Juno(film)
Juno | |
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![]() Theatrical release poster | |
Directed by | Jason Reitman |
Written by | Diablo Cody |
Produced by |
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Starring | |
Cinematography | Eric Steelberg |
Edited by | Dana E. Glauberman |
Music by | Mateo Messina |
Production companies | |
Distributed by | Fox Searchlight Pictures |
Release dates |
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Running time | 96 minutes |
Country | United States[2] |
Language | English |
Budget | $6.5[3]–$7.5 million[4] |
Box office | $232.3 million[4] |
Junois a 2007 Americancoming-of-agecomedy-dramafilm directed byJason Reitmanand written byDiablo Cody.Elliot Page[a]stars as the title character, an independent-minded teenager confronting her unplanned pregnancy and the subsequent events that put pressures of adult life onto her.Michael Cera,Jennifer Garner,Jason Bateman,Allison JanneyandJ. K. Simmonsalso star. Filming spanned from early February to March 2007 inVancouver,British Columbia. It premiered on September 8 at the 2007Toronto International Film Festival,receiving astanding ovation.
Junowon theAcademy Award for Best Original Screenplayand earned three other nominations forBest Picture,Best Directorfor Reitman, andBest Actressfor 20-year old Page (who was presenting as female at the time, and is thesixth-youngest nomineein the category). The film's soundtrack, featuring several songs performed byKimya Dawsonin various guises, was the first chart-topping soundtrack sinceDreamgirlsandFox Searchlight's first number-one soundtrack.Junoearned back its initial budget of $6.5 million in twenty days, the first nineteen of which were when the film was inlimited release.[5]It went on to earn $231 million worldwide.[6]Junoreceived acclaim from critics, many of whom placed the film on their top-ten lists for the year. It has received criticism and praise from members of both theanti-abortionandabortion rightscommunities regarding its treatment of abortion.
Plot
InElk River, Minnesota,sixteen year old high-schooler Juno MacGuff discovers she is pregnant by her friend and longtime admirer Paulie Bleeker. She considers an abortion, until going to a local women's clinic where she encounters a schoolmate outside who is holding a one-personanti-abortionvigil. Once inside, Juno decides to give the baby up for adoption. With the help of her friend Leah, Juno searches the ads in thePennysaverand finds a childless married couple she feels will provide a suitable home. She tells her father Mac and stepmother Bren, who offer their support. With Mac, Juno meets the couple, Mark and Vanessa Loring, in their expensiveSaint Cloudhome, and agrees to aclosed adoption.
Juno visits Mark a few times, and finds they share tastes inpunk rockand horror films. Mark, who has set aside his rock band youth (now confined to memorabilia displayed in the one room of the house that Vanessa has designated for Mark's personal belongings), works at home composing commercial jingles. Juno and Leah happen to see Vanessa in a shopping mall being completely at ease with a child, and Juno encourages Vanessa to talk to the baby in Juno's womb, which kicks for Vanessa.
As the pregnancy progresses, Juno struggles with the emotions she feels for the baby's father Paulie. Juno maintains an outwardly indifferent attitude toward Paulie, but when she learns Paulie has asked another girl to the upcoming prom, she confronts him in a jealous rage. Paulie reminds Juno that it is at her request they remain distant and tells her she broke his heart.
Not long before her baby is due, Juno is again visiting Mark when their interaction becomes emotional. Mark tells her he will be leaving Vanessa to figure his life out. Juno is horrified by this revelation, with Mark asking Juno, "How do you think of me?", revealing he is starting to develop feelings for her. Vanessa arrives home, and Mark tells Vanessa he does not feel ready to be a father. Juno drives away and breaks down in tears by the side of the road. Returning to the Lorings' house, Juno leaves a note and disappears as the Lorings answer the door.
After a heartfelt discussion with her father, Juno accepts that she loves Paulie. Juno then tells Paulie she loves him, and Paulie's actions make it clear her feelings are very much reciprocated. Not long after, Juno goes into labor and is rushed to the hospital, where she gives birth to a baby boy. She had deliberately not told Paulie because of his track meet. Seeing her missing from the stands, Paulie rushes to the hospital, finds Juno has given birth to their son, and comforts Juno as she cries.
Vanessa comes to the hospital, where she joyfully claims the newborn boy as a single adoptive mother. On the wall in the baby's new nursery, Vanessa has framed Juno's note, which reads: "Vanessa: If you're still in, I'm still in. —Juno." The film ends in the summertime with Juno and Paulie playing guitar and singing together, in a happy relationship.
Cast
- Elliot Page[a]as Juno MacGuff, the birth mother, Paulie's girlfriend
- Michael Ceraas Paulie Bleeker, the father of Juno's child and Juno's boyfriend
- Jennifer Garneras Vanessa Loring, Mark's wife and the prospective adoptive mother of Juno's child
- Jason Batemanas Mark Loring, Vanessa's husband and the prospective adoptive father of Juno's child
- Allison Janneyas Bren MacGuff, Juno's stepmother
- J. K. Simmonsas Mac MacGuff, Juno's father
- Olivia Thirlbyas Leah, Juno's friend
- Rainn Wilsonas Rollo, convenience store clerk
- Valerie Tian as Su-Chin, anti-abortion protester
- Emily Perkinsas punk abortion clinic receptionist
- Ashley Whillansas Katrina De Voort
Themes
You can look at it as a film that celebrates life and celebrates childbirth, or you can look at it as a film about a liberated young girl who makes a choice to continue being liberated. Or you can look at it as some kind of twisted love story, you know, a meditation on maturity.
