2022
(Redirected fromJune 2022)
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2022(MMXXII) was acommon year starting on Saturdayof theGregorian calendar,the 2022nd year of theCommon Era(CE) andAnno Domini(AD) designations, the 22nd year of the3rd millenniumand the21st century,and the 3rd year of the2020sdecade.
The year saw the removal of nearly allCOVID-19 restrictionsand the reopening of international borders in most countries, while the global rollout ofCOVID-19 vaccinescontinued. The global economic recovery from the pandemic continued, though many countries experienced an ongoinginflation surge;in response, many central banks raised their interest rates to landmark levels.[1]Theworld populationreached eight billion people in 2022. The year also witnessed numerous natural disasters, including two devastatingAtlantic hurricanes(FionaandIan), andthe most powerful volcano eruption of the century so far.The later part of the year also saw the first public release ofChatGPTbyOpenAIstarting anarms race in artificial intelligencewhich increased in intensity into 2023, as well as thecollapseof the cryptocurrency exchangeFTX.
2022 was also dominated by wars and armed conflicts. While escalations into theinternal conflict in Myanmarand theTigray Wardominated the heightening of tensions within their regions and each caused over 10,000 deaths, 2022 was most notable for theRussian invasion of Ukraine,the largest armed conflict in Europe sinceWorld War II.The invasion caused thedisplacementof 15.7 millionUkrainians(8 millioninternally displaced personsand 7.7 millionrefugees), and led tointernational condemnations and sanctionsandnuclear threats,thewithdrawal of hundreds of companiesfromRussia,and theexclusion of Russia from major sporting events.
Events[edit]
January[edit]
- January 1– TheRegional Comprehensive Economic Partnership,the largestfree tradearea in the world, comes into effect forAustralia,Brunei,Cambodia,China,Indonesia,Japan,South Korea,Laos,Malaysia,Myanmar,New Zealand,thePhilippines,Singapore,Thailand,andVietnam.[2]
- January 2–Abdalla HamdokresignsasPrime Minister of Sudanamid deadly protests.[3]
- January 4– Thefive permanent members of the UN Security Council—China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom and the United States—issue a rare joint statement affirming that "anuclear warcannot be won and must never be fought. "[4]
- January 5– A nationwidestate of emergencyis declared inKazakhstanin response to the2022 Kazakh unrest.The cabinet of prime ministerAskar Maminresigns, while presidentKassym-Jomart Tokayevremoves former presidentNursultan Nazarbayev,widely regarded as being the real power in the country, from his position as Chairman of theSecurity Council of Kazakhstan.[5][6][7]
- January 6– TheCSTOdeploys a "peacekeeping" mission inKazakhstan,including Russianparatroopers,following a request byKazakh presidentTokayev.[8]
- January 7–COVID-19 pandemic:The number ofCOVID-19cases exceeds 300 million worldwide.[9]
- January 9–February 6– The2021 Africa Cup of Nationsis held inCameroon,withSenegalwinning their first championship.[10][11]
- January 10– The first successfulheart transplantfrom apig to a humanpatient occurs inBaltimore,Maryland,United States.[12][13]
- January 15– A largeeruptionofHunga Tonga–Hunga Ha'apai,a submarine volcano inTonga,triggerstsunamiwarnings in Australia,Canada,Chile,Fiji,Japan, New Zealand,Samoa,and the United States.[14]
- January 16–World No. 1tennis championNovak Djokovicisdeportedfrom Australia following a high-profile legal case regarding hisCOVID-19 vaccinationstatus, preventing his participation in the2022 Australian Open.[15][16][17]
- January 23
- Tropical Storm Anakills 115 people inMadagascar,MalawiandMozambique,days after aseries of floodskilled 11 people in Madagascar.[18][19]
- Acoup d'étatinBurkina Fasoremoves presidentRoch Kaboréfrom power. The Burkinabé military cites the government's failure to contain activities ofIslamist militantswithin the country as a reason for the coup.[20][21]
- January 24– The federal government underScott Morrisonannounces that, after more than three years of confidential negotiations, copyright ownership of theAustralian Aboriginal Flaghas been transferred to the Commonwealth.[22][23]
- January 28– COVID-19 pandemic: The number of vaccinations administered worldwide exceeds 10 billion.[24]
February[edit]
- February 3–Islamic StateleaderAbu Ibrahim al-Hashimi al-Qurashiis killed inAtmeduring acounter-terrorismraid byU.S. special forcesin north-westernSyria.[25]
