Korean Air
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Founded | June 1962 (asKorean Air Lines) | ||||||
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Commenced operations | March 1, 1969 | ||||||
Hubs | |||||||
Focus cities | |||||||
Frequent-flyer program | SKYPASS | ||||||
Alliance | |||||||
Subsidiaries |
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Fleet size | 167[2] | ||||||
Destinations | 108[3] | ||||||
Parent company | Hanjin Group | ||||||
Traded as | KRX:003490 | ||||||
Headquarters | Seoul,South Korea | ||||||
Key people | Walter Cho(Chairman&CEO) Woo Kee-Hong (President) | ||||||
Revenue | ![]() | ||||||
Operating income | ![]() | ||||||
Net income | ![]() | ||||||
Total assets | ![]() | ||||||
Employees | 20,000 | ||||||
Website | koreanair.com | ||||||
Notes | |||||||
Korean name | |
Hangul | |
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Hanja | |
Revised Romanization | Daehan Hanggong |
McCune–Reischauer | Taehan Hanggong |
Korean Air Lines Co., Ltd.(KAL;Korean:주식회사 대한항공;Hanja:Chu thức hội xã đại hàn hàng không;RR:Jusikhoesa Daehan Hanggong),operating asKorean Air,is theflag carrierofSouth Koreaand its largest airline based on fleet size, international destinations, and international flights. It is owned by theHanjinGroup.
The present-day Korean Air traces its history to March 1, 1969, when the Hanjin group acquired government-owned Korean Air Lines, which had operated since June 1962.[5]Korean Air is a founding member ofSkyTeamallianceandSkyTeam Cargo.As of 2024, it is one of the 10 airlines ranked5-star airlinebySkytrax,[6]and the top 20 airlines in the world in terms of passengers carried and is also one of the top-ranked international cargo airlines.
Korean Air's international passenger division and related subsidiary cargo division together serve 126 cities in 44 countries. Its domestic division serves 13 destinations. The airline's global headquarters is located inSeoul,South Korea.The airline had approximately 20,540 employees as of December 2014.[7]
The airline was, around 1999, known as "an industry pariah, notorious for fatal crashes" due to its poor safety record anda large number of incidents and accidents.[8]The airline's reputation has significantly improved by 2009 as it has focused investment on improving its safety record including by hiring consultants fromBoeingandDelta Air Lines.[9]
In November 2020, it was announced that Korean Air is going to merge with competitor,Asiana Airlines,andproposed mergeris currently waiting theU.S. Department of Justice's decision.[10][11]
History
[edit]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Douglas_DC-4-1009_Korean_National_Airlines_HL-108.jpg/220px-Douglas_DC-4-1009_Korean_National_Airlines_HL-108.jpg)
Founding
[edit]In 1962,government of the Republic of KoreaacquiredKorean National Airlines,which was founded in 1946, and changed its name to Korean Air Lines to become a state-owned airline. On 1 March 1969, theHanjinGroup acquired the state-owned airline and it is the beginning of Korean Air.[12][13]Long-haul trans-pacific freight operations were introduced on April 26, 1971, followed by passenger services toLos Angeles International Airporton April 19, 1972.[14]
Expansion
[edit]Korean Air operated international flights to destinations such as Hong Kong, Japan, Taiwan, and Los Angeles withBoeing 707suntil the introduction of theBoeing 747in 1973. In that year, the airline introduced Boeing 747s on its trans-Pacific routes and started a European service to Paris, France using the 707 and thenMcDonnell Douglas DC-10.In 1975, the airline became one of the earliest Asian airlines to operateAirbusaircraft with the purchase of threeAirbus A300s,which were put into immediate service on Asian routes.[15]In 1981, Korean Air opened its cargo terminal atLos Angeles International Airport.[12]Since South Korean aircraft were prohibited from flying in theairspaceofNorth Koreaand theSoviet Unionat the time, the European routes had to be designed eastbound from South Korea, such asSeoul~Anchorage~Paris.