—Diablo Cody
Along withKnocked UpandWaitress,two other 2007 films about women facing unplanned pregnancies,Junowas interpreted by some critics as having ananti-abortiontheme. Ann Hulbert ofSlatemagazine believed thatJuno"[undercut] both pro-life and pro-choice purism."[7]Jeff Dawson ofThe Sunday Timesbelieved that the film was inevitably placed in the "unwanted pregnancy subgenre" withKnocked UpandWaitressdue to its subject matter but thought that its interpretation as an anti-abortion film only "muddied the waters".[8]Hadley FreemanofThe GuardiancriticizedJunofor "complet[ing] a hat-trick of American comedies in the past 12 months that present abortion as unreasonable, or even unthinkable—a telling social sign", though she noted, "I don't believe any of these films is consciously designed to be anti-abortion propaganda."[9]A. O. Scott,writing forThe New York Times,agreed thatJunohas "an underlying theme, a message that is not anti-abortion but rather pro-adulthood."[10]Page commented, "What I get most frustrated at is when people call it a pro-life movie, which is just absurd... The most important thing is the choice is there, and the film completely demonstrates that."[11]Cody and Page have openly stated that they are in favor ofabortion rights;[12][13]Reitman thought that it was "fantastic" that anti-abortion and abortion rights groups were embracing the film.[14]He said that "Junoseems to be a mirror, and people [on both sides] see themselves in it. "[15]
Other critics labeledJunoasfeministbecause of its portrayal of Juno as a confident and intelligent teenage girl.Wesley MorrisofThe Boston Globeconcluded "Junoserves cool, intelligent girls something they rarely see in a movie: themselves. "[16]Cody said about writing the film, "Women are clever, women are funny, women are sharp, and I wanted to show that these girls were human and not the stereotypical teenage girls that we often see in the media"[17]and "There was a lack of authentic teen girl characters... I saw writing this screenplay as an opportunity to create an iconic female."[3]Page praised the film for its positive depiction of teenage girls, describing Juno's character as "really refreshing and allow[ing] for new possibilities in what young women can be"[11]and "honest but original, completely devoid of stereotype",[17]while also highlighting that "Girls haven't had that sort of character before. We don't have ourCatcher in the Rye."[3]Page criticized the media perception of the Juno character as a "strong woman", arguing that if Juno were a male character, the "strength" of the character would not be considered remarkable.[18]Reitman was interested in the personal/political conflict for Vanessa's character: "Feminism has paved the way for Vanessa's career, but ultimately Vanessa wants to be a full time mother."[19]
Production
Development
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Diablo_Cody2.jpg/170px-Diablo_Cody2.jpg)
Diablo Codywas first approached to write a screenplay by film producerMason Novick,who had previously landed her a book deal for her memoir,Candy Girl: A Year in the Life of an Unlikely Stripper,after discovering her blog about stripping.[20]He persuaded her to adapt the book for the screen, but suggested that she first write a screenwriting sample to show studios; that sample becameJuno.[20]After deciding on an adoption storyline, Cody collected the stories of adoptees, birth parents and adoptive parents, including that of her then-husband, an adoptee who reunited with his birth parents after she wrote the film.[21]She also found inspiration in the story of a close friend who had become pregnant in high school and used some details from her friend's experience in the film, such as mistreatment from an ultrasound technician.[8][22]Much ofJuno,however, was based on Cody's own high school experiences: She dated atic-tac-loving boy similar to Paulie,[23]she was best friends with a cheerleader like Leah, and she used a hamburger phone identical to the one that appears in the film.[20]After writing the screenplay over seven weeks in theStarbuckssection of aTargetstore inCrystal, Minnesota,[24]Cody compared writing to breathing, seeing Juno as an extension of herself.[12]
Novick sent Cody's screenplay to his friendJason Reitman;by the time Reitman had read halfway through the script, he felt that if he did not direct the film, he would regret it for the rest of his life.[14]Initially, Reitman found it difficult to acquire the script, because his first film,Thank You for Smoking,had not been released yet, so he did not have any feature film credits.[25]Other directors, includingJon Poll,[26]were considered, but Reitman was chosen and he interrupted work on his ownspec scriptin order to directJuno.[27]Cody says she had a cynical attitude when writingJuno( "I didn't ever think this film would be produced" )[3]and, indeed, the film was delayed by financial problems.[28]After its controversial nature scared off a number of major studios,John Malkovich's production company,Mr. Mudd,took on the project.[3]It was later brought to production companyMandate Picturesby co-producer Jim Miller.[29]
The funding originated from the United States.[30]
Casting
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Elliot_Page.jpg/170px-Elliot_Page.jpg)
Having admired his performance inHard Candy,Reitman cast Page in the lead role, saying that when he read the screenplay for the first time he pictured Page as Juno. Reitman visited Page on the set of a film on which he was working to offer him the role.[31]He also handed the script to J.K. Simmons, who had featured in his previous film,Thank You for Smoking,not telling him that he intended Simmons to play Mac. Simmons says that, after reading the script, he would have been happy to play even the high school teacher who has no speaking lines.[32]Other cast members Reitman had "in mind right from the start" were Olivia Thirlby—who had originally unsuccessfully auditioned for the role of Juno—and Michael Cera.[33]He took them with Page and Simmons to aPanavisionstage in California and shot 45 pages of the script on35mm filmagainst a black backdrop. He presented this footage to Fox Searchlight as the initial cast.[34]Reitman highlighted the importance of doing a screen test instead of individual auditions, saying: "This is a movie that's all about relationships and the idea of auditioning people outside of each other, one-on-one with the casting director, didn't make sense."[34]
