Kaga Domain
| Kaga Domain Gia hạ phiên Kaga-han | |
|---|---|
| DomainofJapan | |
| 1601–1871 | |
 Kanazawa Castle inKanazawa | |
 Monof theKaga-Maeda
| |
 Map of Kaga Domain (green),Daishōji Domain(orange) andToyama Domain(brown) in late Edo period. | |
| Capital | Kanazawa Castle |
| Area | |
| • Coordinates | 36°34′N136°52′E/ 36.567°N 136.867°E |
| Government | |
| Daimyō | |
• 1601–1605 | Maeda Toshinaga(first) |
• 1866–1871 | Maeda Yoshiyasu(last) |
| Historical era | Edo period |
• Established | 1601 |
| 1871 | |
| Contained within | |
| •Province | Kaga,Etchū,Noto |
| Today part of | Ishikawa Prefecture Toyama Prefecture |
TheKaga Domain(Gia hạ phiên,Kaga-han),also known as theKanazawa Domain(Kim trạch phiên,Kanazawa-han),was adomainof theTokugawa ShogunateofJapanduring theEdo periodfrom 1583 to 1871.[1]
The Kaga Domain was based atKanazawa CastleinKaga Province,in the modern city ofKanazawa,located in theChūbu regionof the island ofHonshu.The Kaga Domain was ruled for its existence by thetozamadaimyōof theMaeda,and covered most of Kaga Province andEtchū Provinceand all ofNoto Provincein theHokuriku region.The Kaga Domain had an assessedkokudakaof over one millionkoku,making it by far the largest domain of the Tokugawa shogunate.[2]The Kaga Domain was dissolved in theabolition of the han systemin 1871 by theMeiji governmentand its territory was absorbed intoIshikawa PrefectureandToyama Prefecture.
History
[edit]Maeda Toshiiewas a distinguished military commander, a retainer ofOda Nobunagaand a close friend ofToyotomi Hideyoshi.A member of theCouncil of Five Elderswho ruled Japan during the Sengoku period, he was granted the Kaga Domain in 1583.[1]His eldest son,Maeda Toshinaga,supportedTokugawa Ieyasuin his rise to power and was rewarded by an increase in his lands to 1.25 millionkoku.
Toshinaga was succeeded by his brotherMaeda Toshitsune,who created two cadet branches of the clan:
- Toyama Domain(100,000koku), headed by descendants of Toshitsune's second sonToshitsugu(1617–1674)
- Daishōji Domain(100,000koku), headed by descendants of Toshitsune's fourth sonToshiaki(1638–1692)
A third cadet line was founded by Toshitsune's brotherMaeda Toshitakafor his services during theSiege of Osaka.This branch held theNanokaichi Domain,rated at the minimum of 10,000koku.
TheMaeda clanruled the Kaga Domain for the entirety of its existence until theabolition of the domainsin 1871 after theMeiji Restorationand the overthrow of the Tokugawa Shogunate. The location of the mainEdoresidence of the Kaga Domain'sdaimyōis now the site of theHongōcampus of theUniversity of Tokyo.
Holdings
[edit]As with most domains in thehansystem, the Kaga Domain consisted of discontinuous territories calculated to provide the assignedkokudaka,based on periodiccadastralsurveys and projected agricultural yields.[3][4]At the end of the Tokugawa shogunate in 1868, the Kaga Domain consisted of the following holdings:
- Kaga Province
- 177 villages inKahoku District(all of district)
- 235 villages inIshikawa District(all of district)
- 205 villages inNomi District(all except 18 villages)
- Noto Province
- 177 villages inHakui District(all of district)
- 128 villages inKashima District(all of district)
- 229 villages inFugeshi District(all of district)
- 75 villages inSuzu District(all except one village, which was shared)
- Etchū Province
- 220 villages inImizu District(all of district)
- 490 villages inTonami District(all of district)
- 409 villages inNiikawa District(all of district)
- Ōmi Province
- 3 villages inTakashima District
List ofdaimyōs