Change to 'Korean Air'
[edit]A blue-top, silver and redesignedliverywith a new corporate "Korean Air" logo featuring a stylizedTaegeukdesign was introduced on March 1, 1984, and the airline's name changed toKorean Airfrom Korean Air Lines. This livery was introduced on itsMD-80sandBoeing 747-300s.It was designed in cooperation between Korean Air andBoeing.In the 1990s, Korean Air became the first airline to use the newMcDonnell Douglas MD-11to supplement its new fleet ofBoeing 747-400aircraft; however, the MD-11 did not meet the airline's performance requirements and they were eventually converted to freighters. Some older 747 aircraft were also converted for freight service. In 1984, Korean Air's head office was in the KAL Building onNamdaemunno,Jung-gu,Seoul.[12][13][16]
Checkered safety culture and record
[edit]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Korean_Air_Flight_801_wreckage.jpg/220px-Korean_Air_Flight_801_wreckage.jpg)
Korean Air was once notorious for its abysmal safety record and high rate of fatal crashes.[17][18][19][20]In 1999, Korea's PresidentKim Dae-jungdescribed the airline's safety record as "an embarrassment to the nation" and chose Korean Air's smaller rival,Asiana,for a flight to the United States.[21]
Between 1970 and 1999, Korean Air wrote off 16 aircraft due to serious incidents and accidents with the loss of over 700 lives.[22]In the case ofKorean Air Flight 801,theNational Transportation Safety Boardunanimously concluded that the airline's inadequate pilot training contributed to the pilot error that caused the fatal crash.[23]
In 1999,Delta Air Linessuspended its code-sharing relationship with Korean Air explicitly citing its poor safety record following the fatal crash ofKorean Air Cargo Flight 6316.It marked the first time safety was explicitly cited as the reason for stopping a major code-sharing alliance by an airline.[24]Other partners includingAir CanadaandAir Francefollowed suit.
In 2001, theFederal Aviation Administrationdowngraded South Korea's aviation safety rating and blocked South Korean carriers from expanding into the United States after the country and its carriers failed to improve sufficiently following a warning the previous year.[25]The move was driven by the country's lax oversight of its carriers including Korean Air.[26]
The rating has since been restored as the airline invested billions of dollars to improve safety, upgrade its fleet, install new technology, and overhaul its corporate culture including hiring consultants fromBoeingandDelta Air Lines.[9]In 2002, theNew York Timesnoted that Korean Air had been removed from many "shun lists".[17]
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Korean_Air_Boeing_747SP_at_Basle_-_January_1985.jpg/220px-Korean_Air_Boeing_747SP_at_Basle_-_January_1985.jpg)
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Korean_Air_takes_delivery_of_its_first_A380_at_Toulouse_Blagnac_International_Airport.jpg/220px-Korean_Air_takes_delivery_of_its_first_A380_at_Toulouse_Blagnac_International_Airport.jpg)
Early 21st century
[edit]On 23 June 2000, along withAeroméxico,Air FranceandDelta Air Lines,Korean Air founded majorairline alliance,SkyTeamandSkyTeam Cargo,founded on 28 September 2000.[22][27]
On 5 June 2007, Korean Air said that it would create a new low-cost carrier calledJin Airin Korea to compete with Korea'sKTXhigh-speed railway network system, which offered cheaper fares and less stringent security procedures compared to air travel. Jin Air started scheduled passenger service on July 17, 2008. Korean Air announced that some of its 737s and A300s would be given to Jin Air.
In mid-2010, a co-marketing deal with games companyBlizzard Entertainmentsent a747-400and a737-900taking to the skies wrapped inStarCraft IIbranding. In August 2010, Korean Air announced heavy second-quarter losses despite record-high revenue.[28] In August 2010, Hanjin Group, the parent of KAL, opened a new cargo terminal atNavoiy International Airportin Uzbekistan, which will become a cargo hub with regular Seoul-Navoi-Milan flights.[29]
In 2013, Korean Air acquired a 44% stake inCzech Airlines.[30]It sold the stake in October 2017. On 1 May 2018, the airline launched ajoint venturepartnership withDelta Air Lines.[31]
In 2019, Korean Air began playing asafety videowith theK-popgroupSuperM.[32]It featured the song "Let's go everywhere", which was to be released as a single.[33]The airline also featured the group on a livery sported by aBoeing 777-300ER,with registration HL8010.[34][35]
In 2023, Korean Air was certified a 5-star Airline bySkytrax,an air transport rating organization.[36]
Nut rage incident
[edit]Cho Hyun-Ah, also known as "Heather Cho", is the daughter of then-chairmanCho Yang-ho.She resigned from some of her duties in late 2014 after she ordered a Korean Air jet to return to the gate to allow a flight attendant to be removed from the aircraft. The attendant had served Cho nuts in a bag instead of on a plate. As a result of further fallout, Cho Hyun-Ah was later arrested by Korean authorities for violating South Korea's aviation safety laws.[37]
Proposed merger with Asiana Airlines
[edit]In November 2020 during theCOVID-19 pandemic,theSouth Korean Governmentofficially announced that Korean Air will acquireAsiana Airlines.[38]TheMinistry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport of the Republic of Koreawill integrate subsidiariesAir Busan,Air SeoulandJin Airto form a combined low-cost carrier which will focus on regional airports in Korea.[39]