Jennifer Garner,who accepted a lower salary than usual to prevent the film from exceeding its budget,[35]was confirmed by Reitman to have signed onto the project in January 2007.[36]After working with Jason Bateman onThe Kingdom,Garner recommended him to Reitman when they first met; Bateman was cast as Mark,[14]the last cast member to be signed.[37]Lucas McFadden, better known asCut Chemist,a DJ and record producer, makes a cameo appearance as Juno and Paulie's chemistry teacher. McFadden was doing scoring work for Reitman when he received theJunoscreenplay and asked McFadden to appear in the film;[38]Reitman thought that it was "perfect irony" for the chemistry teacher to be played by Cut Chemist.[39]
Michael Cera stated that the film had "a lot of Canadian influence" due to the fact that he and Page were Canadian and that a lot of the other actors originated fromVancouver.[30]Cera's comment was a response to a statement from Peter Howell of theToronto Star:"I thought Juno was a very Canadian movie, even though it was set in the U.S."[30]
Filming
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Eric_Hamber_Secondary_School_%282006%29.jpg/220px-Eric_Hamber_Secondary_School_%282006%29.jpg)
Shooting on a budget of US$6.5 million,[3]Junowas filmed in and around Vancouver,British Columbia,[40]standing in forMinnesota,where production was originally intended to take place.[41]Although films commonly use a Canada-as-America location shift for budgetary reasons,[42]Reitman insists the choice of filming location was instead at his request.[40]Filming locations included a house in nearbyWhite Rockas Mark and Vanessa's home,Eric Hamber Secondary Schoolas Dancing Elk High School,[43]andSouth Surrey's Athletic Park track as Dancing Elk High School's athletics track.[44]
After minimal rehearsal,[45]filming took place in February and March 2007[46]on a six-week schedule,[40]of which 30 days were designated to filming.[44]The crew was planning to import snow for the film's winter events,[44]but it snowed on location, and they were able to reschedule filming to shoot the winter scenes during snowfall, which second assistant director Josy Capkun says resulted in much wider snow shots than originally planned.[40]Although the film was shot out of sequence,[40]the final scene was scheduled for the final day and, after a long period of rain, the crew was intending to shut down production and resume months later to shoot the scene, set in summer, but the rain stopped and they were able to shoot the scene in the sun.[44]That final scene depicted Juno and Paulie singingThe Moldy Peaches' "Anyone Else but You",and band memberKimya Dawsonvisited the set to speak to Page and Cera while they were practicing the song.[18]
Music
The movie features several songs performed byKimya Dawsonas well as her bandsAntsy PantsandThe Moldy Peaches.According to director Jason Reitman, Page suggested The Moldy Peaches’ work as fitting for Juno's character.[47]Reitman recounts:
[He] went on my computer, played the songs, and I fell in love with it. Diablo and I discussed putting a Moldy Peaches song in it where the characters would sing to each other. I got in touch with Kimya Dawson of The Moldy Peaches and she started sending me her work, which was beautiful, and that became a lot of the soundtrack.[48]
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Kimya.jpg/220px-Kimya.jpg)
Reitman contacted Dawson, and, after reading the film's screenplay, she agreed for her songs to be used in the film, sending him a packet of CDs containing about 120 songs. The songs were almost entirely self-published by Dawson,[14]who says she wrote nothing specifically forJunoand that all the songs had been performed and recorded before she was contacted to work on the film.[49]Reitman asked her to additionally re-record instrumentals, which included humming over the lyrics of some of her songs.[50]He also contacted composerMateo Messina,with whom he had previously worked onThank You for Smoking,to compose the film'sincidentalscore.[50]He gave Messina a collection of Dawson's songs and asked him to create "the sound of the film" through an instrumental score that replicated the recording quality, tone, feel and innocence of her music.[50]Messina decided to implement an "acoustic guitar feel that was jangled and was really loose, like Juno."[51]Experimenting with different guitars, he ended up using "Stella," a second-hand guitar belonging to guitarist Billy Katz that he described as "kind of tinny, not perfectly in tune, but [it] has all kinds of character." Katz was hired to perform acoustic and classical guitar for the movie's score, using "Stella" extensively throughout.[51]
Page also suggestedCat Power's cover of the song "Sea of Love",which Reitman was hesitant to include as it had already been featured in the1989 filmSea of Love;however, he decided that its inclusion would mark a "new take" on the film's cinematic references.[50]Initially, Reitman had conceived of Juno being a fan ofglam rock,but rejected it as too inauthentic, and he said he wanted to construct Juno to be "into music very real and authentic", making her a fan of punk rock, includingThe Runaways,Patti SmithandIggy Pop and the Stooges.[52]He felt that the Sonic Youth cover of "Superstar"defined Juno and Mark's relationship—Juno preferring the classic 1971 version byThe Carpenterswhile Mark preferred Sonic Youth's 1994 cover.[50]"A Well Respected Man"byThe Kinkswas a song Reitman had associated with a character from another of his screenplays and says it was "heart-breaking" when he decided to include the song as an introduction for Paulie instead, despite feeling it suited the scene perfectly.[50]He foundchildren'ssongwriterBarry Louis Polisar's "All I Want Is You" after "surfingiTunesfor hours on end "using different words and names as search terms and thought that the handmade quality was perfect for the opening titles, which were afterwards made to correspond to the song.[50]The "Brunch Bowlz" jingle, Mark writes in the film, was composed by advertisement writer Chris Corley, with whom Reitman had previously worked on a set of commercials forWal-Mart.[53]
Design
The film was set out in a sequence of the year's seasons, which, Reitman said, "really resonated with me when I read it, because they mirror the three trimesters of Juno's pregnancy." Because filming took place over only 30 days, fake flora was used to give the impression of different seasons while other flora was edited in post-production. Brown leaves werecompositedonto a fake tree outside Juno's house and cherry blossom trees outside Leah's house were touched up in a lighter shade of pink to depict autumn; a fan was used to blow leaves around in some scenes as if the leaves were falling from trees. Fake flowers were used in front of Paulie's house at the end of the film to give the impression of summer.[39]Reitman used different colors to inform character, such as the burgundy and gold Dancing Elk High School track uniforms and an early scene with Juno in a red hooded jacket "walking through a world of somber greens and browns."
Cody was impressed with the production design team's creation of the set from only a few sentences in her script, calling Juno's bedroom "a very emotional set for [me] because it reminded me so much of my own little habitat when I was a teenager."[54]The walls of Juno's room are covered with posters of bands, while Leah's room includes a mural of older men she finds attractive and Paulie's room is overly childlike to indicate his innocence.[39]Production designerSteve Saklad designed Mark and Vanessa's house with the assumption that "Vanessa has probably read every home magazine and tried to copy what's in them as best she could."Costume designerMonique Prudhomme was nominated for aCostume Designers GuildAward in the "Excellence in Contemporary Costume Design for Film"category.[55]She dressed Vanessa in clothes that were "simple and very tasteful" but with an "anal-retentive quality" and Mark in conservative clothing to complement Vanessa's taste. It was Page's suggestion that Juno wear flannel shirts and sweater-vests.[3]Page also had to wear two sizes of prosthetic belly fitted like acorsetin the back, a third "real" belly that is seen when Juno has anultrasound,[56]and a variety of sizes of fake breasts.[57]The footage displayed on Juno's ultrasound monitor is ofsupervising sound designerScott Sanders's son Matthew and was embedded into the scene in post-production.[58][59]
Opening title sequence
Juno'sopening title sequence,depicting arotoscopedJuno walking through her town while drinking a bottle ofSunnyDorange drink, was put together over 7–8 months[39]by a small design studio, Shadowplay Studio, based in Los Angeles.[60]Reitman had met the studio's co-founder Gareth Smith in Japan on the short film festival circuit where they each had shorts screening.[60]Shadowplay created the opening title sequence for Reitman's previous film,Thank You for Smoking,and he contacted them again when he found out he was going to directJuno.[61]With vintage 1970s punk-rock posters as inspiration, Smith and artist Jenny Lee decided to create a sequence that "had texture and a little bit of edge, but also imparted the warmth and heart of the screenplay".[62]In the last days of filming in Vancouver,[62]Page was photographed with ahigh speed camerafrom a number of angles walking on a treadmill and drinking SunnyD.[60]900 still images of a walking and drinking Page were printed out and repeatedly run through aXerox machineto degrade their quality until the pictures appeared hand-drawn.[61]The pictures were cut out and scanned back onto the computer, then layered onto the background drawn by Lee withcompositingsoftware[60]to create astop motionanimation sequence that corresponded to "All I Want Is You" by Barry Louis Polisar, the song Reitman had chosen.[50]Shadowplay also designed the titlecards for each of the seasons for the film,[39]hand-made a customtypefacefor the opening title sequence and theclosing credits,and collaborated on the design of the soundtrack and the DVD.[62]
Distribution
Theatrical release
With a well-received preview first screened on September 1, 2007, at theTelluride Film Festival,[63][64]Junopremiered on September 8 at the 2007Toronto International Film Festivaland received a standing ovation, which prompted film criticRoger Ebertto say "I don't know when I've heard a standing ovation so long, loud and warm."[65]It went on to feature at theAustin Film Festival,Rome Film Festival,London Film Festival,Bahamas International Film Festival,St. Louis International Film Festival,Stockholm International Film Festival,International Thessaloniki Film Festival,Gijón International Film Festival,Palm Springs International Film Festivaland theInternational Film Festival Rotterdam,earning awards and nominations at several.[66][67][68][69]
AlthoughJunowas originally intended to open in theaters on December 15, 2007, the opening date was moved forward to take advantage of the positive reviews preceding its release,[70]and opened inlimited releaseon December 5, playing in only seven theaters in Los Angeles and New York City.[71]The film opened in an additional thirteen cities and around 25 theaters on December 14, expanding further on December 21 before enteringwide releaseon December 25.[71]
Promotion
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Hamburger_phone.jpg/220px-Hamburger_phone.jpg)
Anthony Breznican ofUSA Todaysaid in a 2008 article thatJunois one of three films that were "orchestrated to start off asword-of-mouthfavorites among devoted moviegoers. "[72]FollowingJuno's release, Fox Searchlight sent hamburger phones styled similarly to that used by Juno in the film to journalists and critics to entice them to review the film.[73]Though the phones were originally distributed in small numbers to viewers at promotional events, companies not affiliated with Fox Searchlight began to produce and sell the phones oneBayand otheronline stores.[74][75]In the month after the film's release, sales of the phone on eBay increased by 759 percent[75]and it was named one of the "10 Cool Gifts for Film Buffs" byEntertainment Weekly.[76]
Home media
The film was released on DVD andBlu-raydisc on April 15, 2008, by20th Century Fox Home Entertainment.It is available in a single disc DVD edition, which includes the movie along with an audio commentary by director Reitman and writer Cody, eleven deleted scenes, a gag reel, a 'gag take' (including a profanity laden blow-up byRainn Wilson), a "Cast & Crew Jam", and screen tests. The two-disc DVD edition includes the same extra content and four additional featurettes ( "Way Beyond 'Our' Maturity Level: Juno – Leah – Bleeker", "Diablo Cody Is Totally Boss", "Jason Reitman For Shizz", and "Honest To Blog! Creating Juno" ), while the second disc is a DRM-encrypted version of the film for portable players. The Blu-ray version includes all the two-disc DVD edition extras and two additional featurettes: "Fox Movie ChannelPresents: Juno World Premiere "and" Fox Movie Channel Presents: Casting Session ".[77]
Reception
Box office performance
