Kosti, Sudan
Kosti
كوستي | |
|---|---|
 Kosti Residential Area | |
  Kosti Location in Sudan (White Nile state highlighted) | |
| Coordinates:13°10′N32°40′E/ 13.167°N 32.667°E | |
| Country |  Sudan |
| State | White Nile |
| Elevation | 1,250 ft (380 m) |
| Population (2012) | |
| • Total | 345,068[1] |
Kosti(alsoKusti,Arabic:كوستي) is one of the major cities inSudanthat lies south ofKhartoum,the capital ofSudan,and stands on the western bank of theWhite Nileriver oppositeRabak,the capital of theWhite Nilestate and is connected to it by a bridge. The city is served by Kosti Railway Station andRabak Airport.The population of Kosti as of 2012 was estimated at 345,068 people.
History
[edit]Kosti was founded shortly after 1899 by the Greek merchant Konstantinos "Kostas" Mourikis, who arrived in Sudan along with his brother following theAnglo-Egyptianvictory over the indigenousMahdiststate.[2]He set up a store on the White Nile, where pilgrims fromWest AfricatoMeccaand Southern trade routes crossed. The settlement soon grew to a town and was named after "Kostas", illustrating the important role played by theGreeks in Sudan,especially in the field of trade.[3]
Economy
[edit]The large Kenanasugar refineryis located in Rabak east of the city.
Kosti is home to theEl Imam El Mahdi University,established in 1994 as a public university funded by the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research. It is named in honor ofMuhammad Ahmad,the leader of the Mahdia revolution in Sudan (1885-1898).[4]
Climate
[edit]Kosti, like most of Sudan, has a very dry climate. The climate stays hot throughout the year, even into November temperatures still break 100 degrees.[5][6]
| Climate data for Kosti (1991–2020, extremes 1961–2020) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 42 (108) |
44 (111) |
45.8 (114.4) |
46.5 (115.7) |
46.8 (116.2) |
46 (115) |
43.5 (110.3) |
40 (104) |
42 (108) |
42.6 (108.7) |
42 (108) |
41.5 (106.7) |
46.8 (116.2) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 32.8 (91.0) |
35.3 (95.5) |
38.7 (101.7) |
41.6 (106.9) |
41.2 (106.2) |
39.0 (102.2) |
34.9 (94.8) |
33.2 (91.8) |
35.3 (95.5) |
38.0 (100.4) |
36.6 (97.9) |
33.7 (92.7) |
36.7 (98.1) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 24.9 (76.8) |
27.0 (80.6) |
30.1 (86.2) |
33.0 (91.4) |
33.8 (92.8) |
32.5 (90.5) |
29.6 (85.3) |
28.3 (82.9) |
29.6 (85.3) |
31.2 (88.2) |
29.2 (84.6) |
26.1 (79.0) |
29.6 (85.3) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 17.1 (62.8) |
18.7 (65.7) |
21.4 (70.5) |
24.5 (76.1) |
26.5 (79.7) |
25.9 (78.6) |
24.3 (75.7) |
23.4 (74.1) |
23.9 (75.0) |
24.5 (76.1) |
21.8 (71.2) |
18.5 (65.3) |
22.5 (72.5) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 8.4 (47.1) |
8 (46) |
11.2 (52.2) |
14 (57) |
17.3 (63.1) |
18.5 (65.3) |
16.2 (61.2) |
18.5 (65.3) |
3.4 (38.1) |
14.5 (58.1) |
13.1 (55.6) |
7.5 (45.5) |
3.4 (38.1) |
| Averageprecipitationmm (inches) | 0.1 (0.00) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.5 (0.02) |
18.3 (0.72) |
31.4 (1.24) |
118.6 (4.67) |
135.4 (5.33) |
56.6 (2.23) |
7.4 (0.29) |
0.1 (0.00) |
0.0 (0.0) |
368.4 (14.50) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 1.0 mm) | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 1.8 | 3.3 | 8.5 | 10.1 | 4.1 | 1.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 29.3 |
| Averagerelative humidity(%) | 37 | 30 | 25 | 24 | 35 | 47 | 63 | 72 | 65 | 51 | 37 | 39 | 44 |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 297.6 | 271.6 | 285.2 | 279.0 | 260.4 | 231.0 | 195.3 | 195.3 | 225.0 | 275.9 | 294.0 | 310.0 | 3,120.3 |
| Source:NOAA[7] | |||||||||||||
Gallery
[edit]-
Railway Station -
Kenana sugar -
Kosti aerial view in 1936
See also
[edit]
References
[edit]- ^"Kosti, Sudan".Retrieved7 September2023.
- ^Chaldeos, Antonios (2017)."Sudanese toponyms related to Greek entrepreneurial activity".Dotawo: A Journal of Nubian Studies.4, Art. 1. – via DigitalCommons@Fairfield.
- ^Kramer, Robert; Lobban, Richard; Fluehr-Lobban, Carolyn (2013).Historical Dictionary of the Sudan(4th ed.). Lanham / Toronto / Plymouth (UK): The Scarecrow Press. pp. 191–192.ISBN978-0-8108-6180-0.
- ^"Historical Overview".El Imam El Mahdi University. Archived fromthe originalon 2012-03-31.Retrieved2011-09-17.
- ^"Kosti Weather Forecast".
- ^"Weather in Kosti (Sudan) - 15 days".
- ^"World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991-2020 — Kosti".National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.RetrievedJanuary 21,2024.
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
