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Jordanian dinar

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Jordanian dinar
دينار أردني(Arabic)
Obverse of 1 Jordanian Dinar (5th Edition-2022)
ISO 4217
CodeJOD (numeric:400)
Subunit0.001
Unit
Symbolد.أ‎
Denominations
Subunit
 1⁄10dirham
 1⁄100qirshorpiastre
 1⁄1000fils
Banknotes1, 5, 10, 20, 50 dinars
Coins1, 5, 10 piastres/qirsh,1⁄4,1⁄2dinar
Demographics
Date of introduction1949
ReplacedPalestine pound
Official user(s)Jordan
Unofficial user(s)West Bank
Issuance
Central bankCentral Bank of Jordan
 Websitewww.cbj.gov.jo
Valuation
Inflation1.35%
 SourceThe World Factbook,2021 est.
Pegged withUS dollar[1]
US$=JOD0.708 (buy)
US$=JOD0.71 (sell)

TheJordanian dinar(Arabic:دينار أردني;code:JOD;unofficially abbreviated asJD) has been the currency ofJordansince 1950. The dinar is divided into 100qirsh(also calledpiastres) or 1000fulus.Fils are effectively obsolete; however, monetary amounts are still written to three decimal places representing fils. It is pegged to the US dollar.

TheCentral Bank of Jordancommenced operations in 1964 and became the sole issuer of Jordanian currency, in place of the Jordan Currency Board.

The Jordanian dinar is also widely used in theWest Bankalongside theIsraeli shekel.[2][3]

History[edit]

For a wider history surrounding currency in the region, seeBritish currency in the Middle East.

In 1927, the British administration of the Palestinian Mandate established the Palestine Currency Board which issued thePalestine poundwhich was the official currency in bothMandatory Palestineand theEmirate of Transjordan.Though Jordan became an independent kingdom on 25 May 1946, it continued to use the Palestinian pound for a while. In 1949, it passed the Provisional Act No. 35 of 1949, which established the Jordan Currency Board as the sole authority in the kingdom entitled to issue Jordanian currency, called the Jordanian dinar. The Board was based in London and consisted of a president and four members, and began issuing Jordanian dinars in 1949 and was exchangeable for Palestinian pounds at parity.

AfterJordanian occupation of the West Bankin April 1950, the dinar replaced the Palestinian pound. On 1 July 1950, the Jordanian dinar became the kingdom's official currency andlegal tender.The use of the Palestine pound ceased in the country on 30 September 1950. TheCentral Bank of Jordanwas established in 1959 and took over note production in 1964. In 1967, Jordan lost control of the West Bank, but the Jordanian dinar continued to be used there. It continues to be widely used in the West Bank alongside theIsraeli shekel.[2]

Coins[edit]

Coins were introduced in 1949 in denominations of 1, 5, 10, 20, 50 and 100 fils. The first issue of 1 fils were mistakenly minted with the denomination given as "1 fil". 20 fils coins were minted until 1965, with 25 fils introduced in 1968 and1⁄4dinar coins in 1970. The 1 fils coin was last minted in 1985. In 1996, smaller1⁄4dinar coins were introduced alongside1⁄2and 1 dinar coins.

Until 1992, coins were denominated inArabicusing fils, qirsh, dirham and dinar but inEnglishonly in fils and dinar. Since 1992, the fils and dirham are no longer used in the Arabic and the English denominations are given in dinar and either qirsh or piastres.

Value Diameter Weight Composition Edge Obverse Reverse First Minted Year Common Reference
1 qirsh 25 mm 5.5 g Copper-platedsteel Plain 2000
5 piastres (qirsh) 26 mm 5 g Nickel-platedsteel Milled 2000 50 fils'Shilin'
10 piastres (qirsh) 28 mm 8 g 100 fils,'Bareezah'
1⁄4dinar 26.5 mm
Heptagonal		 7.4 g Brass Plain 2004 Rub'a1,25 piastres, 250 fils
1⁄2dinar 29 mm
Heptagonal		 9.6 g Ring:Aluminium bronze
Center:Cupronickel		 Plain 2000 Nusf2,50 piastres, 500 fils
  1. rub'aisArabicfor "piece of four" or "quarter".
  2. nusfisArabicfor "piece of two" or "half".

Banknotes[edit]

The Central Bank of Jordan is the sole authority to issue Jordanian banknotes since its establishment in 1964. It released into circulation its first series of Jordanian notes on August 4, 1965. From 1949 to 1965, currency issue was entrusted in the Jordan Currency Board. Before 1949, the Palestinian pound was used.[4]

In 1949, banknotes were issued by the Jordan Currency Board in denominations of1⁄2,1, 5, 10 and 50 dinars. They bore the country's official name, "The Hashemite Kingdom of the Jordan".[5]20 dinar notes were introduced in 1977. The 50 dinar note was redesigned and the1⁄2dinar notes were replaced by coins in 1999.

