Kheda
Kheda | |
|---|---|
City | |
  Kheda  Kheda | |
| Coordinates:22°45′N72°41′E/ 22.75°N 72.68°E | |
| Country |  India |
| State | Gujarat |
| District | Kheda |
| Elevation | 21 m (69 ft) |
| Population (2011) | |
| • Total | 102,587 |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Gujarati,Hindi,English |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30(IST) |
| Vehicle registration | GJ-07 |
| Website | khedanagarpalika |
Khedais a city and amunicipalityin the Indian state ofGujarat.It was former administrative capital ofKheda district.India's First Deputy Prime MinisterVallabhbhai PatelWas Born InKheda Districtof Gujarat State. Kheda city is famous fortobacco farming.The nearest railway station isMahemadavad Kheda Road.The nearest airport isAhmedabad airport.The nearest bus station is Kheda Bus Station.
History
[edit]The name Kheda originated from theSanskrittermKshetra(lit. 'land or field'). Khetaka in used as a name of a region surrounding the place in ancient literature. It is also mentioned as a town from 12th to 17th century.Ganapatha(dated 2nd century BCE), one of the five volumes ofPāṇini' s grammar mentions Khetaka as a name of the region. It is also mentioned as Divyanagar in 133rd chapter ofPadmapurana.The 7th and 8th century copper-plates ofMaitrakadynasty mentions Khetaka as an administrative division as well as there are mentions of it as a place of Brahmin residence and aRashtrakuta-controlled town in other copper-plates. There were about 750 villages under that administrative division. It is also mentioned in Nimbavati story ofDashakumaracharita,Ācārāṅga Sūtra,Merutunga'sPrabandhachintamani(1305 CE),Puratana-prabandha-sangraha(before 15th century, multiple authors) and Jinaprabha'sVividh-tirtha-kalpa(c. 1332 CE).[1]
It was underChaulukyaandVagheladynasties from 10th to the start of the 14th century. It was brought underGujarat Sultanatethen.[1]The town of Kheda passed to theBabi Dynasty(ofPashtundescent) early in the eighteenth century, with whom it remained until 1763, when it was taken by theMarathasunderDamajirao Gaekwad.Mahmad Khan Babi built its fort.[1]The Marathas underAnandrao Gaekwadceded the district to theBritishin 1803, and it became part of theBombay PresidencyofBritish India.[1]Nevertheless, Kaira was still entitled, at least in 1901, to a tribute of 488 Rupees from theKolipettyprincely stateofGhorasar.Kheda was a large military station until 1830, when the cantonment was removed toDeesa.Brahminestablished many villages in the Kheda District area, as did Jats and other groups.
Kheda is also whereMahatma Gandhilaunched, starting March 1919, theSatyagrahastruggle against oppressive taxation by the British during a time of famine.
The Babi family which ruled Kheda shifted toKhambatand now most of that family lives inAhmedabad.The last head of the Kheda family, Sahibzada Ahmed Siddique Hussain khanji Dilawar khanji Babi, was married to Bima Rahim sultana bakhte babi sahiba ofJunagarh State,and issued a daughter named Bima Nasreen sultana bakhte Babi, who is married to Sahibzada Anis Muhammad khanji babi of Devgam A house ofJunagadh state.
Koli Rebellion Of Kheda
[edit]TheKoli Rebellion Of Khedawas raised by koliPatelsand koliThakorsagainstEast India Companyin 1803. The EIC claimed the kheda and surrounding villages and made his rules for peoples. But kolis refused to obey their rules. Koli chiefs (Thakors and Patels) declared the end of Company rule. First koli chiefs filed petitions in Court of Law in Kheda stating that Company government have no authority over kolis but koli chiefs were ignored. The koli chiefs started raiding and plundering the British territories. In 1808, koli chieftains started raids in cities and villages, stealing the crops, animals and other possessions. The town ofDholka Talukawas main target of kolis. The armed kolis numbering one hundred and fifty attacks at dholka and respectfully returned into their villages. East India Company was unable to control the raids of koli chiefs.[2]
Geography
[edit]Kheda is located at22°45′N72°41′E/ 22.75°N 72.68°E.[3]It has an average elevation of 21 metres (68 feet). Kheda is on the banks ofVatrakand Shedhi rivers.[1]
Population
[edit]Demographics
[edit]As of 2001[update]Indiacensus,[4]Kheda had a population of 27000. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Kheda has an average literacy rate of 70%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 77%, and female literacy is 63%. In Kheda, 13% of the population is under 6 years of age.
Castes and Clans
[edit]The clans of Jats in Gujarat are similar to those of Jats of North India. The following clans are found in the Kheda District. The way they are written in Gujarati is given in brackets.[5]Kheda District is one of few districts in Gujarat with a Jat population (Banas Kantha,Mehsana,Sabar Kantha,Kutchh,etc.)[6]
- Chauhan, Chawan, Chahar (Chauhan)[6]
- Gaur, Goru (Gaur, Gor)[6]
- Godara-Godha (Goda)[6]
- Gulia (Galia)[6]
- Maan (Manar)[6]
JainReligion is Most developed in Kheda. Rajputs in this District are usually of the Chauhan clan. Rajputs have had a huge influence in this area as in the state of Gujarat in general. There are Vohra/Vora Gujjar populations also.
Many of the villages have names based on the clans of Jats who inhabited them, including:
- Sunda (jat)
- Odasi (jat)
- Narwar (jat)
- Pichkya (jat)
Visiting places
[edit]There is one temple ofMeldi Matain Kheda, which holds an annual fair in February. Around 100,000 people visit Kheda for this event.[1]
Economy
[edit]Tobaccofarming is widespread.[citation needed]
Transport
[edit]The city is 35 kilometres (22 mi) fromAhmedabad.TheNational Highway No. 48connectingAhmedabadandMumbaipasses through Kheda. The nearest railway station isMahemadavad Kheda Road.All types of state bus and local transporter are available.
References
[edit]- ^abcdefRajgor, Shivprasad (1993).Thaker, Dhirubhai(ed.).ગુજરાતી વિશ્વકોશ[Gujarati Encyclopedia] (in Gujarati). Vol. V.Ahmedabad:Gujarati Vishwakosh Trust, Ahmedabad. pp. 846–847.OCLC164915270.
- ^Chaturvedi, Vinayak (19 June 2007).Peasant Pasts: History and Memory in Western India.University of California Press.ISBN9780520250789.
- ^Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Kheda
- ^"Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)".Census Commission of India. Archived fromthe originalon 16 June 2004.Retrieved1 November2008.
- ^VP Desai's book "Bharat ke Chaudhary" (Bharatna Anjana)
- ^abcdefMahaveer Singh Verma: Jat Veer Smarika 1992 – "Jat Samaj Ahmedabad"