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K2-19

Coordinates:Sky map11h39m50.4804s,+00° 36′ 12.8773″
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K2-19
Observation data
EpochJ2000EquinoxJ2000
Constellation Virgo[1]
Right ascension 11h39m50.4803s[2]
Declination +00° 36′ 12.875″[2]
Apparent magnitude(V) 13.002±0.009[3]
Characteristics
Spectral type K0 V[4]or G9V[5]
Apparent magnitude(J) 11.596±0.024[6]
Apparent magnitude(H) 11.208±0.022[6]
Apparent magnitude(K) 11.161±0.026[6]
Apparent magnitude(B) 13.798±0.020[3]
Variable type Planetary transit variable[7]
Astrometry
Radial velocity(Rv)−7.2296±0.0080[8]km/s
Proper motion(μ)RA:−18.673(22)[2]mas/yr
Dec.:4.571(15)[2]mas/yr
Parallax(π)3.3410 ± 0.0196mas[2]
Distance976 ± 6ly
(299 ± 2pc)
Details[4]
Mass0.918±0.064M☉
Radius0.881±0.111R☉
Surface gravity(logg)4.50±0.10cgs
Temperature5250±70K
Metallicity[Fe/H]0.10±0.05dex
Rotation20.54±0.30 d
Rotational velocity(vsini)3.00±0.50km/s
Age≥8[9]Gyr
Other designations
UCAC4454-050261,Gaia DR33798833775141351552,EPIC201505350,2MASSJ11395048+0036129[10]
Database references
SIMBADdata

K2-19is anearly K-type[4]orlate G-typemain sequencestar[5]that is magnetically active, and has alight curvethat exhibits variations in brightness of ~1%.[5]It is located approximately 976light-yearsaway in the constellationVirgo.Three confirmedtransitingexoplanetsare known to orbit this star.

Planetary system

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Discovery

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The two outer planets were reported as planet candidates during analysis of data from Campaign 1 of theKepler space telescope's K2 extended mission.[11]Both planets were confirmed by David J. Armstrong and collaborators, who used ground-based telescopes to detect additional transits and measure hour-longtransit-timing variationsfor K2-19b.[7]They were independently validated along with 20 other planets by Benjamin T. Montet and team.[12]

K2-19d was first reported as a planet candidate during a search for candidates from the first year of the K2 Mission[13]and was later validated by Sinukoff et al.[5]

Characteristics

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K2-19 has a planetary system with three known planets, of which the two larger ones, K2-19b and K2-19c, are close to the 3:2mean motion resonance.All three planets orbit closer to their star than the planetMercurydoes to theSun.[4][14]

The K2-19 planetary system[8][15]
Companion
(in order from star) 		Mass Semimajor axis
(AU) 		Orbital period
(days) 		Eccentricity Inclination Radius
d <10M🜨 0.0344(6) 2.5081(2) ? 90.8(7)° 1.11(5)R🜨
b 32.4(1.7)M🜨 0.0762(22) 7.920978(19)[16] 0.20(3) 91.5(1)° 7.0(2)R🜨
c 10.8(0.6)M🜨 0.1001(29) 11.8993(8) 0.21(3) 91.1(1)° 4.1(2)R🜨

References

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  1. ^Roman, Nancy G. (1987)."Identification of a Constellation From a Position".Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific.99(617): 695–699.Bibcode:1987PASP...99..695R.doi:10.1086/132034.Vizier query form
  2. ^abcdeBrown, A. G. A.;et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2021)."GaiaEarly Data Release 3: Summary of the contents and survey properties ".Astronomy & Astrophysics.649:A1.arXiv:2012.01533.Bibcode:2021A&A...649A...1G.doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039657.S2CID227254300.(Erratum:doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039657e).Gaia EDR3 record for this sourceatVizieR.
  3. ^abHenden, A. A.; et al. (2016). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: AAVSO Photometric All Sky Survey (APASS) DR9 (Henden+, 2016)".VizieR On-line Data Catalog: II/336. Originally Published in: 2015AAS...22533616H.2336.Bibcode:2016yCat.2336....0H.Vizier catalog entry
  4. ^abcdNespral, D.; et al. (2017)."Mass determination of K2-19b and K2-19c from radial velocities and transit timing variations".Astronomy and Astrophysics.601A128.arXiv:1604.01265.Bibcode:2017A&A...601A.128N.doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201628639.S2CID55978628.
  5. ^abcdSinukoff, Evan; et al. (2016)."Eleven Multiplanet Systems From K2 Campaigns 1 and 2 and the Masses of Two Hot Super-Earths".The Astrophysical Journal.827(1) 78.arXiv:1511.09213.Bibcode:2016ApJ...827...78S.doi:10.3847/0004-637X/827/1/78.
  6. ^abcSkrutskie, Michael F.; et al. (1 February 2006)."The Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS)".The Astronomical Journal.131(2): 1163–1183.Bibcode:2006AJ....131.1163S.doi:10.1086/498708.Vizier catalog entry
  7. ^abArmstrong, David J.; et al. (2015)."One of the closest exoplanet pairs to the 3:2 mean motion resonance: K2-19b and c".Astronomy and Astrophysics.582A33.arXiv:1503.00692.Bibcode:2015A&A...582A..33A.doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201526008.S2CID8463154.
  8. ^abBarros, S. C. C.; et al. (2015)."Photodynamical mass determination of the multiplanetary system K2-19".Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.454(4): 4267–4276.arXiv:1510.01047.Bibcode:2015MNRAS.454.4267B.doi:10.1093/mnras/stv2271.
  9. ^Narita, Norio; et al. (2015)."Characterization of the K2-19 Multiple-transiting Planetary System via High-dispersion Spectroscopy, AO Imaging, and Transit Timing Variations".The Astrophysical Journal.815(1) 47.arXiv:1510.01060.Bibcode:2015ApJ...815...47N.doi:10.1088/0004-637X/815/1/47.
  10. ^"K2-19".SIMBAD.Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg.Retrieved2018-12-31.
  11. ^Foreman-Mackey, Daniel; et al. (2015)."A Systematic Search for Transiting Planets in the K2 Data".The Astrophysical Journal.806(2) 215.arXiv:1502.04715.Bibcode:2015ApJ...806..215F.doi:10.1088/0004-637X/806/2/215.
  12. ^Montet, Benjamin T.; et al. (2015)."Stellar and Planetary Properties of K2 Campaign 1 Candidates and Validation of 17 Planets, Including a Planet Receiving Earth-like Insolation".The Astrophysical Journal.809(1) 25.arXiv:1503.07866.Bibcode:2015ApJ...809...25M.doi:10.1088/0004-637X/809/1/25.
  13. ^Vanderburg, Andrew; et al. (2016)."Planetary Candidates from the First Year of the K2 Mission".The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series.222(1) 14.arXiv:1511.07820.Bibcode:2016ApJS..222...14V.doi:10.3847/0067-0049/222/1/14.
  14. ^Williams, David R. (2018-09-27)."Mercury Fact Sheet".NASA.Retrieved2019-01-12.
  15. ^Petigura, Erik A.; et al. (January 2020)."K2-19b and c are in a 3:2 Commensurability but out of Resonance: A Challenge to Planet Assembly by Convergent Migration".The Astronomical Journal.159(1) 2.arXiv:1910.12899.Bibcode:2020AJ....159....2P.doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab5220.
  16. ^Kokori, A.; et al. (14 February 2023)."ExoClock Project. III. 450 New Exoplanet Ephemerides from Ground and Space Observations".The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series.265(1) 4.arXiv:2209.09673.Bibcode:2023ApJS..265....4K.doi:10.3847/1538-4365/ac9da4.
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