Issues by the Jordan Currency Board[edit]

First Issue (1949–1952)[6][edit]

Obverse Reverse Value Dimensions Primary Color Obverse Reverse Printed Date
500 fils 128 x 76 mm[7] Dark Purple Wadi Al Arab Irrigation Project[7] View of shepherd with his flock[7] 1949 (Gregorian)

1368 (Hijri)

1 dinar 160 x 86 mm[8] Green The late His Majesty King Abdullah Oval Plaza -Jerash[8]
5 dinar 169 x 88 mm[9] Red View of Al-Khazneh[9]
10 dinar 185 x 97 mm[10] Blue
50 dinar 190 x 100 mm[11] Brown View from Aqaba[11]

Second Issue (1952–1965)[12][edit]

Obverse Reverse Value Dimensions Primary Color Obverse Reverse Printed Date
500 fils 128 x 76 mm[13] Dark Purple Wadi Al Arab Irrigation Project[13] View of shepherd with his flock[13] 1952 (Gregorian)

1371 (Hijri)

1 Dinar 160 x 86 mm[14] Green His Majesty the late King Hussein bin Talal Oval Plaza -Jerash[14]
5 Dinar 169 x 88 mm[15] Red View of Al-Khazneh
10 Dinar 185 x 97 mm[16] Blue

Issues by the Central Bank of Jordan[edit]

First Issue (1965–1975)[17][edit]

Obverse Reverse Value Dimensions Primary Color Obverse Reverse Issue Date
1⁄2dinar 140 x 70 mm[18] Dark Orange His Majesty the late King Hussein bin Talal Oval Forum -Jerash[18] August 4,

1965[18]

1 dinar 150 x 75 mm[18] Green Dome of the Rock[18] August 4, 1965[18]
5 dinar 164 x 82 mm[19] Red View of Al-Khazneh[19] August 4, 1965[19]
10 dinar 175 x 88 mm[20] Blue Al-Maghtas[20] August 4, 1965[20]

Second Issue (1975–1992)[21][edit]

Obverse/Reverse Value Dimensions Primary Color Obverse Reverse Issue Date
1⁄2dinar 136 × 67.5 mm[22] Brown His Majesty the late King Hussein bin Talal Oval Forum -Jerash[22] November 16, 1975[22]
1 dinar 144 × 71.5 mm[23] Green Dome of the Rock[23] November 16, 1975[23]
5 dinar 152 × 76 mm[24] Red View ofPetra[24] November 16, 1975[24]
10 dinar 160 × 80 mm[25] Dark Purple The Cultural Palace at Al-Hussein Youth Sports City Roman Amphitheater (Amman)[25]

Three Roman columns inJerash

November 16, 1975[25]
20 dinar 168 × 84 mm Olive Green/Blue[26] View of the Al-Hussein Thermal Power Station inZarqa

Olive grove[27]

June 3, 1978 (Olive Green)[4]

August 25, 1990 (Blue)[26]

Third Issue (1992–2002)[28][edit]

Obverse/Reverse Value Dimensions Primary Color Obverse Reverse Issue Date
1⁄2dinar 131 × 62 mm[29] Brown Hussein bin Talal Qusayr 'Amra[29] August 1, 1992[29][30]
1 dinar 137 × 66 mm[30] Green TheCardoinJerash[30]
5 dinar 143 × 70 mm[31] Red Al-Khazneh[31] October 1, 1992[31][32]
10 dinar 149 × 74 mm[32] Blue Ajloun Castle[32]
20 dinar 155 × 78 mm[33] Olive green and gray Dome of the Rock[33] August 1, 1992[33]

Fourth Issue (2002–2022)[28][edit]

Obverse Reverse Value Dimensions Main Color Obverse Reverse Printed Date Issued Date Watermark
1 dinar 133 × 74 mm[34] Green 2002
Hijri1423		 March 30, 2003[34] Sharif Hussein bin Ali
5 dinars 137 × 74 mm[35] Brick orange
  • Ma’an Palace
  • Umayyad coinminted in Jordan bearing the phrase "There is no god but Allah alone" on the left side[35]
 December 22, 2002[35][36] Abdullah I bin al-Hussein
10 dinars 141 × 74 mm[36] Blue
  • First Jordanian Parliament Building
  • Picture ofWadi Rumon the right side
  • Decorative motif from theAl Qastalarea dating back to the Umayyad period on the left side[36]
 Talal bin Abdullah
20 dinars 145 × 74 mm[37] Brown and Olive Green February 2, 2003[37][38] Hussein bin Talal
50 dinars 149 × 74 mm[38] Brown and Purple Abdullah II bin al-Hussein

Fifth Issue (2022–present)[39][edit]

Obverse Reverse Value Dimensions Main Color Obverse Reverse Printed Date Issued Date Watermark
1 dinar 133 × 74 mm[4] Green 2022
Hijri1443 		26 December 2022 Sharif Hussein bin Ali
5 dinars 137 × 74 mm Orange Treasury,Petra 16 August 2023 Abdullah I bin al-Hussein
10 dinars 141 × 74 mm Blue Roman Theaterin Amman 26 July 2023 Talal bin Abdullah
20 dinars 145 × 74 mm Cyan Wadi Mujib 21 March 2023 Hussein bin Talal
50 dinars 149 × 74 mm Purple Wadi Rum 5 February 2023 Abdullah bin al-Hussein II

Fixed exchange rate[edit]

Since October 23, 1995, the dinar has officially been pegged to theIMF'sspecial drawing rights(SDRs), while in practice it was fixed at 1U.S. dollar= 0.709 dinar most of the time, which is approximately 1 dinar = 1.41044 dollars.[40][41]The Central Bank buys U.S. dollars at 0.708 dinar per dollar, and sells U.S. dollars at 0.710 dinar per dollar.[42]

Current JOD exchange rates
FromGoogle Finance: AUDCADCHFCNYEURGBPHKDJPYUSDILSEURJPY
FromYahoo! Finance: AUDCADCHFCNYEURGBPHKDJPYUSDILSEURJPY
FromXE.com: AUDCADCHFCNYEURGBPHKDJPYUSDILSEURJPY
From OANDA: AUDCADCHFCNYEURGBPHKDJPYUSDILSEURJPY

A sample exchange rate of Jordanian dinars to US dollars:

Year US Dollar =
1980 0.29 dinar
1985 0.39 dinar
1990 0.66 dinar
1995 0.70 dinar
2020 0.71 dinar

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^"Exchange rates of major foreign currencies announced by CBJ".Retrieved14 June2016.[permanent dead link]
  2. ^abZacharia, Janine (2010-05-31)."Palestinian officials think about replacing Israeli shekel with Palestine pound".The Washington Post.ISSN0190-8286.Retrieved2018-08-22.
  3. ^Cobham, David (2004-09-15). "Alternative currency arrangements for a new Palestinian state". In David Cobham (ed.).The Economics of Palestine: Economic Policy and Institutional Reform for a Viable Palestine State(PDF).London: Routledge.ISBN9780415327619.Retrieved2018-08-22.
  4. ^abc"Banknotes - the Central Bank of Jordan".www.cbj.gov.jo.Retrieved2023-08-08.
  5. ^Linzmayer, Owen (2012). "Jordan".The Banknote Book.San Francisco, CA: www.BanknoteNews.com.
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  27. ^www.cbj.gov.johttps://www.cbj.gov.jo/DetailsPage/CBJAR/BanknotesVersions.aspx.Retrieved2023-08-08.{{cite web}}:Missing or empty|title=(help)
  28. ^ab"Central Bank of Jordan - Museum".Archived fromthe originalon 2005-03-11.Retrieved2005-09-11.
  29. ^abc"CBJ -".2007-10-26. Archived fromthe originalon 2007-10-26.Retrieved2023-08-08.
  30. ^abc"CBJ -".2007-10-26. Archived fromthe originalon 2007-10-26.Retrieved2023-08-08.
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  33. ^abc"CBJ -".2007-10-30. Archived fromthe originalon 2007-10-30.Retrieved2023-08-08.
  34. ^abcd"CBJ -".2007-10-23. Archived fromthe originalon 2007-10-23.Retrieved2023-08-08.
  35. ^abcd"CBJ -".2007-10-23. Archived fromthe originalon 2007-10-23.Retrieved2023-08-08.
  36. ^abcd"CBJ -".2007-10-23. Archived fromthe originalon 2007-10-23.Retrieved2023-08-08.
  37. ^abcd"CBJ -".2007-10-23. Archived fromthe originalon 2007-10-23.Retrieved2023-08-08.
  38. ^abcd"CBJ -".2007-10-26. Archived fromthe originalon 2007-10-26.Retrieved2023-08-08.
  39. ^"فئات أوراق النقد الأردني/الإصدار الخامس - البنك المركزي الاردني".www.cbj.gov.jo.Retrieved2023-03-21.
  40. ^Exchange Rate Fluctuations, Programme Management UnitArchived2004-07-19 at theWayback Machine
  41. ^Tables of modern monetary history: AsiaArchived2007-02-19 at theWayback Machine
  42. ^Report of the Working Party on the Accession of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan to the World Trade OrganizationArchived2008-06-25 at theWayback Machine

External links[edit]

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jordanian_dinar&oldid=1231110538"