- February 4– China and Russia issue a joint statement opposing furtherNATOexpansion, expressing "serious concerns" about theAUKUSsecurity pact, and pledging to cooperate with each other on a range of issues.[26]
- February 4–February 20– The2022 Winter Olympicsare held inBeijing,China, making it the first city ever to host both theSummer OlympicsandWinter Olympics.[27]
- February 5–Cyclone Batsiraikills a total of 123 people across Madagascar,Mauritius,andRéuniontwo weeks afterTropical Storm Anakilled 115 people in the same region.[28]
- February 6–Queen Elizabeth IIcelebrates her "Platinum Jubilee",marking 70 years as Queen of the United Kingdom.[29]
- February 9– The biggest breakthrough infusion energysince 1997 is reported at theJoint European TorusinOxford,the UK, with 59 megajoules produced over five seconds (11 megawatts of power), more than double the previous record.[30]
- February 21–February 24– Russian PresidentVladimir Putinsigns a decree declaring theLuhansk People's RepublicandDonetsk People's Republicas independent fromUkraine,and, despite international condemnation and sanctions, beginsa full-scale invasion of Ukraine;at dawn on 24 February missiles strikeKyiv.[31][32][33]Ukraine seversdiplomatic relations with Russia,[34]followed by theFederated States of Micronesiaon 25 February.[35]
- February 26– Russian invasion of Ukraine: The EU, US, and their allies commit to removing Russian banks from theSWIFTpayment system, as well as imposing measures on theRussian Central Bankand further restrictions on Russian elites. These and other sanctions fuel afinancial crisisin Russia.[36][37]
- February 27
- Russian invasion of Ukraine: Putin orders Russia'snuclear deterrent forcesto be on "special alert", their highest level, in response to what he calls "aggressive statements" by NATO.[38]The move is condemned by the US.[39]
- Russian invasion of Ukraine: European nations ban Russian flights in their airspace.[40]
- In aconstitutional referendum,Belarus votes to revoke itsnon-nuclear statusand to allow the country to host Russian forces permanently.[41][42]
- February 28
- TheIntergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC) releases the second part of itsSixth Assessment Reportonclimate change.It concludes that many impacts are on the verge of becoming "irreversible".[43][44]
- Russian invasion of Ukraine: Russian and Ukrainian officials meet on the Belarus-Ukraine border for the first round of peace talks, with no resolution.[45]
- Russian invasion of Ukraine: Football governing bodiesFIFAandUEFAsuspend Russian clubs and national teams from all competitions.[46]
- 2022 Russian financial crisis:In an unprecedented move,Switzerland,Monaco,SingaporeandSouth Koreaimpose unilateral sanctions over Russia including the introduction ofexport controlsandasset freezes.[47][48][49]
March[edit]
- March 1
- Russian invasion of Ukraine:World Athleticsbans both Russia and Belarus from competing in all of its events.[50]
- Russian invasion of Ukraine: In an emergency session,United Nationsmember states pass a resolution deploring Russia's invasion of Ukraine and calling for the immediate withdrawal of its forces.[51]
- March 2
- Russian invasion of Ukraine: Russiacaptures its first large city,the Black Sea port ofKherson,as shelling intensifies across many parts of Ukraine, including civilian areas.[52]
- Russian invasion of Ukraine: The United Nations reports that over a millionrefugeeshave now fled from Ukraine to other countries.[53]
- TheInternational Criminal Courtbegins an investigation into possiblewar crimescommitted by Russia in Ukraine.[54]
- March 3
- Russian invasion of Ukraine: Russia is condemned by world leaders following an attack by its troops on theZaporizhzhia nuclear plant– the largest in Europe – which led to a fire at the site.[55]
- TheNational Assembly of Armeniaelectsincumbentminister of High-Tech Industryand formermayor of Yerevan,Vahagn Khachaturyan,aspresident of Armeniafollowing the resignation ofArmen Sarkissian.[56][57]
- March 4–March 13– The2022 Winter Paralympicsare held inBeijing,China, making it the first city to host bothSummer ParalympicsandWinter Paralympics.[58]
- March 4–Insurgency in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa:An Afghan man on behalf of theIslamic State – Khorasan Provincecommits asuicide attackat aShiamosqueinPeshawar,Khyber Pakhtunkhwa,Pakistan,killing 63 people.[59]
