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Koronowo

Coordinates:53°19′0″N17°56′0″E/ 53.31667°N 17.93333°E/53.31667; 17.93333
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For other places with the same name, seeKoronowo (disambiguation).
Koronowo
Town square
Town square
Flag of Koronowo
Flag
Coat of arms of Koronowo
Coat of arms
Koronowo is located in Poland
Koronowo
Koronowo
Coordinates:53°19′0″N17°56′0″E/ 53.31667°N 17.93333°E/53.31667; 17.93333
CountryPoland
VoivodeshipKuyavian-Pomeranian
CountyBydgoszcz
GminaKoronowo
Established7th century
Town rights1370
Government
• MayorPatryk Stanisław Mikołajewski
Area
• Total28.18 km2(10.88 sq mi)
Population
(2010)
• Total11,029
• Density390/km2(1,000/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1(CET)
• Summer (DST)UTC+2(CEST)
Postal code
86-010
Car platesCBY
National roads
Websitehttp://www.koronowo.pl/

Koronowo(Polish pronunciation:[kɔrɔˈnɔvɔ];German:Krone / Crone an der Braheⓘ,archaicPolnisch Krone) is a town on theBrda RiverinPoland,located in theKuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship,25 km fromBydgoszcz,with 11,029 inhabitants (2010). It is located in the historic region ofKuyavia.

The town of Koronowo has an area of 2,818haand this makes it one of the largest towns inBydgoszcz County.The Koronowomunicipalityhas an area of 41,170 ha and 23,052 inhabitants.

History

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Panorama of Koronowo

In theEarly Middle Ages,aSlavic strongholdwas built in present-day Koronowo.[1]It was included into the emerging Polish state in the 10th century and finally integrated with it in the 12th century.[1]In 1288 theCisterciansfrom nearbyByszewofounded anabbeyin Koronowo.[1]The settlement prospered due to its location at the intersection oftrade routesfromKuyaviaandGreater PolandtoGdańsk,and from theChełmno LandtoWestern Pomerania.[1]In 1359 KingCasimir III the Greatvested it withtown privileges,which however were not implemented[1]until 1370. The name Koronowo comes from the wordkorona( "crown" ). Administratively it was located within theInowrocław Voivodeshipin theGreater Poland Province of the Polish Crown.[2]A significantbattletook place nearby in 1410 during thePolish–Lithuanian–Teutonic War,in whichPolanddefeated theTeutonic Knights.

KingCasimir IV of Polandby virtue ofprivilegesof 1476 and 1484, established two annualfairsand a weekly market.[2]Among the main activities of the population werecrafts,pottery,brewingand agriculture.[2]In the 17th and early 18th century Koronowo suffered due toSwedishinvasions, theGreat Northern Warand epidemics.[2]KingAugustus III of Polandestablished two more annual fairs to help revive the town.[2]

As part of theFirst Partition of Poland,Koronowo became part ofPrussiain 1772. The town of Koronowo was the administrative seat of the Koronowo district in the newly formed province ofWest Prussia.To distinguish it from the city ofDeutsch Krone (Wałcz),it was calledPolnisch Krone.From 1807 to 1815, during theNapoleonic erait was part of the PolishDuchy of Warsawand in 1815, after the duchy's dissolution, it fell back to Prussia.

Polish prisoners inGerman-occupiedKoronowo (World War II)

In 1871, the town became part ofGermany.Until the end ofWorld War I,it was part of theBromberg districtin thePrussianProvince of Posen.The narrow-gauge railway fromBydgoszcz (Bromberg)was opened in 1895, followed by the standard-gauge railway fromTuchola (Tuchel)in 1909–1914. Due to the provisions of theVersailles Treaty,the town along with the entire Bromberg district had to be ceded by Germany to theSecond Polish Republicin 1919. It was part of thePoznań Voivodeshipfrom 1919 to 1938 and of thePomeranian Voivodeshipfrom 1938 to 1939.

13 Polish soldiers were killed on September 2, 1939, during the Germaninvasion of Poland,which startedWorld War II.[3]In mid-September 1939, the GermanEinsatzgruppe IVentered the town to commitatrocities against the population.[4]During theGerman occupation,thePolishpopulation was subject to mass arrests,expulsionsand massacres. The Germans established a prison for Poles,[5]in which 606 people died.[3]Many Polish inhabitants of Koronowo and nearby villages were murdered by the Germans in nearbyBuszkowoon 5–6 October 1939 and in the forest near Koronowo on 26 October 1939.[6]Among the victims were local merchants, craftsmen and pre-war mayor Maksymilian Talaśka.[6]The Germans burned the bodies of the victims in attempt to cover up the crime.[6]Koronowo was captured by the Soviets in January 1945 and restored to Poland.

620 Jews lived in Koronowo in 1871, and 40 in 1933.[7]

Sport

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References

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  1. ^abcde"Historia miasta. Od ustroju plemiennego do cystersów".Gmina Koronowo(in Polish).Retrieved10 May2020.
  2. ^abcde"Historia miasta. Dzieje do okresu zaborów".Gmina Koronowo(in Polish).Retrieved10 May2020.
  3. ^ab"Historia miasta. Mroczny czas okupacji".Gmina Koronowo(in Polish).Retrieved10 May2020.
  4. ^Wardzyńska, Maria (2009).Był rok 1939. Operacja niemieckiej policji bezpieczeństwa w Polsce. Intelligenzaktion(in Polish). Warszawa:IPN.p. 55.
  5. ^Wardzyńska, p. 111
  6. ^abcWardzyńska, p. 161
  7. ^"JewishGen Locality Page - Koronowo, Poland".JewishGen.org.Retrieved7 April2022.
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