In limited release and playing in only seven theaters in Los Angeles and New York City,Junogrossed $420,113 over its debut weekend, averaging $60,016 per screen.[71]WhenJunobecame Fox Searchlight's first film to surpass $100 million at the box office, the company's president Peter Rice issued the statement: "This is an astonishing feat for us and the film has surpassed all our expectations. We knew this film had crossover potential and it has resonated with audiences all across the country."[78]The film has grossed $143,495,265 in the United States and $88,877,416 in other territories for a total worldwide gross of $232,372,681.[4]It was also the highest-grossing of the fiveBest Picturenominees for the80th Academy Awards.[79]
Critical reaction
Junoreceived highly positive reviews from critics. On the review aggregatorRotten Tomatoes,the film has a 94% approval rating from critics based on 217 reviews, with an average rating of 8.10/10. The site's consensus states, "One of the brightest, funniest comedies of the year,Juno's smart script and direction are matched by assured performances in a coming of age story with a 21st century twist. "[80]making it the best reviewed comedy film on the website in 2007.[81]OnMetacritic,the film had an average score of 81 out of 100, based on 38 reviews.[82]Roger Ebertof theChicago Sun-Timesgave the film four stars and called it "just about the best movie of the year.... Has there been a better performance this year than [Elliot] Page's creation ofJuno?I don't think so. "[83]Ebert placedJunoat number one on his annual "best of" list. The film also ranks at number 463 inEmpiremagazine's 2008 list ofThe 500 Greatest Movies of All Time.[84]Juno MacGuff also ranked number 56 onEmpire'slist ofThe 100 Greatest Movie Characters of All Time.[85]Paste Magazinenamed it one of the 50 Best Movies of the Decade (2000–2009), ranking it at number 15.[86]In June 2010,Entertainment Weeklynamed Juno one of the 100 Greatest Characters of the Last 20 Years.[87]
However, not all critics share the positive view towardsJuno.David EdelsteinofNew Yorkmagazine felt that the film was desperate to be "a movie that confers hipness on teens, that makes kids want to use the same slang and snap up the soundtrack".[88]Music reviewerJim DeRogatiscriticized the film's stylized dialogue and what he saw as a casual take on abortion and Juno's naïveté in becoming pregnant, claiming: "As an unapologetically old-school feminist, the father of a soon-to-be-teenage daughter, a reporter who regularly talks to actual teens as part of his beat and a plain old moviegoer, I hated, hated, hated this movie."[89]
"TheJunoEffect "
In 2008, after 17 students under sixteen years of age atGloucester High SchoolinMassachusettsbecame pregnant,Timemagazine called it the "Juno Effect".[90]Timestated that some adults dismissed the statistic as anoutlierwhile others accused films such asJunoandKnocked Upfor glamorizingteenage pregnancy.Kristelle Miller, an Adolescent Psychology Professor atUniversity of Minnesota-Duluthstated that "[t]he'Junoeffect' is how media glamorizes pregnancy and how [...] pregnancy is also redemptive of any past problems ".[91]
After SenatorJohn McCainnamed Alaska GovernorSarah Palinas his running mate on the Republican presidential ticket, it was revealed in September 2008 that Gov. Palin's daughter,Bristol,age 17, was pregnant with the child of another teenager. News reports and editorials termed Bristol Palin's pregnancy as the latest episode in the debate over teen pregnancy of whichJunowas a part,[92][93]while conservative commentators made comparisons between Bristol Palin's pregnancy and the film.[94][95]NotedNew Republicliterary editorLeon Wieseltier,"TheRepublicanswanted a new conversation, and they got one.JunoinJuneau!"[94]Fox News'Roger Friedmanwondered, "Junoat once violated and vindicated conservative values. The question is, will the public rally 'roundBristol Palinthe way it did Juno? Or will it reject her for getting in this situation in the first place? "[95]
JunoactorJason Batemandefended the film. "Unfortunately," he said, "we've had these instances where guys kill people because of what they hear in rock 'n roll lyrics or some garbage like that. Look, if you're going to blame a movie or song for your actions, whether they be good or bad, I think you're looking at the wrong things to influence your life. I think people should look to other areas of their life for lessons and guidance, mainly parents, or teachers, or friends, or whomever. That should probably be where you should point your eyes and ears."[96]
Amy Benfer ofSalon.comwrote in 2010 that, according to figures released by theCenters for Disease Control and Prevention,pregnancy rates for all teenagers dropped 2 percent between 2007 and 2008, meaning that "the slight uptick in teen pregnancy rates between 2005 and 2006 were probably just an anomaly and not some heinous trend brought about by pop culture", and that if there had been such a thing as a "Juno effect", it would have caused pregnancies to go down, not up. She criticized proponents of the theory, stating that they believed that teenagers "somehow lose all ability to evaluate any nuance or context in that woman's particular situation, and instead make some sort of primitive cause-and-effect connection" and that "by talking about pregnant girls, and most of all, by daring to portray some of them as ordinary, even likable, we'd get way more babies having babies." She concluded that "depicting teen parents may notglamorizethem, so much ashumanizethem. You know, that thing that happens when one person recognizes that someone else is a person too? So, now that we can firmly state that realistically depicting the lives of the tiny percentage of girls who do become pregnant won't necessarily contaminate the rest of them, it's time to stop worrying and ask what we can do to help. "[97]
In light ofGeorgia's anti-abortion law,Diablo Cody said in 2019 she would not have writtenJunonow that people perceive it as an "anti-choice" film.[98]In 2022, she said, "Back in 2008, I got a letter from some administrator at my Catholic high school thanking me for writing a movie that was in line with the school’s values. And I was like: 'What have I done?' My objective as an artist is to be a traitor to that culture, not to uplift it," but also, "I have no regrets about writing the movie. I do think it’s important that I continue to clarify my feelings about it because the last thing I would ever want is for someone to interpret the movie as anti-choice. That is a huge paranoia of mine. I’ve never really thought about revisiting the film — it kind of feels like something that should stay preserved in amber. But I would rather have this account be out there than [my] silence being misinterpreted".[99]