- March 5– Researchers in theAntarcticfindEndurance,one of the greatest ever undiscoveredshipwrecks,which sank in1915duringErnest Shackleton's exploration.[60]
- March 7–COVID-19 pandemic:The global death toll from COVID-19 surpasses 6 million.[61]
- March 8– The US and UK announce a ban onRussian oil,while the EU announces a two-thirds reduction in its demand forRussian gas.[62]
- March 9
- 2022 South Korean presidential election:People Power PartycandidateYoon Suk-yeolis narrowly elected President of South Korea.[63]
- Russian invasion of Ukraine: Russia is condemned by world leaders following anair strike in Mariupolthat destroys a hospital including a maternity and children's ward.[64]
- March 10– TheNational Assembly of Hungaryelectsformer minister for Family Affairs,Katalin Novák,aspresident of Hungaryin a 137–51 vote.[65][66]
- March 11–Gabriel Boricis sworn in asPresident of Chile.He becomes the youngest head of state in the nation's history and the first to be born during themilitary dictatorshipofAugusto Pinochet.[67][68]
- March 12–2022 Turkmenistan presidential election:Serdar Berdimuhamedow,son of former PresidentGurbanguly Berdimuhamedow,wins with 89% of the total votes.[69]
- March 16– Russian invasion of Ukraine: A Russianairstrike on the Mariupol TheatreinMariupolkills an estimated 600 civilians sheltering inside.[70]
- March 19– Theapostolic constitutionPraedicate evangelium,reforming theRoman Curia,ispromulgatedbyPope Francis,coming into force on 5 June.[71]
- March 21–China Eastern Airlines Flight 5735crashes inGuangxi,China, killing all 133 people on board.[72]
- March 24– Russian invasion of Ukraine: NATO announces that four new battlegroups totaling 40,000 troops will be deployed inBulgaria,Hungary,RomaniaandSlovakia,along with enhanced readiness for potential chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear threats.[73][74]
- March 27– TheM23 offensivebegins inNorth Kivu,Democratic Republic of the Congo.[75]
- March 29– The Democratic Republic of the Congo is admitted to theEast African Community.[76]
- March 31–Expo 2020closes inDubaiafter a 6-month run; originally scheduled for 10 April 2021, it was delayed due to theCOVID-19 pandemic.[77]
April[edit]
- April 3
- Russian invasion of Ukraine: As Russia's forces retreat from areas near Kyiv, it is accused by Ukraine ofwar crimes,amid mounting evidence of indiscriminate civilian killings, including theBucha massacre.[78][79]
- The second round of voting of the2022 Costa Rican general electionis held, andSocial Democratic Progress Partypresidential candidateRodrigo Chaves Roblesis electedpresident.[80][81]
- April 4– TheIntergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC) releases the third and final part of itsSixth Assessment Reportonclimate change,warning thatgreenhouse gas emissionsmust peak by2025at the latest and decline 43% by2030,in order to limit global warming to 1.5 °C (2.7 °F).[82][83]
- April 6– The first knowndinosaurfossillinked to the very day of theChicxulub impactis reported bypalaeontologists.[84]
- April 7
- TheUNvotes by 93–24 to suspend Russia from theHuman Rights Council,with 58 countries abstaining.[85]
- President of YemenAbdrabbuh Mansur Hadiresigns from office, dismissesvice presidentAli Mohsen al-Ahmar,and transfers both offices' powers to the newly formed eight-memberPresidential Leadership Council,chaired byRashad al-Alimi.[86][87]
- April 8
- Russian invasion of Ukraine: Russia is condemned by world leaders following a missile attack onKramatorsk train station,which kills 59 civilians trying to evacuate, including seven children.[88][89]
- Global food pricesincrease to their highest level since the UN'sFood Price Indexbegan in 1990, with commodities such as wheat rising by nearly 20% as a result of the Ukraine crisis.[90][91]
- April 11– TheNational Assembly of Pakistanelectsleader of the oppositionShehbaz Sharifasprime minister of Pakistan,afterImran Khanis removed from office following amotion of no confidencetwo days prior.[92][93]
- April 13– COVID-19 pandemic: The number of confirmed cases exceeds 500 million worldwide.[94]
- April 14– Russian invasion of Ukraine: The Russian flagshipMoskvabecomes the largest warship to besunkin action sinceWorld War II.Ukraine claims to have struck it withNeptune anti-ship missiles,while Russia claims it sank during stormy weather after an onboard fire.[95][96]