In March 2021, KAL announced the merger with Asiana Airlines will be delayed as foreign authorities have not approved the deal.[40][41]As of 2023, the deal has not been completed as essential countries have approached the deal with skepticism.[42]
Corporate affairs and identity
[edit]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Korean_Air_Headquarters_in_Seoul.jpg/220px-Korean_Air_Headquarters_in_Seoul.jpg)
Ownership
[edit]Korean Air is owned byHanjinGroup and it is majority controlled by Hanjin KAL Corporation. The owner family of Hanjin Group is still the airline's largest and controlling, shareholder;Walter Cho,its current chairman and CEO, is the third generation of the family to lead the airline. As of 5 June 2020, Hanjin KAL holds 29.27% of Korean Air shares.[5]
Hubs and headquarters
[edit]Incheon International AirportTerminal 2 is Korean Air's international hubs.[citation needed]
Korean Air's headquarters (대한항공 빌딩/ đại hàn hàng không 빌딩) is located inGonghang-dong,Gangseo-guin Seoul.[43]The company also maintains a satellite headquarters campus atIncheon.[citation needed]Korean Air also has offices atGimpo International Airportin Seoul.
Korean Air's other hubs are atJeju International Airport,JejuandGimhae International Airport,Busan.[14]The maintenance facilities are located in Gimhae International Airport. The majority of Korean Air's pilots, ground staff, and flight attendants are based in Seoul and Busan.[citation needed]
Chaebol and nepotism
[edit]Korean Air has been cited as one of the examples of the South Korean "chaebol"system, wherein corporate conglomerates, established with government support, overreach diverse branches of industry. For much of the time between the foundation of Korean Air as Korean National Airlines in 1946 and the foundation ofAsiana Airlinesin 1988, Korean Air was the only airline operating in South Korea.
The process of the sale of Korean National Airlines to Hanjin in 1969 was supported byPark Chung Hee,the South Korean military general president who seized power of the country through a military coup d'état; and the monopoly of the airline was secured for two decades.
After widening the chaebol branches, the subsidiary corporations of Korean Air include marine and overland transportation businesses, hotels, and real estate among others; and the previous branches included heavy industry, passenger transportation, construction, and a stockbroking business. The nature of the South Korean chaebol system involves nepotism. A series of incidents involving Korean Air in the 2000s have "revealed an ugly side of the culture within chaebols, South Korea's giant family-run conglomerates".[44]
Hotel ownership
[edit]Korean Air owns five hotels: two KAL hotels on Jeju island, the Hyatt in Incheon; Waikiki Resort in Hawaii, and a hotel/office building called theWilshire Grand Towerin Los Angeles. This building in downtown Los Angeles houses the largestInterContinental Hotelin the Americas in what is thetallest building in Los Angeles.[45]
Korean Air Aerospace Division
[edit]Korean Air is also involved in aerospace research and manufacturing. The division, known as the Korean Air Aerospace Division (KAL-ASD), has manufactured licensed versions of theMD Helicopters MD 500andSikorsky UH-60 Black Hawkhelicopters, as well as theNorthrop F-5E/F Tiger II fighter aircraft,[46]the aft fuselage and wings for theKF-16fighter aircraft manufactured byKorean Aerospace Industriesand parts for various commercial aircraft including the Boeing 737, Boeing 747, Boeing 777 and Boeing 787 Dreamliner; and the Airbus A330 and Airbus A380.[47]In 1991, the division designed and flew theKorean Air Chang-Gong 91light aircraft. KAA also provides aircraft maintenance support for the United States Department of Defense in Asia and maintains a research division with focuses on launch vehicles, satellites, commercial aircraft, military aircraft, helicopters, and simulation systems.[48]
In October 2012, a development deal betweenBombardier Aerospaceand a government-led South Korean consortium was announced, aiming to develop a 90-seatturbopropregional airliner,targeting a 2019 launch date. The consortium would have includedKorea Aerospace Industriesand Korean Air.[49]While this plan did not come to fruition, in 2019, Korean Aerospace Industries nevertheless decided to conduct a two-year study to assess the feasibility of taking the lead on building a turboprop airliner.[50]
Destinations
[edit]Codeshare agreements
[edit]Korean Air hascodeshare agreementswith the following airlines:[51][52]
- Aeroflot(suspended)[53]
- Aerolíneas Argentinas
- Aeroméxico
- Air Europa
- Air France
- Air Tahiti Nui
- Alaska Airlines
- Aurora[54]
- China Airlines
- China Eastern Airlines
- China Southern Airlines
- Czech Airlines
- Delta Air Lines(Joint Venture Partners)[55]
- Emirates
- Etihad Airways
- Garuda Indonesia
- Gol Linhas Aéreas Inteligentes
- Hainan Airlines
- Hawaiian Airlines[56]
- ITA Airways[57]
- Japan Airlines
- Jin Air(Subsidiary)
- Kenya Airways
- KLM
- LATAM Brasil[58]
- LATAM Chile
- LATAM Perú
- Malaysia Airlines
- MIAT Mongolian Airlines
- Myanmar Airways International
- Rossiya Airlines
- Royal Brunei Airlines[59]
- Saudia
- Shanghai Airlines
- SriLankan Airlines[60]
- Uzbekistan Airways
- Vietnam Airlines
- Virgin Atlantic[61]
- WestJet
- XiamenAir
Interline agreements
[edit]Korean Air hasinterline agreementswith the following airlines:
Korean Air is also an airline partner ofSkywards,the frequent-flyer program forEmirates.Skywardsmembers can earn miles for flying Korean Air and can redeem miles for free flights.