Top ten lists
The film appeared on critics' top ten lists of the best films of 2007:
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Accolades
Reitman expressed disappointment thatJunowas ruled ineligible for theGenie Awardnominations:
It's a Canadian director, Canadian stars, Canadian cast, Canadian crew, shot in Canada—how are we not eligible for a Genie whenDavid Cronenberg's film [Eastern Promises] about Russians living in London shot in England with a British crew and British cast is eligible? I'm sorry, but somebody is going to have to explain that to me.[109]
Sara Morton, the head of theAcademy of Canadian Cinema and Television,issued a statement explaining that the film had never been submitted for Genie Award consideration by its studio.[110]The Hollywood Reporterexplained that Genie rules define Canadian films as financed at least in part by Canadian sources, and because American companies Mandate Pictures and Fox Searchlight were the sole funders,Junowas ineligible.[110]Nonetheless, Genie spokesman Chris McDowall said that while the film was not evaluated for eligibility since it was not submitted, "Financing is one of the criteria, but it's not everything."[110]Despite this, the film was eligible for the 2008Canadian Comedy Awards,receiving two wins from three nominations.[111][112]
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Award | Category | Recipient(s) | Result |
---|---|---|---|
Academy Awards[113] | Best Picture | Lianne Halfon,Mason NovickandRussell Smith | Nominated |
Best Director | Jason Reitman | Nominated | |
Best Actress | Elliot Page[a] | Nominated | |
Best Original Screenplay | Diablo Cody | Won | |
AARP Movies for Grownups Awards[114] | Best Comedy | Nominated | |
Argentine Academy of Cinematography Arts and Sciences Awards[115] | Best Foreign Film | Jason Reitman | Nominated |
American Film Institute Awards[116] | Movie of the Year | Won | |
African-American Film Critics Association Awards[117] | Best Picture | 7th Place | |
Alliance of Women Film Journalists[118][119] | Best Actress | Elliot Page[a] | Nominated |
Best Breakthrough Performance | Won | ||
Best Original Screenplay | Diablo Cody | Won | |
Best Woman Screenwriter | Nominated | ||
Best Seduction | Elliot Page[a]andMichael Cera | Nominated | |
Best Ensemble Cast | Won | ||
Amanda Awards[120] | Best Foreign Feature Film | Jason Reitman | Nominated |
American Cinema Editors Awards | Best Edited Feature Film – Comedy or Musical | Dana E. Glauberman | Nominated |
Argentinean Film Critics Association Awards | Best Foreign Film | Jason Reitman | Nominated |
Artios Awards[121] | Outstanding Achievement in Casting for a Studio Feature – Comedy | Mindy Marin,Coreen Mayrs and Heike Brandstatter | Won |
Austin Film Critics Association Awards[122] | Top 10 Films | 3rd Place | |
Best Film | Nominated | ||
Best Actress | Elliot Page[a] | Won | |
Best Supporting Actress | Allison Janney | Won | |
Best Original Screenplay | Diablo Cody | Won | |
Breakthrough Artist | Michael Cera(forSuperbad) | Won | |
Bodil Awards[123] | Best American Film | Jason Reitman | Nominated |
British Academy Film Awards[124] | Best Actress in a Leading Role | Elliot Page[a] | Nominated |
Best Original Screenplay | Diablo Cody | Won | |
Canadian Comedy Awards[125] | Best Direction | Jason Reitman | Won |
Best Performance by a Male | Michael Cera | Nominated | |
Best Performance by a Female | Elliot Page[a] | Won | |
Chicago Film Critics Association Awards[126] | Best Director | Jason Reitman | Nominated |
Best Actress | Elliot Page[a] | Won | |
Best Original Screenplay | Diablo Cody | Won | |
Most Promising Performer | Michael Cera(forSuperbad) | Won | |
Chlotrudis Awards[127] | Best Actress | Elliot Page[a] | Nominated |
Best Supporting Actor | J. K. Simmons | Nominated | |
Best Supporting Actress | Allison Janney | Nominated | |
Best Original Screenplay | Diablo Cody | Nominated | |
Christopher Awards | Feature Films | Won | |
Cinema for Peace Awards[128] | Most Valuable Film of the Year | Jason Reitman | Nominated |
Costume Designers Guild Awards[129] | Excellence in Contemporary Film | Monique Prudhomme | Nominated |
Critics' Choice Movie Awards[130] | Best Picture | Nominated | |
Best Comedy Movie | Won | ||
Best Actress | Elliot Page[a] | Nominated | |
Best Young Actor | Michael Cera | Nominated | |
Best Writer | Diablo Cody | Won | |
Best Acting Ensemble | Nominated | ||
Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association Awards | Best Picture | Nominated | |
Best Actress | Elliot Page[a] | Nominated | |
Best Screenplay | Diablo Cody | Won | |
Detroit Film Critics Society Awards[131] | Best Film | Nominated | |
Best Director | Jason Reitman | Nominated | |
Best Actress | Elliot Page[a] | Won | |
Best Ensemble | Won | ||
Best Newcomer | Michael Cera(forSuperbad) | Nominated | |
Diablo Cody(as a writer) | Won | ||
Dublin Film Critics Circle Awards | Best Actress | Elliot Page[a] | 3rd Place |
Breakthrough Artist | 5th Place | ||
Empire Awards[132][133] | Best Actress | Nominated | |
Florida Film Critics Circle Awards[134] | Best Actress | Won | |
Best Screenplay | Diablo Cody | Won | |
Pauline Kael Breakout Award | Elliot Page[a] | Won | |
Gijón International Film Festival | Grand Prix | Jason Reitman | Nominated |
Special Prize of the Young Jury | Won | ||
Gold Derby Awards[135] | Best Motion Picture | Lianne Halfon, Mason Novick and Russell Smith | Nominated |
Best Actress | Elliot Page[a] | Nominated | |
Best Supporting Actress | Jennifer Garner | Nominated | |
Best Original Screenplay | Diablo Cody | Won | |
Best Ensemble Cast | Jason Bateman,Michael Cera, Jennifer Garner, Allison Janney, Elliot Page,[a]J.K. Simmons and Olivia Thirlby |
Nominated | |
Golden Globe Awards[136] | Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy | Nominated | |
Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy | Elliot Page[a] | Nominated | |
Best Screenplay – Motion Picture | Diablo Cody | Nominated | |
Golden Schmoes Awards[137] | Favorite Movie of the Year | Nominated | |
Best Comedy of the Year | Nominated | ||
Best Actress of the Year | Elliot Page[a] | Won | |
Best Supporting Actress of the Year | Jennifer Garner | Nominated | |
Best Screenplay of the Year | Diablo Cody | Nominated | |
Breakthrough Performance of the Year | Elliot Page[a] | Won | |
Best Music in a Movie | Nominated | ||
Most Overrated Movie of the Year | Nominated | ||
Golden Trailer Awards | Best Comedy | Nominated | |
Best Comedy TV Spot | Nominated | ||
Gotham Independent Film Awards[138] | Breakthrough Actor | Elliot Page[a] | Won |
Grammy Awards[139] | Best Compilation Soundtrack Album for a Motion Picture, Television or Other Visual Media | Juno | Won |
Houston Film Critics Society Awards[140] | Top 10 Films | 2nd Place | |
Best Picture | Nominated | ||
Best Actress | Elliot Page[a] | Nominated | |
Best Screenplay | Diablo Cody | Won | |
Humanitas Prize[141] | Feature Film | Nominated | |
Independent Spirit Awards[142][143] | Best Feature | Won | |
Best Director | Jason Reitman | Nominated | |
Best Female Lead | Elliot Page[a] | Won | |
Best First Screenplay | Diablo Cody | Won | |
IndieWire Critics Poll | Best Lead Performance | Elliot Page[a] | 10th Place |
Kansas City Film Critics Circle Awards[144] | Best Original Screenplay | Diablo Cody | Won |
L'Alpe d'Huez Film Festival[145] | Grand Prix | Jason Reitman | Won |
MTV Movie Awards | Best Movie | Nominated | |
Best Male Performance | Michael Cera | Nominated | |
Best Female Performance | Elliot Page[a] | Won | |
Best Kiss | Elliot Page[a]and Michael Cera | Nominated | |
Nastro d'Argento | Best Non-European Director | Jason Reitman | Won |
National Board of Review Awards[146] | Top Ten Films | Won | |
Breakthrough Female Performance | Elliot Page[a] | Won | |
Best Original Screenplay | Diablo Cody | Won | |
National Movie Awards[147] | Best Comedy | Won | |
Best Performance (Female) | Elliot Page[a] | Nominated | |
New York Film Critics Circle Awards[148] | Best Actress | Runner-up | |
Best Screenplay | Diablo Cody | Runner-up | |
New York Film Critics Online Awards[149] | Top 11 Films | Won | |
Best Breakthrough Performance | Elliot Page[a] | Won | |
North Texas Film Critics Association Awards[citation needed] | Best Picture | Won | |
Best Director | Jason Reitman | Won[b] | |
Best Actress | Elliot Page[a] | Won | |
Online Film Critics Society Awards[150] | Best Picture | Nominated | |
Best Actress | Elliot Page[a] | Nominated | |
Best Supporting Actress | Jennifer Garner | Nominated | |
Best Original Screenplay | Diablo Cody | Won | |
Palm Springs International Film Festival | Chairman's Vanguard Award | Jason Reitman | Won |
Producers Guild of America Awards[151] | Outstanding Producer of Theatrical Motion Pictures | Lianne Halfon, Mason Novick and Russell Smith | Nominated |
Robert Awards | Best American Film | Jason Reitman | Nominated |
Rome Film Festival | Golden Marc'Aurelio | Won | |
Russian National Movie Awards[152] | Best Low-Budget/Arthouse Film | Nominated | |
San Diego Film Critics Society Awards | Best Actress | Elliot Page[a] | Nominated |
Best Original Screenplay | Diablo Cody | Won | |
Santa Barbara International Film Festival | Virtuoso Award | Elliot Page[a] | Won |
Satellite Awards(2007)[153] | Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy | Won | |
Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy | Elliot Page[a] | Nominated | |
Best Original Screenplay | Diablo Cody | Won | |
Satellite Awards(2008)[154] | Outstanding Overall DVD | Nominated | |
Screen Actors Guild Awards[155] | Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Leading Role | Elliot Page[a] | Nominated |
St. Louis Gateway Film Critics Association Awards[156] | Best Film | Nominated | |
Best Comedy or Musical Film | Won | ||
Most Original, Innovative or Creative Film | Nominated | ||
Best Actress | Elliot Page[a] | Won | |
Best Screenplay | Diablo Cody | Won | |
Best Score | Mateo Messina | Nominated | |
St. Louis International Film Festival | Best Feature (Audience Choice Award) | Jason Reitman | Won |
Stockholm International Film Festival | Audience Award | Won | |
Teen Choice Awards | Choice Movie – Comedy | Won | |
Choice Movie Actor – Comedy | Michael Cera(forSuperbad) | Nominated | |
Choice Movie Breakout – Male | Nominated | ||
Choice Movie Actress – Comedy | Elliot Page[a] | Won | |
Choice Movie Breakout – Female | Won | ||
Toronto Film Critics Association Awards[157] | Best Actress | Won[c] | |
Best Screenplay | Diablo Cody | Runner-up | |
Toronto International Film Festival[158] | People's Choice Award | Jason Reitman | Runner-up |
Vancouver Film Critics Circle Awards[159] | Best Director | Jason Reitman | Nominated |
Best Actress | Elliot Page[a] | Nominated | |
Village Voice Film Poll | Best Actress | 5th Place | |
Washington D.C. Area Film Critics Association Awards[160] | Best Breakthrough Performance | Elliot Page[a] | Won |
Best Original Screenplay | Diablo Cody | Won | |
Women Film Critics Circle Awards[161] | Best Movie About Women | Jason Reitman | Won |
Best Woman Storyteller | Diablo Cody | Won | |
Writers Guild of America Awards[162] | Best Original Screenplay | Won |
Soundtrack
Juno'ssoundtrack,Music from the Motion Picture Juno,was released December 11, 2007,[163]features nineteen songs fromBarry Louis Polisar,Belle & Sebastian,Buddy Holly,Cat Power,The Kinks,Mott the Hoople,Sonic YouthandThe Velvet Underground,and most prominentlyKimya Dawsonand her former bandsThe Moldy PeachesandAntsy Pants.Under theRhino Entertainmentrecord label, it became the first number one soundtrack since theDreamgirlssoundtrack,20th Century Fox's first number one soundtrack since theTitanicsoundtrack,and Rhino's first number one album, topping the AmericanBillboard200music charts in its fourth week of release.[164]
Rhino announced in March 2008 thatJuno B-Sides: Almost Adopted Songswould be available through digital-only release, a second volume of songs that were considered for but not included in the film. The fifteen tracks include songs by previously featured artists Kimya Dawson, Barry Louis Polisar, Belle & Sebastian and Buddy Holly, as well asAstrud Gilberto,The Bristols, Jr. James & The Late Guitar,Trio Los Panchos,Yo La Tengoand Page singing "Zub Zub", written by Diablo Cody as part of the script in a deleted scene.[165]Rhino also released aDeluxe Edition,on November 25, 2008, containing both the original soundtrack as well as B-Sides in a two-disc set, along with storyboards from the film and additional liner notes from Reitman.[166]
Although uncredited and not featured on the soundtrack, Page and Bateman's characters perform an acoustic version ofHole's "Doll Parts"in the film.
Track listing
- "All I Want is You" – Barry Louis Polisar
- "My Rollercoaster" – Kimya Dawson
- "A Well Respected Man" –The Kinks
- "Dearest" –Buddy Holly
- "Up the Spout" – Mateo Messina
- "Tire Swing" – Kimya Dawson
- "Piazza, New York Catcher"– Belle and Sebastian
- "Loose Lips" – Kimya Dawson
- "Superstar" –Sonic Youth
- "Sleep" – Kimya Dawson
- "Expectations" – Belle and Sebastian
- "All the Young Dudes" – Mott the Hoople
- "So Nice So Smart" – Kimya Dawson
- "Sea of Love" – Cat Power
- "Tree Hugger" – Kimya Dawson and Antsy Pants
- "I'm Sticking with You" –The Velvet Underground
- "Anyone Else But You" – The Moldy Peaches
- "Vampire" – Antsy Pants
- "Anyone Else But You" – Michael Cera and Elliot Page[167]
Notes
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- ^"AFI Awards 2007".American Film Institute Awards.RetrievedDecember 5,2021.
- ^"African-American Film Critics Association Awards 2007".African-American Film Critics Association.RetrievedDecember 17,2007.
- ^"2007 EDA Awards Nominees Announced".AWJF.org.December 11, 2007.RetrievedJuly 25,2017.
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- ^"Winners of The Amanda Award 1985–2021"(PDF).Amanda Award.RetrievedDecember 5,2021.
- ^"Nominees/Winners".Casting Society of America.RetrievedFebruary 6,2019.
- ^"2007 Austin Film Critics Association Awards".Austin Film Critics Association.Archived fromthe originalon September 7, 2020.RetrievedDecember 20,2007.
- ^"62nd Bodil Awards".Bodil Awards.RetrievedDecember 20,2007.
- ^"BAFTA Awards: Film in 2008".BAFTA.1999.RetrievedSeptember 16,2016.
- ^"9th Canadian Comedy Awards".Canadian Comedy Awards.Archived fromthe originalon August 2, 2018.RetrievedOctober 5,2008.
- ^"1988-2013 Award Winner Archives".Chicago Film Critics Association.January 2013.RetrievedAugust 24,2021.
- ^"14th Annual Chlotrudis Awards".Chlotrudis Society for Independent Films.RetrievedMarch 30,2008.
- ^"Cinema for Peace Gala Nominations 2008".Cinema for Peace Foundation.RetrievedDecember 5,2021.
- ^"10th Costume Designers Guild Awards".Costume Designers Guild.RetrievedFebruary 19,2008.
- ^Cheng, Jim (January 7, 2008)."Critics' Choice Awards: Dark, violent 'No Country' and 'Blood' on top".USA Today.RetrievedJune 12,2008.
- ^"The 2007 Detroit Film Critics Society Awards".Detroit Film Critics Society.RetrievedDecember 5,2021.
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- ^"Golden Schmoes Winners and Nominees (2007)".JoBlo.com.RetrievedDecember 5,2021.
- ^"Past Recipients".Gotham Awards.RetrievedDecember 5,2021.
- ^"2008 Grammy Award Winners".Grammy.com.RetrievedMay 1,2011.
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External links
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- 2007 films
- 2007 comedy-drama films
- 2007 independent films
- 2000s coming-of-age comedy-drama films
- 2000s pregnancy films
- 2000s teen comedy-drama films
- American coming-of-age comedy-drama films
- American independent films
- American teen comedy-drama films
- BAFTA winners (films)
- 2000s English-language films
- English-language Canadian films
- Films about abortion
- Films about adoption
- Films about proms
- Films directed by Jason Reitman
- Films produced by Mason Novick
- Films set in Minnesota
- Films shot in Vancouver
- Films whose writer won the Best Original Screenplay Academy Award
- Films whose writer won the Best Original Screenplay BAFTA Award
- Films with screenplays by Diablo Cody
- Fox Searchlight Pictures films
- Independent Spirit Award for Best Film winners
- Mandate Pictures films
- Mr. Mudd films
- Teenage pregnancy in film
- American pregnancy films
- 2000s American films