[edit]| # | Name | Tenure | Courtesy title | Court Rank | kokudaka |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maeda clan(tozama) 1583--.1871[5]
| |||||
| 0 | Maeda Toshiie(Tiền điền lợi gia) | 1583–1599 | Chikuzen-no-kami( trúc tiền thủ ) | Junior 2nd Rank (従 nhị vị );Dainagon( đại nạp ngôn ) | 830,000koku |
| 1 | Maeda Toshinaga(Tiền điền lợi trường) | 1599–1605 | Hizen-no-kami( phì tiền thủ ) | Junior 3rd Rank (従 tam vị );Chūnagon( trung nạp ngôn ) | 1,200,000koku |
| 2 | Maeda Toshitsune(Tiền điền lợi thường) | 1605–1639 | Hizen-no-kami( phì tiền thủ ) | Junior 3rd Rank (従 tam vị );Chūnagon( trung nạp ngôn ) | 1,200,000koku |
| 3 | Maeda Mitsutaka(Tiền điền quang cao) | 1639–1645 | Chikuzen-no-kami( trúc tiền thủ ) | Senior 4th, Lower Grade ( chính tứ vị hạ );Sakone-sho-sho( tả cận vệ 権 thiếu tương ) | 1,200,000koku |
| 4 | Maeda Tsunanori(Tiền điền cương kỷ) | 1645–1723 | Kaga-no-kami( gia hạ thủ ) | Junior 3rd Rank (従 tam vị );Sangi( tham nghị ) | 1,030,000koku |
| 5 | Maeda Yoshinori(Tiền điền cát đức) | 1723–1745 | Kaga-no-kami( gia hạ thủ ) | Senior 4th, Lower Grade ( chính tứ vị hạ );Sakone-chu-sho( tả cận vệ 権 trung tương ) | 1,025,000koku |
| 6 | Maeda Munetoki(Tiền điền tông thần) | 1745–1746 | Kaga-no-kami( gia hạ thủ ) | Senior 4th, Lower Grade ( chính tứ vị hạ );Sakone-chu-sho( tả cận vệ 権 trung tương ) | 1,025,000koku |
| 7 | Maeda Shigehiro(Tiền điền trọng hi) | 1746–1753 | Kaga-no-kami( gia hạ thủ ) | Senior 4th, Lower Grade ( chính tứ vị hạ );Sakone-chu-sho( tả cận vệ 権 trung tương ) | 1,025,000koku |
| 8 | Maeda Shigenobu(Tiền điền trọng tĩnh) | 1753 | Kaga-no-kami( gia hạ thủ ) | Senior 4th, Lower Grade ( chính tứ vị hạ );Sakone-sho-sho( tả cận vệ 権 thiếu tương ) | 1,025,000koku |
| 9 | Maeda Shigemichi(Tiền điền trọng giáo) | 1753–1771 | Hizen-no-kami( phì tiền thủ ) | Senior 4th, Lower Grade ( chính tứ vị hạ );Sakone-chu-sho( tả cận vệ 権 trung tương ) | 1,025,000koku |
| 10 | Maeda Harunaga(Tiền điền trị tu) | 1771–1802 | Kaga-no-kami( gia hạ thủ ) | Senior 4th, Lower Grade ( chính tứ vị hạ );Sakone-chu-sho( tả cận vệ 権 trung tương ) | 1,025,000koku |
| 11 | Maeda Narinaga(Tiền điền 斉 quảng) | 1802–1822 | Hizen-no-kami( phì tiền thủ ) | Senior 4th, Lower Grade ( chính tứ vị hạ );Sakone-chu-sho( tả cận vệ 権 trung tương ) | 1,025,000koku |
| 12 | Maeda Nariyasu(Tiền điền 斉 thái) | 1822–1866 | Kaga-no-kami( gia hạ thủ ) | Senior 2nd Rank ( chính nhị vị );Gon-Chūnagon(権 trung nạp ngôn ) | 1,025,000koku |
| 13 | Maeda Yoshiyasu(Tiền điền khánh ninh) | 1866–1871 | Kaga-no-kami( gia hạ thủ ) | Junior 3rd Rank (従 tam vị );Sangi( tham nghị ) | 1,030,000koku |
Genealogy
[edit]The clan records were preserved over the course of centuries.[6]
I. Toshiie, 1stdaimyōof Kaga (cr. 1583)(1539–1599; r. 1583–1599)
- II. Toshinaga, 2nddaimyōof Kaga(1562–1614; r. 1599–1605)
- III. Toshitsune, 3rddaimyōof Kaga(1594–1658; r. 1605–1639)
- IV. Mitsutaka, 4thdaimyōof Kaga(1616–1645; r. 1639–1645)
- V. Tsunanori, 5thdaimyōof Kaga(1643–1724; r. 1645–1723)
- VI. Yoshinori, 6thdaimyōof Kaga(1690–1745; r. 1723–1745)
- VII. Munetoki, 7thdaimyōof Kaga(1725–1747; r. 1745–1747)
- VIII. Shigehiro, 8thdaimyōof Kaga(1729–1753; r. 1747–1753)
- IX. Shigenobu, 9thdaimyōof Kaga(1735–1753; r. 1753)
- X. Shigemichi, 10thdaimyōof Kaga(1741–1786; r. 1754–1771)
- XII. Narinaga, 12thdaimyōof Kaga(1782–1824; r. 1802–1822)
- XIII. Nariyasu, 13thdaimyōof Kaga(1811–1884; r. 1822–1866)
- XIV. Yoshiyasu, 14thdaimyōof Kaga, 14th family head(1830–1874; r. 1866–1869; Governor: 1869–1871; family head: 1869–1874)
- Yoshitsugu, 15th family head, 1st Marquess(1858–1900; 15th family head 1874–1900, Marquess: 1884).
- XI. Harunaga, 11thdaimyōof Kaga(1745–1810; r. 1771–1802).
- Toshiaki, 4thdaimyōof Kaga-Daishōji (1691–1737)
- Toshimichi, 5thdaimyōof Kaga-Daishōji (1733–1781)
- Toshitoyo, 9thdaimyōof Etchū-Toyama (1771–1836)
- Toshihiro, 11thdaimyōof Ueno-Nanokaichi (1823–1877)
- Toshiaki, Governor of Nanokaichi, 1st Viscount (1850–1896; Governor of Nanokaichi 1869–1871, created 1st Viscount 1884)
- Toshinari, 16th family head, 2nd Marquess(1885–1942; 16th family head and 2nd Marquess 1900–1942)
- Toshitatsu, 17th family head, 3rd Marquess(1908–1989; 17th family head 1942–1989, 3rd Marquess 1942–1947)
- Toshihiro, 18th family head(1935–; 18th family head 1989–2022)
- Toshitaka (1963–): 19th family head 2022 -
- Toshikyo (1993–)
- Toshitaka (1963–): 19th family head 2022 -
- Toshihiro, 18th family head(1935–; 18th family head 1989–2022)
- Toshitatsu, 17th family head, 3rd Marquess(1908–1989; 17th family head 1942–1989, 3rd Marquess 1942–1947)
- Toshinari, 16th family head, 2nd Marquess(1885–1942; 16th family head and 2nd Marquess 1900–1942)
- Toshiaki, Governor of Nanokaichi, 1st Viscount (1850–1896; Governor of Nanokaichi 1869–1871, created 1st Viscount 1884)
- Toshihiro, 11thdaimyōof Ueno-Nanokaichi (1823–1877)
- Toshitoyo, 9thdaimyōof Etchū-Toyama (1771–1836)
- Toshimichi, 5thdaimyōof Kaga-Daishōji (1733–1781)
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ab"Kaga Province" at JapaneseCastleExplorer.com;retrieved 2013-4-9.
- ^Totman, Conrad.(1993).Early Modern Japan,p. 119.
- ^Mass, Jeffrey P.and William B. Hauser. (1987).The Bakufu in Japanese History,p. 150.
- ^Elison, George and Bardwell L. Smith (1987).Warlords, Artists, & Commoners: Japan in the Sixteenth Century,p. 18.
- ^Papinot, Jacques Edmond Joseph.(1906).Dictionnaire d'histoire et de géographie du Japon;Papinot, (2003)."Maeda" atNobiliare du Japon,p. 28;retrieved 2013-4-9.
- ^Tiền điền thị at ReichsArchiv.jp;retrieved 2013-7-9.(in Japanese)
Further reading
[edit]- Brown, Philip C. (1993).Central authority and local autonomy in the formation of early modern Japan: the case of Kaga domain.Stanford, California: Stanford University Press.
- Chūda Toshio trung điền mẫn nam (1993).Sankin kōtai dōchūki: Kaga-han shiryō o yomuTham cần giao đại đạo trung ký: Gia hạ phiên sử liêu を đọc む. Tokyo: Heibonsha bình phàm xã.
- Flershem, Robert G., and Yoshiko N. Flershem (1980).Kaga, a domain which changed slowly.Hamburg: Gesellschaft für Natur und Völkerkunde Ostasiens.
- McClain, James L. (1982).Kanazawa: a seventeenth-century Japanese castle town.New Haven: Yale University Press.