Fleet
[edit]Current fleet
[edit]As of July 2024[update],Korean Air operates the following aircraft:[64][65][66]
Aircraft | In service | Orders | Passengers | Notes | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
F | P | E | Total | ||||
Airbus A220-300 | 10 | — | — | — | 140 | 140 | Order with 10 options and 10 purchase rights.[67] |
Airbus A321neo | 11 | 39 | — | 8 | 174 | 182 | Order with 20 options.[68][69] |
Airbus A330-200 | 2 | — | — | 30 | 188 | 218 | To be leased toT'way Air.[70] |
Airbus A330-300 | 21 | — | — | 24 | 248 | 272 | |
24 | 252 | 276 | |||||
24 | 260 | 284 | |||||
Airbus A350-900 | — | 6 | TBA | [71] | |||
Airbus A350-1000 | — | 27 | TBA | [71] | |||
Airbus A380-800 | 8 | — | 12 | 94 | 301 | 407 | To be retired by 2026.[72] |
Boeing 737-800 | 2 | — | — | 12 | 126 | 138 | |
Boeing 737-900 | 9 | — | — | 8 | 180 | 188 | |
Boeing 737-900ER | 6 | — | — | 8 | 165 | 173 | |
Boeing 737 MAX 8 | 5 | 25 | — | 8 | 138 | 146 | Order with 20 options.[73][74] |
150 | 158 | ||||||
Boeing 747-8I | 8 | — | 6 | 48 | 314 | 368 | Includes HL7644, the last passenger747ever built.[75] 5 to be sold toSierra Nevada Corporationin 2025 forSAOC.[76][77][78] |
1 | VIP | Leased toRepublic of Korea Air ForceforVIP transport | |||||
Boeing 777-200ER | 8 | — | 8 | 28 | 225 | 261 | |
Boeing 777-300 | 4 | — | — | 41 | 297 | 338 | |
Boeing 777-300ER | 25 | — | 8 | 42 | 227 | 277 | All to be retrofitted with new Business Class[79] |
8 | 56 | 227 | 291 | ||||
Boeing 777-9 | — | 20 | TBA | Deliveries from 2028.[80] | |||
Boeing 787-9 | 14 | 6[81][82] | — | 24 | 245 | 269 | Order with 10 options.[83] Order was converted fromBoeing 787-8.[84][85] |
254 | 278 | ||||||
Boeing 787-10 | 2 | 38[81] | — | 36 | 289 | 325 | Deliveries from 2024.[81][86][77] Order with 10 options.[80] |
Korean Air Cargo fleet | |||||||
Boeing 747-400ERF | 4 | — | Cargo | ||||
Boeing 747-8F | 7 | — | Cargo | ||||
Boeing 777F | 12 | — | Cargo | ||||
Korean Air Business Jet fleet[87][88] | |||||||
AgustaWestland AW139 | 4 | — | 8–14 | ||||
Boeing 737-700/BBJ1 | 1 | — | 16–26 | ||||
Boeing 787-8/BBJ | 1 | — | 39 | [89][90] | |||
Bombardier Global Express XRS | 1 | — | 13 | ||||
Gulfstream G650ER | 1 | — | 13 | [91] | |||
Sikorsky S-76C+ | 1 | — | 5–6 | ||||
Total | 166 | 123 |
Fleet development
[edit]At the Association of Asia Pacific Airlines Assembly in 2018, Korean Air announced that it was considering a new large widebody aircraft order to replace olderAirbus A330,Boeing 747-400,Boeing 777-200ERandBoeing 777-300.Types under consideration for replacement of older widebody aircraft in the fleet include theBoeing 777XandAirbus A350 XWB.[92]At theInternational Air Transport AssociationAnnual General Meeting (IATA AGM) in Seoul, Chairman Walter Cho said Korean Air's widebody order is imminent and it is considering an extra order ofAirbus A220Family including developing version, Airbus A220-500.[93]
In 2022, Korean Air was considering ordering a new freighter to continue the support cargo demand worldwide. Chairman of Korean Air Walter Cho said KAL is considering 2 options and looking at both.[94][95]
Gallery
[edit]- Korean Air current fleet
Retired fleet
[edit]Korean Air has operated the following aircraft:[96][97][98][99]
Cabins
[edit]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Airbus_A380-861%2C_Korean_Air_AN1960985.jpg/220px-Airbus_A380-861%2C_Korean_Air_AN1960985.jpg)
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Airbus_A380-861%2C_Korean_Air_AN2067289.jpg/220px-Airbus_A380-861%2C_Korean_Air_AN2067289.jpg)
