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Kill Bill: Volume 1

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Kill Bill: Volume 1
A woman wearing a yellow and black-striped suit with patches around the chest holds a katana. Above the film's title reads "THE 4TH FILM BY QUENTIN TARANTINO".
Theatrical release poster
Directed byQuentin Tarantino
Written byQuentin Tarantino
Produced byLawrence Bender
Starring
CinematographyRobert Richardson
Edited bySally Menke
Music byRZA
Production
company
Distributed byMiramax Films[1]
Release date
  • October 10, 2003(2003-10-10)
Running time
111 minutes
CountryUnited States[1]
LanguagesEnglish
Chinese
Japanese
Budget$30 million[2]
Box office$180.9 million[2]

Kill Bill: Volume 1is a 2003 Americanmartial arts filmwritten and directed byQuentin Tarantino.It starsUma Thurmanasthe Bride,who swears revenge on a group of assassins (Lucy Liu,Michael Madsen,Daryl Hannah,andVivica A. Fox) and their leader, Bill (David Carradine), after they try to kill her and her unborn child. Her journey takes her to Tokyo, where she battles theyakuza.

Kill Billwas inspired by 1970sexploitation filmsand martial arts films. It features ananimesequence byProduction I.G.Volume 1is the first of twoKill Billfilms made in a single production. They were originally set for a single release, but the film, with a runtime of over four hours, was divided in two. This meant Tarantino did not have to cut scenes.Volume 2was released six months later.

Kill Billwas theatrically released in the United States on October 10, 2003. It received positive reviews and grossed over $180 million worldwide on a $30 million budget, achieving the highest-grossing opening weekend of a Tarantino film to that point.

Plot

[edit]

In 1999,the Bride,a former member of the Deadly Viper assassination squad, is rehearsing her marriage at a chapel inEl Paso, Texas.The Deadly Vipers, led by Bill, attack the chapel, shooting everyone. As the Bride lies wounded, she tells Bill he is the father of her unborn child just as he shoots her in the head.

The Bride falls into a coma. In the hospital, Elle Driver, one of the Deadly Vipers, prepares to assassinate her via lethal injection. Bill aborts the mission at the last moment, considering it dishonorable to kill her while she is defenseless.

The Bride awakens four years later and is horrified to discover she is no longer pregnant. She kills a man who intends to rape her, and a hospital worker who has been selling her body while she was comatose. She takes the hospital worker's truck and vows to kill Bill and the other Deadly Vipers.

The Bride goes to the home of Vernita Green, a former Deadly Viper who now leads a normal suburban life. They engage in a knife fight, which is interrupted when Vernita's young daughter arrives home. When Vernita tries to shoot the Bride with a pistol hidden in a box of cereal, the Bride throws a knife into her chest, killing her, in front of her daughter, who she offers the chance for revenge when she becomes older.

The Bride goes to Okinawa to obtain a sword from the legendary swordsmithHattori Hanzō,who has sworn never to forge a sword again. After learning that her target is Bill, his former student, he crafts his finest sword for her.

The Bride travels to Tokyo to find another Deadly Viper, O-Ren Ishii, now the leader of the Tokyoyakuza.After witnessing the yakuza murder her parents when she was a child, O-Ren took vengeance on the yakuza boss and replaced him after training as an elite assassin.

The Bride tracks O-Ren Ishii to a restaurant, where she amputates the arm of O-Ren's assistant, Sofie Fatale. The Bride defeats O-Ren's squad of elite fighters, the Crazy 88, and kills O-Ren's bodyguard, the schoolgirl Gogo Yubari. O-Ren and the Bride duel in the restaurant'sJapanese garden.The Bride kills O-Ren by slicing off the top of her head. She tortures Sofie for information about the other Deadly Vipers, and leaves her alive as a threat. Bill finds Sofie and asks her if the Bride knows that her daughter is alive.

Cast

[edit]
  • Uma ThurmanasBeatrix "the Bride" Kiddo(code name Black Mamba), a former member of the Deadly Viper Assassination Squad, described as "the deadliest woman in the world".
  • Lucy LiuasO-Ren Ishii(code name Cottonmouth), a former Deadly Viper who has become the leader of the Japaneseyakuza.
  • Vivica A. FoxasVernita Green(code name Copperhead), a former Deadly Viper and now a mother and homemaker living under the name Jeannie Bell.
  • Michael MadsenasBudd(code name Sidewinder), a former Deadly Viper and Bill's brother, working as a strip club bouncer. He is the Bride's third target.
  • Daryl HannahasElle Driver(code name California Mountain Snake), a former Deadly Viper, Bill's lover and the Bride's fourth target. Driver is based on Madeline (Christina Lindberg) inThey Call Her One Eye.[3]
  • David CarradineasBill(code name Snake Charmer), the former leader of the Deadly Vipers, the Bride's former lover, and the father of her daughter. He is anunseen characteruntilVolume 2.
  • Sonny ChibaasHattori Hanzō,a sushi chef and long-retired masterswordsmith.
  • Chiaki KuriyamaasGogo Yubari,O-Ren's sadistic Japanese schoolgirl bodyguard.
  • Gordon Liuas Johnny Mo, head of O-Ren's personal army, theCrazy 88.
  • Michael Parksas RangerEarl McGraw,a Texas Ranger who investigates the wedding chapel massacre. Parks originated McGraw in theRobert RodriguezfilmFrom Dusk till Dawn,which Tarantino wrote and acted in. He reprised the role in both segments of the Rodriguez/Tarantino collaborationGrindhouse.Parks also appeared inVolume 2as a separate character, Esteban Vihaio.
  • Julie DreyfusasSofie Fatale,O-Ren's lawyer, confidante, and second lieutenant. She is also a former protégée of Bill's and is present at the wedding chapel massacre.
  • Michael BowenasBuck,an orderly at the hospital who has been raping and prostituting the Bride while she lay comatose.
  • Jun Kunimuraas Boss Tanaka, a yakuza whom O-Ren executes after he ridicules her ethnicity and gender.
  • Kenji Ohbaas Shiro, Hattori Hanzo's employee.
  • Yuki Kazamatsuri as the Proprietress of the House of Blue Leaves.
  • James Parksas RangerEdgar McGraw,a Texas Ranger and son of Earl McGraw.
  • Goro Daimonas Boss Honda
  • Shun Sugataas Boss Genta
  • Akaji Maroas Boss Ozawah
  • Kazuki Kitamuraas Boss Koji, a yakuza working for O-Ren. He also appeared as Bodyguard #2 in O-Ren's army, the Crazy 88.
  • The 5.6.7.8's(Sachiko Fuji, Yoshiko Yamaguchi and Ronnie Yoshiko Fujiyama) as themselves, performing at the House of Blue Leaves.
  • Jonathan Loughranas Buck's trucker client, killed by the Bride after he attempts to rape her.
  • Sakichi Satoas "Charlie Brown", a House of Blue Leaves employee who wears a kimono similar to the shirt worn bythePeanutscharacter.
  • Ambrosia Kelley as Nakia "Nikki" Bell, Vernita's four-year-old daughter.
  • Yōji Tanakaas Crazy 88 #3
  • Issey Takahashias Crazy 88 #4
  • Juri Manaseas Crazy 88 #6
  • Ai Maedaas O-Ren (anime sequence) (voice)
  • Naomi Kusumias Boss Matsumoto (anime sequence) (voice)
  • Hikaru Midorikawaas Pretty Riki (anime sequence) (voice)

Production

[edit]

Writing

[edit]
The chapel used in the opening sequence

Quentin Tarantinoand Uma Thurman conceived the Bride character during the production of Tarantino's 1994 filmPulp Fiction;Kill Billcredits the story to "Q & U".[4]Tarantino spent a year and a half writing the script while he was living in New York City in 2000 and 2001, spending time with Thurman and her newborn daughterMaya.[4][5]Reuniting with the more mature Thurman, now a mother, influenced the way Tarantino wrote the Bride character. He didn't realize that her child could still be alive until the end of the writing process.[4]

Tarantino developed many of the Bride's characteristics for the character ofShosanna Dreyfusfor his 2009 filmInglourious Basterds,which he worked on beforeKill Bill.Dreyfus was to be an assassin with a list of Nazis she would cross off as she killed. Tarantino switched the character to the Bride and redeveloped Dreyfus.[6]Thurman citedClint Eastwood's performance asBlondiein the 1966 filmThe Good, the Bad and the Uglyas an inspiration. In her words, Eastwood "says almost nothing but somehow manages to portray a whole character".[7]

Tarantino originally wrote Bill forWarren Beatty,but as the character developed and the role required greater screen time and martial arts training, he rewrote it forDavid Carradine.[8]Beatty said he turned the role down, as he did not want to be away from his family while shooting in China.[9]Tarantino also consideredBruce Willisfor the role.[10]He cast Daryl Hannah as Elle Driver after seeing her performance in the television filmFirst Target.The physical similarities between Thurman and Hannah inspired how he wrote the rivalry between the characters.[11]Michelle Yeohmet with Tarantino about a role in the film.[12]

An early draft included a chapter after the confrontation with Vernita, in which the Bride has a gunfight with Gogo Yubari's vengeful sister Yuki. It was cut because it would have made the film overlong and added $1 million to the budget.[4]Another draft featured a scene in which the Bride's car is blown up by Elle.[4]

Filming

[edit]
Reproduction of the katana used by the Bride

When Thurman became pregnant as shooting was ready to begin, Tarantino delayed the production, saying: "IfJosef Von Sternbergis getting ready to makeMoroccoandMarlene Dietrichgets pregnant, he waits for Dietrich! "[8]Principal photography began in 2002.[13]Although the scenes are presented out of chronological order, the film was shot in sequence.[4]The choreographerYuen Woo-Ping,whose credits includedThe Matrix,was the martial arts advisor.[14]Theanimesequence, covering O-Ren Ishii's backstory, was directed byKazuto Nakazawaand produced byProduction I.G,which had produced films includingGhost in the ShellandBlood: The Last Vampire.[15]The combined production lasted 155 days and had a budget of $55 million.[16]

According to Tarantino, the most difficult part of making the film was "trying to take myself to a different place as a filmmaker and throw my hat in the ring with other great action directors", as opposed to the dialogue scenes he was known for.[4]The House of Blue Leaves sequence, in which the Bride battles dozens of yakuza soldiers, took eight weeks to film, six weeks over schedule. Tarantino wanted to create "one of the greatest, most exciting sequences in the history of cinema".[14]The crew eschewedcomputer-generated imageryin favor ofpractical effectsused in 1970sChinese cinema,particularly by the directorChang Cheh,including the use of fire extinguishers and condoms to create spurts and explosions of blood. Tarantino told his crew: "Let's pretend we're little kids and we're making aSuper 8movie in our back yard, and you don't have all this shit. How would you achieve this effect? Ingenuity is important here! "[14][17]

Near the end of filming, Thurman was injured in a crash while filming the scene in which she drives to Bill. According to Thurman, she was uncomfortable driving the car and asked that a stunt driver do it. Tarantino assured her that the car and road were safe. She lost control of the car and hit a tree, suffering a concussion and knee injuries.[18]According to Thurman, Miramax would only give her the crash footage if she signed a document "releasing them of any consequences of [Thurman's] future pain and suffering". Tarantino was apologetic, but their relationship became bitter for years afterwards. Thurman said that after the car crash she "went from being a creative contributor and performer to being like a broken tool". Miramax released the footage in 2018 after Thurman went to police following theaccusations of sexual abuseby the producer,Harvey Weinstein.[18][19]

Editing

[edit]

Kill Billwas planned and filmed as a single film.[16]After editing began, Weinstein, who was known for pressuring filmmakers to shorten their films, suggested that Tarantino split the film in two.[16]This meant Tarantino did not have to cut scenes, such as the anime sequence. Tarantino toldIGN:"I'm talking about scenes that are some of the best scenes in the movie, but in this hurdling pace where you're trying to tell only one story, that would have been the stuff that would have had to go. But to me, that's kind of what the movie was, are these little detours and these little grace notes."[4]The decision to split the film was announced in July 2003.[16]Tarantino saved most of the Bride's character development for the second film, saying he wanted to make her scary rather than sympathetic forVolume 1.[20]

Music

[edit]
Main article:Kill Bill Vol. 1 Original Soundtrack

Influences

[edit]

Kill Billwas inspired byexploitation filmsthat played incheap US theatersin the 1970s, includingmartial artsfilms,samurai cinema,blaxploitationfilms andspaghetti westerns.[21]It pays homage to theShaw Brothers Studio,known for its martial arts films, with the inclusion of the ShawScope logo in the opening titles and the "crashing zoom", a fastzoomusually ending in aclose-upcommonly used in Shaw Brothers films.[22]The Bride's yellow tracksuit, helmet and motorcycle resemble those used byBruce Leein the 1972 martial arts filmGame of Death.[23]The animated sequence pays homage to violentanimefilms such asGolgo 13: The Professional(1983) andWicked City(1987).[24]Tarantino stated in the supplementary material on theKill BillDVD that the character Hattori Hanzō was named in tribute to Sonny Chiba's former role as Hattori Hanzō (the historical 16th-centuryIga ninja) in the 1980s Japanese TV seriesShadow Warriors.

The Guardianwrote thatKill Bill's plot shares similarities with the 1973 Japanese filmLady Snowblood,in which a woman kills off the gang who murdered her family, and observed that like howLady Snowblooduses stills and illustration for "parts of the narrative that were too expensive to film",Kill Billsimilarly uses "Japanese-style animation to break up the narrative".[21]The plot also resembles the 1968 French filmThe Bride Wore Black,in which a bride seeks revenge on five gang members and strikes them off a list as she kills them.[25]

According to Tarantino, the animated sequence inKill Billwas inspired by Indian directorKamal Haasan's 2001 film,Aalavandhan.[26]

Release

[edit]

Theatrical

[edit]
TheState Theater (Ann Arbor, MI)shows a double feature ofKill Bill Volume 1andVolume 2

Kill Bill: Volume 1was released in theaters onOctober 10,2003. It was the first Tarantino film in six years, followingJackie Brownin 1997.[27]In the United States and Canada,Volume 1was released in3,102 theatersand grossed$22 millionon its opening weekend.[2]Paul Dergarabedian, president of Exhibitor Relations, saidVolume 1's opening weekend gross was significant for a "very genre specific and very violent" film that in the United States was restricted to theatergoers 17 years old and up.[28]It ranked first at the box office, beatingSchool of Rock(in its second weekend) andIntolerable Cruelty(in its first).Volume 1had the widest theatrical release[28]and highest-grossing opening weekend of a Tarantino film to date;Jackie BrownandPulp Fiction(1994) had each grossed$9.3 millionon their opening weekends.[27]According to the studio, exit polls showed that 90% of the audience was interested in seeing the secondKill Billafter seeing the first.[29]

Outside the United States and Canada,Kill Bill: Volume 1was released in20 territories.The film outperformed its main competitorIntolerable Crueltyin Norway, Denmark and Finland, though it ranked second in Italy.Volume 1had a record opening in Japan, though expectations were higher due to the film being partially set there and because of its homages to Japanese martial arts cinema. It had "a muted entry" in the United Kingdom and Germany due to its 18 certificate, but "experienced acceptable drops" after its opening weekend in the two territories. ByNovember 2,2003, it had made$31 millionin the20 territories.[30]It grossed a total of$70 millionin the United States and Canada and$110.9 millionin other territories for a worldwide total of$180.9 million.[2]

Home media

[edit]

In the United States,Volume 1was released onDVDandVHSon April 13, 2004, the weekVolume 2was released in theaters. In a December 2005 interview, Tarantino addressed the lack of a special edition DVD forKill Billby stating "I've been holding off because I've been working on it for so long that I just wanted a year off fromKill Billand then I'll do the big supplementary DVD package. "[31]After one week of release, the film's DVD sales had surpassed its$70 millionUS box office gross.[32]

The United States does not have a DVD boxed set ofKill Bill,though box sets of the two separate volumes are available in other countries, such as France, Japan and the United Kingdom. Upon the DVD release ofVolume 2in the US, however, Best Buy did offer an exclusive box set slipcase to house the two individual releases together.[33]Volume 1,along withVolume 2,was released inHigh DefinitiononBlu-rayon September 9, 2008, in the United States. As of March 2012,Volume 1sold 141,456 Blu-ray units in the US, grossing $1,477,791.[34]

AfterDisneysoldMiramaxtoFilmyard Holdingsin 2010, the home media and streaming rights for bothKill Billfilms were sold toLionsgate,who reissued the Blu-ray and DVD releases on April 26, 2011.[35]A limited edition steelbook release sold exclusively inBest Buystores was released on November 24, 2013.[36]FollowingParamount Global's 49% stake in Miramax, the film was reissued on Blu-ray and DVD byParamount Pictures Home Entertainmenton September 22, 2020.[37]In 2023,Lionsgateannounced that they had purchased the distribution rights to bothKill Billfilms, along withJackie Brown,and announced a brand new 4K remaster for the film's 20th anniversary.[38]

Reception

[edit]

On the review aggregatorRotten Tomatoes,Kill Bill: Volume 1has a score of 85% based on reviews from 238 critics; the average rating is 7.70/10. Its consensus reads: "Kill Billis admittedly little more than a stylish revenge thriller – albeit one that benefits from a wildly inventive surfeit of style. "[39]AtMetacritic,which assigns a weighted average score 69 out of 100 based on 43 reviews from mainstream critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".[40]Audiences polled byCinemaScoregave the film an average grade of "B+" on an A+ to F scale.[41]

A. O. ScottofThe New York Timeswrote:

While being so relentlessly exposed to a filmmaker's idiosyncratic turn-ons can be tedious and off-putting, the undeniable passion that drivesKill Billis fascinating, even, strange to say it, endearing. Mr. Tarantino is an irrepressible showoff, recklessly flaunting his formal skills as a choreographer of high-concept violence, but he is also an unabashed cinephile, and the sincerity of his enthusiasm gives this messy, uneven spectacle an odd, feverish integrity.[42]

Manohla Dargisof theLos Angeles TimescalledKill Bill: Volume 1a "blood-soaked valentine to movies.... It's apparent that Tarantino is striving for more than an off-the-rack mash note or a pastiche of golden oldies. It is, rather, his homage to movies shot in celluloid and wide, wide, wide, wide screen — an ode to the time right before movies were radically secularized." She also recognized Tarantino's technical talent, but thought the film's appeal was too limited to popular culture references, calling its story "the least interesting part of the whole equation".[43]Roger Ebertof theChicago Sun-Timesgave it 4 out of 4, describing Tarantino as "effortlessly and brilliantly in command of his technique". He wrote: "The movie is not about anything at all except the skill and humor of its making. It's kind of brilliant."[44]

Cultural historianMaud Lavinstates that the Bride's embodiment of revenge taps into viewers' personal fantasies of committing violence. For audiences, particularly women viewers, the character provides a complex site for identification with one's own aggression.[45]

Accolades

[edit]

Uma Thurmanreceived aGolden Globe Best Actressnomination in 2004. She was also nominated in 2004 for aBAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role,in addition with four otherBAFTAnominations.Kill Bill: Volume 1was placed inEmpireMagazine's list of the 500 Greatest Films of All Time at number 325 and the Bride was also ranked number 66 inEmpiremagazine's "100 Greatest Movie Characters".[46]NeitherKill Billmovie received anyAcademy Awards(Oscars) nominations.

Awards
Award Category Recipient(s) Outcome
57th British Academy Film Awards
Best Actress Uma Thurman Nominated
Best Editing Sally Menke Nominated
Best Film Music RZA Nominated
Best Sound Michael Minkler,Myron Nettinga,Wylie Stateman,and Mark Ulano Nominated
Best Visual Effects Tommy Tom, Kia Kwan, Tam Wai, Kit Leung, Jaco Wong, and Hin Leung Nominated
9th Empire Awards
Best Film Kill Bill: Volume 1 Nominated
Best Actress Uma Thurman Won
Best Director Quentin Tarantino Won
Sony Ericsson Scene of the Year The House of the Blue Leaves Nominated
61st Golden Globe Awards Best Actress – Motion Picture Drama Uma Thurman Nominated
2004 MTV Movie Awards[47] Best Female Performance Uma Thurman Won
Best Villain Lucy Liu Won
Best Fight Uma Thurman vs.Chiaki Kuriyama Won
2003 Satellite Awards
Best Art Direction/Production Design Kill Bill: Volume 1 Nominated
Best Original Screenplay Quentin Tarantino and Uma Thurman Nominated
Best Sound Kill Bill: Volume 1 Nominated
Best Visual Effects Kill Bill: Volume 1 Nominated
30th Saturn Awards
Best Action/Adventure Film Kill Bill: Volume 1 Won
Best Actress Uma Thurman Won
Best Supporting Actor Sonny Chiba Nominated
Best Supporting Actress Lucy Liu Nominated
Best Director Quentin Tarantino Nominated
Best Screenplay Quentin Tarantino Nominated
Genre Face of the Future Chiaki Kuriyama Nominated

Sequel

[edit]
Main article:Kill Bill: Volume 2

A direct sequel,Kill Bill: Volume 2,was released in April 2004. It continues the Bride's quest to kill Bill and the remaining members of the Deadly Viper Assassination Squad.Volume 2was also a critical and commercial success, earning over $150 million.[48][49]

Legacy

[edit]

Kill Buljois a 2007 Norwegian parody ofKill Billset inFinnmark,Norway, and portrays Jompa Tormann's hunt for Tampa and Papa Buljo. The film satirizes stereotypes of Norway'sSamipopulation. According to the Norwegian newspaperDagbladet,Tarantino approved of the parody.[50]

ThePussy Wagonvehicle fromVolume 1made a cameo in the music video forLady GagaandBeyoncé's 2010 song "Telephone"at Tarantino's behest.[51]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
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  2. ^abcd"Kill Bill Vol. 1 (2003)".Box Office Mojo.Archivedfrom the original on December 29, 2020.RetrievedJune 29,2011.
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  49. ^Staff (April 19, 2004)."Bill makes a killing at US box office".The Guardian.Archivedfrom the original on January 26, 2020.RetrievedJanuary 26,2020.Kill Bill: Volume 2's total... confirmed the financial good sense of Miramax's decision to split the movie in two.
  50. ^"Tekstarkiv".Dagbladet.no. Archived fromthe originalon May 5, 2009.RetrievedJuly 14,2009.
  51. ^Gregory, Jason (March 12, 2010)."Lady Gaga: 'Pussy Wagon In Telephone Video Was Quentin Tarantino's Idea'".Gigwise.Archivedfrom the original on October 30, 2015.RetrievedNovember 23,2015.
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