- April 18– Russian invasion of Ukraine: Thebattle of Donbasbegins, leading to the deaths of several thousand military personnel and civilians.[97]
- April 19– The second round of voting of the2022 East Timorese presidential electionis held and theNational Congress for Timorese Reconstructionparty presidential candidate, formerpresidentand formerprime ministerJosé Ramos-Hortais elected.[98][99][100]
- April 20– AEuropean Southern Observatoryteam announce the discovery ofmicronovae,a new type of exploding star.[101]
- April 22– TheLarge Hadron Colliderrecommences full operations, three years after being shut down for upgrades.[102][103]
- April 24– The2022 Slovenian parliamentary electionis held to elect all 90 members of theNational Assembly of Slovenia,the lower house of theSlovenian Parliament;theFreedom Movementparty becomes the largest party, winning 41 of 90 seats.[104][105][106]
- April 25–Elon Muskreaches an agreement toacquirethe social media networkTwitter(which he later rebrands as X) for $44 billion USD, which later closes in October.[107][108]
- April 27– The European Union accuses Russia of blackmail after gas supplies to Poland and Bulgaria are halted by energy giantGazprom.[109]
- April 28– TheParliament of Montenegroelects a new government withDritan Abazovićasprime minister,following a motion of no confidence against the government ofZdravko Krivokapić.[110][111]
May[edit]
- May 6–2022 monkeypox outbreak:Anoutbreakofmonkeypoxbegins when the firstmonkeypox viruscase is reported inLondon,theUnited Kingdom.[112]
- May 9
- Prime Minister of Sri LankaMahinda Rajapaksaresigns as a result ofmassive protestsagainst his government across the country. He is succeeded byRanil Wickremesingheas prime minister three days later.[113][114]
- 2022 Philippine presidential election:Bongbong MarcosandSara Duterteare elected the 17thPresidentand 15thVice President of the Philippinesin alandslide victory.[115][116]
- May 10–May 14– TheEurovision Song Contest 2022is held inTurin,Italy.The contest is won by Ukrainian folk-rap groupKalush Orchestrawith their song "Stefania".[117][118]
- May 12– TheEvent Horizon Telescopecollaboration reveals its first image ofSagittarius A*,the supermassive black hole at the centre of theMilky Way.[119]
- May 13–Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyanis elected as the 3rd president of the United Arab Emirates by theFederal Supreme Councilfollowing the death ofKhalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyana day earlier.[120][121]
- May 15– FormerPresident of SomaliaHassan Sheikh Mohamudis elected president again, beating PresidentMohamed Abdullahi Mohamed.[122]
- May 16–Russian invasion of Ukraine:TheSiege of Mariupolends in a Russian victory as Ukrainian troops are evacuated fromMariupol.[123][124]
- May 20–2022 monkeypox outbreak:TheWorld Health Organization(WHO) holds an emergency meeting to discuss the spread ofmonkeypoxin nearly a dozen countries, as the number of reported cases reaches 100.[125][126]
- May 21–2022 Australian federal election:TheLaborparty, led byAnthony Albanese,defeats theLiberal-NationalCoalitiongovernmentled byPrime MinisterScott Morrison.Albanese would be sworn in onMay 23.[127][128]
- May 24–Uvalde school shooting:18-year-old Salvador Ramos fatally shoots 19 students and two teachers atRobb Elementary School.
- May 27–Fijiannounces that it will become the 14th member of theIndo-Pacific Economic Framework for Prosperityin order to counter Chinese influence in the Pacific. This comes amid a visit by Chinese foreign ministerWang YitoKiribati.[129]
- May 28– Spanish clubReal Madridbeat English clubLiverpool1–0 to win theUEFA Champions Leaguefinalplayed at theStade de FranceinParis,France.[130]
June[edit]
- June 4– Retired generalBajram Begajis elected the9th President of Albaniaby theparliamentin the 4th round of voting.[131]
- June 5– At least 50 people are killed in a dualmass shooting-bomb attackinOwo,Nigeria.[132]
- June 14–CanadaandDenmarkend their competing claims forHans Islandby dividing the island roughly in half, ending what was referred to as theWhisky War.[133]
- June 19
- The second round of the2022 legislative electionis held in France, resulting in ahung parliament,with President Macron'scoalitionlosing its majority in theNational Assembly.A newly-formedcoalition of left-wing parties,led by far-leftJean-Luc Mélenchon,makes significant gains.Marine Le Pen's far-rightNational Rallyalso makes historic gains, increasing its number of MPs tenfold and becoming the largest opposition party in Parliament. Two weeks later, Macron's government is reshuffled, continuing as aminority administration.[134]
- The second round of the2022 Colombian presidential electionis held, and formerguerrilla fighterfor the19th of April Movementand incumbentsenator,Gustavo Petro,defeats businessman and former mayor ofBucaramanga,Rodolfo Hernández Suárez.[135][136][137]
- June 22– A6.2 earthquakestrikes theDurand Linebetween Afghanistan and Pakistan, killing at least 1,163 people.[138][139][140]
- June 23–Dickon Mitchell's party wins a majority of seats inGrenada's general election,defeating Prime MinisterKeith Mitchell's party. Mitchell is appointedPrime Minister of Grenada,following Keith Mitchell's resignation on June 24.[141]
- June 26–G7leaders gather fora summit in Germanyto discuss the situation in Ukraine. A ban on imports of Russian gold is announced.[142]
- June 27– 53 migrants from Mexico, Honduras, Guatemala, and El Salvadorare found deadin a tractor trailer inSan Antonio,Texas,United States.[143]
- June 28–June 30–A NATO summit is held in Madrid, Spainalong with the presence of guest countries from the European Union and theIndo-Pacificprimarily searching for a consensual defensive reinforcement after the Russian invasion of Ukraine and the sustained threatening over the territorial integrity of other countries.[144]
July[edit]
- July 1–Yair LapidsucceedsNaftali BennettasPrime Minister of Israel,while Bennett succeeds Lapid asAlternate Prime Minister of Israel;this arrangement had been created after the2021 Israeli legislative election,in which no party won an outright majority.[145][146]
- July 6–July 31–UEFA Women's Euro 2022is held inEngland,with the hostswinning their first major tournament since 1966.[147]
- July 7–July 17– The2022 World Gamesis held inBirmingham,Alabama,United States.[148]
- July 7– After revelations overhis appointment of Chris Pincher as Deputy Chief Whiptriggered aseries of resignations from his government,UK Prime MinisterBoris Johnsonannounces his intention to resign, triggering theJuly–September 2022 Conservative Party leadership election.[149][150]
- July 8– FormerPrime Minister of JapanShinzo Abeisassassinatedwhile giving a public speech in the city ofNara,Japan.[151]
- July 11–The first operational imagefrom theJames Webb Space Telescope,showing the galaxy clusterSMACS 0723,is revealed to the public.[152]
- July 18–Droupadi MurmuiselectedasPresident of India,making her the first tribal woman and youngest person to be elected to the office.[153]
- July 19–2022 European heat waves:A series of severe heatwaves from July to August hit Europe, causing at least 53,000 deaths and additionally causingmajor wildfires,travel disruption, and record high temperatures in many countries.[154][155]
- July 21
- TheParliament of Sri LankaelectsPrime MinisterRanil WickremesingheasPresident of Sri Lanka,[156]following the resignation ofGotabaya Rajapaksaamidprotestsover the ongoingeconomic crisis.[157]
- TheEuropean Central Bankraises its key interest rate for the first time in more than 11 years, from minus 0.5 per cent to zero, with plans for further increases later in the year.[158]
- July 23– TheWorld Health Organization(WHO) declares the recentmonkeypox outbreakaPublic Health Emergency of International Concern,as the number of reported cases exceeds 17,000 in 75 countries.[159]
- July 27– A7.0 earthquakestrikes the island ofLuzonin thePhilippineskilling 11 people and injuring over 600.[160]
- July 28–August 8– The2022 Commonwealth Gamesis held inBirmingham,England.[161]
- July 31–Ayman al-Zawahiri,the Egyptian terrorist who became the 2nd Emir ofal-QaedaafterOsama bin Laden'sdeathin 2011, iskilledin an airstrike in Kabul, Afghanistan conducted by theUnited States'Central Intelligence Agency.[162]
August[edit]
- August 4
- China conducts its largest evermilitary exercisearound Taiwan in response toa controversial visitbyNancy Pelosi,the highest-ranking U.S. official to visit Taiwan since the1990s.[163][164]
- ThePrime Minister of Peru,Aníbal Torres,resigns following multiple criminal investigations against thePresident of Peru,Pedro Castillo.[165]
- August 5–August 7–Israellaunches airstrikesin theGaza Strip,killingIslamic Jihadmilitary leaderTayseer Jabari.Both parties agree to aceasefireafter three days of skirmish.[166][167]
- August 6–Terrance Drewis sworn in asprime minister of Saint Kitts and Nevis.[168]
- August 9–2022 Kenyan general election:William Rutois elected as Kenya's 5thpresident,defeating longtime opposition leaderRaila Odinga.His victory is certified by the nation'selection supervisory agencyonAugust 15amid protests and violence by Odinga supporters.[169][170][171]
- August 10– Spanish clubReal Madridbeat German clubEintracht Frankfurt2–0 to win the2022 UEFA Super Cupplayed at theOlympic StadiuminHelsinki,Finland.[172]
- August 12– Indian-born British-American novelistSalman Rushdieisstabbed multiple timesas he is about to give a public lecture at theChautauqua InstitutioninChautauqua, New York,United States.[173][174]
- August 17–TurkeyandIsraelagree torestore full diplomatic relationsafter a period of tensions.[175]
- August 19– Thecoalition governmentofMontenegrin prime ministerDritan Abazovićcollapses after the 81-seatParliament of Montenegropasses a motion of no confidence in a vote of 50–1, following dispute within the coalition over an agreement the government signed with theSerbian Orthodox Church.[176][177]
- August 27–September 11– The2022 Asia Cupis held in theUnited Arab Emirates,andis wonbySri Lanka.[178]
- August 28–2022 Pakistan floods:Pakistan declares a "climate catastrophe" and appeals for international assistance, as the death toll from recent flooding in the country exceeds 1,000, the world's deadliest flood since 2017. Several nations, alongside the UN, pledge millions in funding for aid.[179][180]
- August 30– The last Soviet Leader,Mikhail Gorbachevdied at the age of 91.[181]
September[edit]
- September 1– TheUNreleasesa reportstating that the Chinese government'sXinjiang internment campsandtreatment ofUyghursmay constitutecrimes against humanity.[182]
- September 2–Russian invasion of Ukraine:TheG7economies agree to impose aprice caponRussian petroleum exports.[183]
- September 5– A6.8 earthquakestrikesLuding CountyinSichuan province,China,killing 117 and injuring 424.[184]
- September 6–Liz Trussis appointedPrime Minister of the United Kingdomafter winning theJuly–September 2022 Conservative Party leadership election.[185]
- September 8– QueenElizabeth IIof theUnited Kingdomand 14 otherCommonwealth realmsdiesatBalmoral Castlein Scotland at the age of 96. Her sonCharles IIIsucceeds her as King.[186][187]
- September 11– The2022 Swedish general electionis held to elect all 349 seats of theRiksdag.Prime MinisterMagdalena Anderssonresigns after her centre-left bloc narrowly loses to a bloc of right-wing parties, 176 seats to 173;[188]Andersson is succeeded as prime minister byUlf Kristerssonin October.
- September 12–September 2022 Armenia–Azerbaijan clashes:AzerbaijanattacksArmenianpositions near the cities ofVardenis,Goris,SotkandJermuk,and occupies certain areas of its territory along theArmenia–Azerbaijan border.Over the next few days, more than 100 Armenian soldiers are killed in the clashes, while Azerbaijan acknowledges 71 fatalities among its forces.[189]
- September 14–September 20–2022 Kyrgyzstan–Tajikistan clashes:Dozens are killed as sporadic clashes occur between Kyrgyz and Tajik troops along theircountries' respective border.[190]
- September 14–September 25– TheAtlantic hurricaneFionahitsGuadeloupe,Puerto Rico,theDominican Republic,theLucayan Archipelago,Bermuda,andEastern Canada.[191]
- September 16–Protestserupt inIranfollowing thedeath of Mahsa Aminiin the custody of the country's "morality police".[192]
- September 19– Thestate funeralofElizabeth IIis held inWestminster Abbey,London.Her coffin is then taken by procession toWindsor Castlefor burial withher husband,parentsandsisterin theKing George VI Memorial Chapel.[193]The funeral is speculated to be the most watched television event in world history.[194]
- September 21–Russian invasion of Ukraine:Following a majorcounteroffensiveby Ukraine in the east of the country, Putin announces apartial mobilisationof Russia andthreatens nuclear retaliation,saying "this is not a bluff".[195]
- September 22–October 1– The2022 FIBA Women's Basketball World Cupis held inSydney,Australia.[196]In the final,United Stateswins 83–61 againstChina.[197]
- September 24– The2022 Nauruan parliamentary electionwas held which sawUbenideparliament memberRuss Kunbe electedpresidentby parliament.[198]
- September 25– The2022 Italian general electionis held to elect all 400 seats of theChamber of Deputiesand 200 seats of theSenate of the Republic(reduced from 630 and 215 respectively according to the outcome of the2020 constitutional referendum).[199]Observers commented that the results shifted thegeopoliticsof theEuropean Union,followingfar-rightgains in France, Spain, and Sweden.[200][201][202]It was also noted that the election outcome would mark Italy's mostright-winggovernment since 1945.[203][204][205]
- September 26
- NASA'sDARTcrashes into the asteroidDimorphosin a first test of potentialplanetary defense.[206]
- TheNord Stream pipeline sabotageoccurs by an unknown perpetrator off the coast ofBornholm,Denmark with explosions on two pipelines leaving them inoperable.[207]
- September 27–September 30–Hurricane IanimpactsCubaand theUnited States,causing catastrophic damage to both nations, killing at least 157 people, 16 missing, and leaving millions without power, including the entire nation of Cuba.[208][209]
- September 27– Russian occupation authorities inUkraineclaim that theirannexation referendumsshow an overwhelming support for theannexationby Russia of theDonetsk People's Republic,theLuhansk People's Republic,and parts ofKherson OblastandZaporizhzhia Oblast.However, the voting is widely dismissed as asham referendum.[210][211]
- September 30
- Annexation of Southern and Eastern Ukraine:Russian PresidentVladimir Putinsigns treaties absorbing the occupied regions ofDonetsk,Luhansk,KhersonandZaporizhzhiainto theRussian Federation.This annexation is seen as a breach of international law by the global community.[212][213]
- Burkina Faso's military juntais overthrownby the country's second coup of the year, led by army captainIbrahim Traoré.[214]
October[edit]
- October 1– A fatalhuman crushoccurs during an association football match atKanjuruhan StadiuminMalang Regency,East Java,Indonesia,killing 135 people and injuring more than 500.[215][216]
- October 5–OPEC+imposes a production cut of up to 2 million barrels per day.[217]
- October 8–Russian invasion of Ukraine:Anexplosionoccurs on theCrimean BridgeconnectingCrimeaandRussia,killing three and causing a partial collapse of the only road bridge between the Crimean Peninsula and the Russian mainland.[218]Two days later,retaliatory missile strikesare conducted by Russia across Ukraine, the most widespread since the start of the invasion, notably includingattacks on Kyiv.[219]
- October 16–October 23– The20th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Partyis held.Xi Jinpingis elected asGeneral Secretaryby theCentral Committee,beginning a third term as theparamount leaderofChina.[220][221]
- October 20– After 45 days in office,Liz Trussannounced her resignation as leader of the Conservative Party and her intention to resign as prime minister of the United Kingdom.[222]
- October 25– Amid agovernment crisis,Rishi SunakbecomesPrime Minister of the United Kingdom,following the resignation ofLiz Trussthe previous week resulting in a 50-day tenure.[223]
- October 28
- Elon Muskcompleteshis $44 billion acquisitionofTwitter.[224]
- Sam Matekaneis sworn in asPrime MinisterofLesothoafter securing a victory in the 7 Octoberelections.[225]
- October 29
- At least 158 people are killed and another 197 injured in acrowd crushduring Halloween festivities in Seoul, South Korea.[226]
- Adouble car bombingbyal-ShabaabinMogadishu,Somaliakills at least 121 people and injures around 300.[227][228]
- Russian invasion of Ukraine:In response to an alleged Ukrainiandrone attackagainst theBlack Sea Fleet,Russia withdraw from aU.N.-brokered deal on the shipment of grain, which had brought down soaring globalfood prices.[229]
- October 30
- 2022 Brazilian general election:Luiz Inácio Lula da Silvadefeats incumbentJair Bolsonaroin arunoffelection after neither candidate secured a majority in the first round of voting. Lula da Silva is the first president elected three times, and also the oldest one, at 77.[230][231]
- Thecollapse of a suspension bridgein Gujarat, India, leaves at least 135 dead.[232][233]
November[edit]
- November 1
- 2022 Israeli legislative election:Ablocof right-wing and far-right political parties led by formerPrime MinisterBenjamin Netanyahuwins a 64-seat majority (out of 120), allowing him to be sworn in as Prime Minister of Israel for a third time in December.[234][235][236][237]
- 2022 Danish general election:A bloc of left-leaning political parties wins a narrow one-seat majority of 90 seats.[238][239]IncumbentPrime MinisterMette Frederiksen'ssecond governmenttakes office, in December not using the left-leaning majority but instead consisting ofVenstreand theModerates.
- November 2–November 3–Tigray War:TheEthiopian governmentand theTPLFagree to a formal cessation of hostilities, signing apeace agreementinPretoria,South Africa.[240][241]
- November 6–November 18– The2022 United Nations Climate Change Conference(COP27) onclimate change mitigationtakes place inSharm el-Sheikh,Egypt.[242][243]
- November 11
- Thecryptocurrency exchangeFTX,once valued at $18 billion,[244]filesforChapter 11bankruptcy,[245]in a collapse that affects thecryptocurrencyenvironment.[246][247]
- Russian invasion of Ukraine:UkrainianforcesrecaptureKherson,the onlyregionalcapital to be taken byRussiasince the start of the war.[248][249]
- November 15
- Theworld populationreaches 8 billion.[250][251]
- The2022 G20 Bali summitinBali,Indonesiatakes place.[252]
- November 16– NASA launchesArtemis 1,the first uncrewed mission of itsSpace Launch System,the most powerful rocket ever to reach orbit. The onboardOrioncapsule orbits theMoonbefore returning to Earth, as a demonstration of planned human missions.[253][254]
- November 19– The2022 Malaysian general electionresults in ahung parliament,which is the first in the country's history. Long-timeopposition leaderAnwar Ibrahimis appointed byYang di-Pertuan AgongAbdullahasprime ministerfive days later to break the political deadlock and form aunity government.[255][256]
- November 19–November 26– The2022 Central American and Caribbean Beach Gamesare held inSanta Marta,Colombia.[257]
- November 20–December 18– The2022 FIFA World Cupis held inQatarandwonbyArgentina.[258]
- November 20–2022 Nepalese general election:TheNepali Congress,led byPrime MinisterSher Bahadur Deuba,emerged as the largest party with 89 seats, but the governing bloc falls short of the majority by two seats, leading into likely coalition government.[259][260]
- November 21– A5.6 earthquakestrikes nearCianjurinWest Java,Indonesia,killing 635 people and injuring 7,700 more.
- November 30–OpenAIreleasesChatGPT,anartificial intelligencechatbotable to answer questions and write essays.[261][262]
December[edit]
- December 2– TheG7andAustraliajoin theEUin imposing a cap of $60 a barrel on Russian crude oil, designed to "preventRussiafrom profiting from its war of aggression against Ukraine. "[263]
- December 5– TheNational Ignition Facilityachievesfusion ignition,a major milestone in the development ofnuclear fusion power.[264][265][266]
- December 7
- TheCongressofPeruremovesPresidentPedro Castillofrom office and arrests him after he tries to dissolve congress in acoup attempt,Vice PresidentDina Boluartesucceeds him.[267]
- After substantialprotestsagainst China'sZero-COVIDpolicies, the Chinese government eases on its COVID restrictions.[268][269]
- December 17–Leo VaradkarsucceedsMicheál MartinasTaoiseach(Prime Minister) ofIreland,as part of arotationagreement made in 2020.[270]
- December 18–Argentinawins the2022 FIFA World Cupagainst runners-upFrance.[271]
- December 19– At theUN Biodiversity Conference (COP15),nearly 200 countries agree a landmark deal to protect a third of the planet for nature by 2030.[272][273]
- December 21–December 26– Amajor winter stormhits the northern United States and southern Canada. Killing at least 91 people, the storm also severely disrupts North American air traffic, with Southwest Airlines alonecanceling more than half of its schedule.[274][275]
- December 24–2022 Fijian general election:TheParliament of FijielectsSitiveni RabukaasPrime Minister of Fiji,defeating incumbent Prime MinisterFrank Bainimaramaafter a contentious election.[276]
- December 29–BrazilianfootballlegendPelédies at the age of 82, with his funeral being held at theVila Belmirostadium inSantos.[277][278]
- December 31– FormerPope Benedict XVIdiesat the age of 95, with his funeral being held inSt. Peter's Square,presided over byPope FrancisandCardinal Giovanni Battista Re.[279][280]
Demographics[edit]
Theworld populationwas estimated to have reached 8 billion on15 November2022, 11 years after it reached 7 billion.Chinawas the most populous country throughout the year, followed byIndia.Africawas the fastest growing continent.[281]
Deaths[edit]
Nobel Prizes[edit]
| Category | Recipient | Country | Rationale | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chemistry | Carolyn Bertozzi |  United States
|
for the development ofclick chemistryandbioorthogonal chemistry | [282] |
| Morten P. Meldal |  Denmark
| |||
| Karl Barry Sharpless | United States
| |||
| Economics | Ben Bernanke | United States
|
for research on banks and financial crises | [283] |
| Douglas Diamond | United States
| |||
| Philip H. Dybvig | United States
| |||
| Literature | Annie Ernaux |  France
|
for the courage and clinical acuity with which she uncovers the roots, estrangements and collective restraints of personal memory | [284] |
| Peace | Ales Bialiatski |  Belarus
|
for their efforts in documenting war crimes, human rights abuses, and the abuse of power in their respective home countries | [285] |
| Memorial |  Russia
| |||
| Center for Civil Liberties |  Ukraine
| |||
| Physics | Alain Aspect | France
|
for experiments with entangled photons, establishing the violation of Bell inequalities and pioneering quantum information science | [286] |
| John Clauser | United States
| |||
| Anton Zeilinger |  Austria
| |||
| Physiology or Medicine | Svante Pääbo |  Sweden
|
for his discoveries concerning the genomes of extinct hominins and human evolution | [287] |
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