Korean Air currently offers three types of first class, four types of business (Prestige) class, and standard economy class.[101]Korean Air operatesFirst Classon all Boeing 747-8I and parts of its 777-300ER, Airbus A380-800, Boeing 777-200ER, and -300ER fleets. Some seats are equipped as suites with doors.[citation needed]The airline marketsBusiness Classas "Prestige Class" with some aircraft equipped with suites.[citation needed]The airline announced its introduction ofPremium Economyin 2017.[102]The first aircraft equipped with premium economy marketed as "Economy Plus" was CS300 (Airbus A220-300).[103]The product was eliminated in 2019 due to discordance of service and profit loss.[104][105]The airline also offersEconomy Class.
Incidents and accidents
[edit]In the late 1990s, Korean Air was "an industry pariah, notorious for fatal crashes" due to its extremely poor safety record and being one of the world's most dangerous airlines.[18][19][106]Safety has seemingly improved since as the airline made concerted efforts to improve standards in the early 21st century.[17]In 2001, theFederal Aviation Administrationupgraded Korea's air-safety rating while Korean Air passed anInternational Air Transport Associationaudit in 2005.[106]
Between 1970 and 1999, many fatal incidents occurred. Since 1970, 17 Korean Air aircraft have been written off in serious incidents and accidents with the loss of 700 lives. Two Korean Air aircraft were shot down by the Soviet Union, one operating asKorean Air Lines Flight 902and the other asKorean Air Lines Flight 007.
Korean Air's deadliest incident wasFlight 007which was shot down by the Soviet Union on September 1, 1983. All 269 people on board were killed, including a sitting U.S. Congressman,Larry McDonald.
The last fatal passenger accident was theKorean Air Flight 801crash in 1997, which killed 229 people of the 254 people aboard includingShin Ki-ha,a South Korean parliamentarian.[107][108][109]TheNational Transportation Safety Boardconcluded that poor communication between the flight crew as the probable cause for the air crash, along with the captain's poor decision-making on thenon-precision approach.[110][111][112][113]
The last crew fatalities were in the crash ofKorean Air Cargo Flight 8509in 1999 due to instrument malfunction andpilot error.[114][115]
The last aircraftwrite-offoccurred in 2022, whenKorean Air Flight 631overran the runway atCebu,Philippineswhile attempting to land under poor weather conditions.[116]
In a 2023 "landmark decision", the state-affiliated Korea Worker's Compensation and Welfare Service ruled that the cancer death of a flight attendant was akin to anindustrial accident.The plaintiff had flown for 25 years on routes to Europe and America, which exposed workers to morecosmic radiationbecauseEarth's magnetic fieldis weaker over theNorth Pole.Korean Air said it monitors and limits individual radiation exposure to less than 6mSv a year. The plaintiff's attorney contends that the company uses an old measuring method. The ruling panel said that the method employed by Korean Air could have downplayed the extent of radiation exposure and that the flight attendant could have been exposed to over 100mSv of radiation.[117]
See also
[edit]- List of airlines of South Korea
- List of airports in South Korea
- List of companies of South Korea
- Transport in South Korea
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External links
[edit]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)
- Official website
- Business data for Korean Air: