello left for the newly formedStewart Grand Prix,whilst Brundle became a Formula One commentator forITV.Jordan replaced them withItalianGiancarlo Fisichella,who had raced forMinardithe previous year, and youngRalf Schumacher,Michael's brother. Again, the team finished 5th in the Championship, with Fisichella achieving two podium finishes. At Hockenheim, Fisichella had led the race, but lost out toGerhard Bergerbefore retiring when a puncture holed his car's radiator. The Italian's other highlight was scoring the fastest race lap at the Spanish Grand Prix. A lowlight of the season came in Argentina when Ralf Schumacher took out his Italian teammate during the race, which was tempered by Ralf's first podium.
In1998,the team made its biggest signing as former World ChampionDamon Hill,a graduate of Jordan'sF3000programme, replaced Fisichella. The team also replaced its Peugeots, which went toProst,withMugen Hondamotors. Up to the halfway point of the season, Jordan had failed to score a single point due to reliability problems. At that point, they signed Mike Gascoyne from Tyrrell to bolster the technical team and long-standing technical director Gary Anderson resigned a few months after.[10][11]Things improved greatly towards the end of the season and at that year's rain-soakedBelgian Grand Prixin which only six cars finished, Hill earned Jordan their first ever Formula One win, which was also Hill's 22nd career Grand Prix victory. Ralf Schumacher sweetened the victory by finishing second. However, it was later revealed to be team orders - Schumacher had been ordered not to pass Hill. Angered by this, his brother Michael told Jordan that Ralf would never race for the team again and subsequently bought out his brother's contract for 2 million pounds, this satisfied Jordan due to the scandal and manner of Michael's own switch from Jordan to Benetton back in 1991.[12]Hill finished 6th in the drivers' standings with Ralf 10th. Hill's last lap, last-corner move onHeinz-Harald Frentzenat Suzuka enabled him to finish the race in fourth and also earned Jordan fourth in the Constructors' Championship for 1998 (this was tempered by speculation that Frentzen had "gifted" the place to Hill, the German having confirmed a move to Jordan for 1999, after a tumultuous career with Williams).
With Frentzen and Ralf Schumacher swapping teams for1999(Frentzen at Jordan and Ralf atWilliams), the season would turn out to be a nightmare for Hill, who was to retire at the end of the season. However, Frentzen's season was immensely successful, with the German earning two victories and a pole position. For a short while Frentzen had entertained thoughts of a world title, but poor luck and greater speed from McLaren and Ferrari ended his hopes. Frentzen finished third in the Drivers' Championship and the team also finished third amongst the Constructors'. 1999 was to be the team's finest season.
Decline
[edit]
For2000Hill was replaced byJarno Trulli,fresh from a couple of years atProstandMinardi.His qualifying speed in particular impressed, but he was unable to score a podium. Frentzen was unable to replicate the success of 1999 and the team slipped back to 6th in the Constructors' Championship. The team had been on course for major points atMonaco,but poor luck intervened: Trulli was ahead of eventual winner David Coulthard until his gearbox failed, while Frentzen running in second place hit the wall at Sainte Devote with only eight laps to go.
Both drivers returned to start2001and Jordan switched to worksHondaengines which were already being supplied to rival teamBARafter Mugen left the sport at the end of 2000. This led to a battle for the right to use the Honda engines in the long term. Frentzen was released from the team in mid-season, a series of disagreements with team boss Eddie Jordan a possible explanation. Jordan himself has said that he dropped Frentzen to bring inTakuma Satofor 2002, an attempt to satisfy Honda. Frentzen was replaced by test driverRicardo Zontaat theGerman Grand Prix,but from thereafterJean Alesi,in the final stages of his Formula One career, took the seat. Amidst all the turmoil, Trulli finished in the points four times, and the team finished 5th in the Constructors' Championship for the fifth time, ahead of rivals BAR.
Jordan re-organised in2002,with Fisichella returning andTakuma Satojoining the team, thanks in no small part to Honda's influence. Due to a drop in sponsorship money the team slipped down the pecking order on the grid. Fisichella often qualified well, a sixth place on the grid inMontrealand a fifth place on the grid inBudapest.Yet results-wise, the Italian had to make do with a trio of fifth places and a sixth place from Hungary. Sato showed flashes of promise, but managed just two points athis home race.Despite the drop in form, Jordan still managed sixth in the championship, two places ahead of main rivals BAR.
Return to Ford
[edit]For2003,Hondaleft Jordan to concentrate on their partnership withBAR.Jordan had to make do withFordCosworthengines, and the season was not regarded as a success. Despite beating onlyMinardito score 9th in the standings, Jordan won in 2003. This came under bizarre circumstances in theBrazilian Grand Prixwhich was affected by rain. Following a massive accident on the start/finish straight, the race was red flagged and stopped. After some initial confusion,Giancarlo Fisichellawas initially ruled to have finished second behindKimi Räikkönenwho took the top step on the podium. However, anFIAinquiry several days later led to Fisichella being officially declared the winner of his first F1 race. Fisichella was therefore unable to celebrate his first career victory on the top step of the podium, although he and Räikkönen swapped their drivers' trophies in an impromptu ceremony at the followingrace in San Marino,whileMcLaren'sRon Dennishanded over the constructors' trophy toEddie Jordan.Aside from the opportunistic win, neither Fisichella nor rookie teammateRalph Firmanwere able to achieve any sort of success in theirEJ13s.After Firman was injured in practice for theHungarian Grand PrixJordan fielded the first everHungarianFormula One driver,Zsolt Baumgartner.Firman returned for the final two events, but was unable to add to the point he won in Spain. Fisichella only managed two points on top of his victory and unhappy at the team's form he departed forSauber.
In June 2003 Jordan sued mobile phone companyVodafonefor £150 million, claiming that the company had made a verbal contract for a three-year sponsorship, then given it toFerrariinstead. Jordan withdrew the action two months later, agreeing to pay Vodafone's costs. This was a double financial blow from which the team never recovered. The judge was highly critical ofEddie Jordan,branding the allegations against Vodafone "without foundation and false".[13]
In2004,Jordan struggled financially, and their status for the future was questionable. The team fieldedGermanNick Heidfeld,formerly of Sauber and Prost, andItalianrookieGiorgio Pantano.Ex-F3000 champion Heidfeld showed promise, but could not achieve many good results due to the car's initial pace being poor. Pantano's season was dogged by sponsorship problems. He missedCanadadue to a lack of funding, withTimo Glockstepping in to replace him. Glock managed to score two points on his debut, finishing just ahead of Heidfeld, although these had been earned after the twoToyotaandWilliamscars had been disqualified for brake duct irregularities. Later in the season, Glock replaced Pantano permanently. As in theprevious season,the team finished ahead of onlyMinardiat the bottom of the constructors standings.
Sale to Midland Group
[edit]AfterFord's decision to putCosworthup for sale, Jordan had been left without an engine deal for2005.However, at short notice,Toyotaagreed to supply Jordan with engines identical to those in theworksToyota cars. In 2005 after a constructors’ meeting at Heathrow, Bernie Ecclestone introducedAlex Schnaiderto Eddie Jordan. Six weeks later Eddie Jordan had sold the team to theMidland Groupfor $60 million. The day the deal was signed Eddie sat in Ian Phillips' office and was in tears.[14]
The Jordan name was retained for the2005season, before being changed toMidland MF1 Racingfor the2006season. Throughout 2005, journalists questioned whether Midland were in Formula One for the long haul. Rumours circulated throughout the season that the team was for sale, and that former driverEddie Irvinewas interested in buying them. The year also saw the debut of two new rookie drivers,Narain KarthikeyanandTiago Monteiro.2005 merely confirmed Jordan's status at the back of the grid. A final podium came in thehighly controversial race at Indianapolis,with Monteiro leading home a Jordan 3–4 after most rivals did not start. Monteiro managed an excellent eighth place at Spa in wet conditions to give the team its last point. Thefinal racefor the team saw a low-key exit, with Monteiro finishing 11th and Karthikeyan crashing out spectacularly.
Role in developing driver talent
[edit]Jordan Grand Prix was notable for providing the debut to a number of drivers who subsequently enjoyed considerable F1 and wider motor-racing careers. This was due to both Eddie Jordan's experience managing the careers of drivers (most notablyJean Alesi) before entering his own team to F1, and the team's ongoing need for funding which new drivers frequently brought via personal sponsorship. Notably successful drivers who began their F1 careers with Jordan include multiple World ChampionMichael Schumacher(1991),Championship Auto Racing Teams(CART) ChampionAlex Zanardi(1991), F1 race winnersRubens Barrichello(1993),Eddie Irvine(1993), andRalf Schumacher(1997), andIndy 500winnerTakuma Sato(2002). The close-knit and relaxed atmosphere of the team also allowed drivers who had failed to achieve expectations with other teams to perform at their best. Most notably,Heinz-Harald Frentzenwon two races to challenge for the 1999 World Championship, something he had failed to do for the much more competitiveWilliamsteam in 1997.Andrea de Cesarisrehabilitated his reputation from that of a 'crasher' to become a dependable driver during his season with the team in 1991, andJarno Trulli,Giancarlo FisichellaandNick Heidfeldeach used their time at Jordan Grand Prix to show potential and be recruited by larger teams.
As well as giving both Michael and Ralf Schumacher their F1 debuts, Jordan benefited from Germany's growing interest in Formula One during the 1990s and early 2000s, with the other notable German drivers of the era (Frentzen, Heidfeld, andTimo Glock) all driving for the team andDeutsche PostWorld Net being a major sponsor of the team from 2000 to 2003.
Sponsorship
[edit]In 1991, the team was sponsored by soft drink brand7 Up,but despite the team's moderately successful first season and Eddie Jordan saying the team had "more than fulfilled our part of the bargain",[15]the sponsorship was replaced by South African energy companySasoluntil 1994, withBarclaysupplementing until 1993. In the team's first year with Peugeot engines, fuel supplierTotalwas the title sponsor in 1995.
From 1996 to 2005,Benson & Hedgeswas the primary sponsor of Jordan. At races where the ban on cigarette advertising was in force, the name was replaced by "Bitten & Hisses" (in1997when Jordan's mascot was the snake Hissing Sid) or the names of the team's drivers,Giancarlo FisichellaandRalf Schumacher,with additional 'S's, "Buzzin Hornets" (while the mascot was an unnamed hornet from1998to2000), "Bitten Heroes" (during2001,when the team's mascot was a shark), and from2002to2005'Be On Edge' (BENSON& HEDGES). It was in the sponsor's first year that the team coloured their cars in the gold of their cigarette packet and then switched to yellow after that.
For2002,title sponsorship went to delivery companyDHL,before reverting to Benson & Hedges (which remained a major sponsor in 2002). At the 2004 and 2005 United States Grands Prix,Sobraniewas advertised instead; the team (along withScuderia Ferrari) had previously run non-tobacco liveries on previous United States Grands Prix due to U.S.Tobacco Master Settlement Agreementrequirements, as a clause in the settlement restrictedPhilip Morris USA(who holds the Benson & Hedges trademark in the United States) to one sponsorship, that ofTeam Penskein American open-wheel racing.[16]
EJ-10
[edit]EJ-10was anenergy drinkmarketed by the Jordan Formula One team. The energy drink was heavily advertised as free of caffeine and taurine to avoid asugar crash,and as having a fruity flavour and providing energy for up to 90 minutes. It was sold in bright yellow 250 mL and 380 mL bottles, decorated to evoke the image of Jordan'sFormula Onecars.[17]Jordan Grand Prix used theSutherland Hawesdesign agency to create and market the energy drink.[18]At the height of its popularity EJ-10 was available around the world, includingIreland,Germany,Colombia,Ecuador,Saudi Arabia,andMexico.[19][20]
In 2002, the 380 ml bottles of EJ-10 were recalled in Ireland after it was discovered it contained unacceptable levels ofbenzene.[21]
V-10is a spinoff of EJ-10; it retains the basic formula but addsvodka.[22]
Honda Civic Jordan
[edit]To commemorate the team's successful 1999 campaign powered by Mugen-Honda engines, Honda sold 500 limited editionHonda Civicmodels called Civic Jordan in the United Kingdom. Based on the EK4 VTi-S hatchback model, the cars were painted Sunlight Yellow and featured yellow-and-black leather interior, Jordan decals on the sides and rear of the car as well as stitched into the seats and floor carpets, and body kit partially based on the Japanese Type-R model. Apart from a signed Eddie Jordan plaque on the cars' centre console, the team had no involvement on the development on the car, which performed otherwise similar to a standard VTi model.
Books
[edit]Several books have been published that provided a comprehensive understanding of Jordan Grand Prix. The most comprehensive was the 1994 book Race Without End. Authored by Maurice Hamilton, a seasoned Formula 1 professional, this book chronicles the events and experiences of Jordan Grand Prix during the 1993 season.[23]
Racing record
[edit]
References
[edit]
- ^itv.com/f1 – The day EJ beat them all
- ^"Jordan Confirm Midland Takeover".www.autosport.com.2005-01-24.Retrieved2024-02-16.
- ^Phadnis,DHNS, Vivek."Rise and fall of Vijay Mallya's Force India F1 Team".Deccan Herald.Retrieved2024-02-16.
- ^"Force India allowed to keep prize money".Wheels.Retrieved2018-09-04.
- ^Jordan, Eddie (2007).An Independent Man.Orion Books.ISBN978-0-7528-8950-4.
- ^Collings, Timothy (2004).The Piranha Club.Virgin Books. p. 17.ISBN0-7535-0965-2.
- ^Collings, Timothy (2007).The Piranha Club.Virgin Books. Chapter 1 'Welcome to the Piranha Club'.ISBN978-1-85227-907-3.
- ^"Ayrton Senna Suzuka 1993".Themagicofsenna.com.Retrieved2014-02-04.
- ^"Standings".Formula 1® - The Official F1® Website.Retrieved2023-01-04.
- ^"Gascoyne joins Jordan".atlasf1.com.Retrieved2018-02-06.
- ^"Gary Anderson Leaves Jordan GP".Motorsport.com.Archived fromthe originalon 2018-02-07.Retrieved2018-02-06.
- ^George, Dhruv (2020-06-07)."How 2 Million Pounds Helped Michael Schumacher Rescue his Brother Ralf".EssentiallySports.Retrieved2020-10-25.
- ^"Judge criticises Jordan lawsuit".BBC News. 2003-08-04.Retrieved2010-10-04.
- ^Simon Taylor (November 2013)."Lunch with Ian Phillips".Motorsport Magazine.Retrieved19 August2021.
- ^"Staying... Andrea de Cesaris Who Is Expected To Re-Sign".Sunday Independent (Dublin).3 November 1991.Retrieved9 July2020– viaBritish Newspaper Archive.
- ^Vadja, Gabor."Ferrari, Jordan Sponsor Bumped by Penske at USGP, Firm Policies Itself".Archived fromthe originalon 15 November 2020.Retrieved16 May2020.
- ^Mattoni Drink WebsiteArchived2012-02-23 at theWayback Machine
- ^Sutherland Hawes WebsiteArchived2012-02-24 at theWayback Machine
- ^Telegraph.co.uk Website
- ^Tribune News Website[permanent dead link]
- ^Food Safety Authority of IrelandArchived2012-02-17 at theWayback Machine
- ^UK Intellectual Property Office
- ^Maurice., Hamilton (1994).Race without end: the grind behind the glamour of the SASOL Jordan Grand Prix team.Sparkford: Patrick Stephens.ISBN1852605006.OCLC30914440.
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