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Kruševac

Coordinates:43°34′50″N21°19′50″E/ 43.58056°N 21.33056°E/43.58056; 21.33056
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Kruševac
Крушевац(Serbian)
City
City of Kruševac
From top: Panorama of Kruševac, Town Hall,Slobodište Memorial Complex,Lazar Hrebeljanović's statue,The Kosovo Heroes monument,Lazarica Church,Kruševac Fortress
Flag of Kruševac
Flag
Coat of arms of Kruševac
Coat of arms
Kruševac is located in Serbia
Kruševac
Kruševac
Location of the city of Kruševac within Serbia
Kruševac is located in Balkans
Kruševac
Kruševac
Kruševac (Balkans)
Coordinates:43°34′50″N21°19′50″E/ 43.58056°N 21.33056°E/43.58056; 21.33056
CountrySerbia
RegionŠumadija and Western Serbia
DistrictRasina
Founded1371
Founded byLazar of Serbia
Settlements101
Government
• MayorIvan Manojlović(SNS)
Area
[1]
• Rank20th in Serbia
• Urban18 km2(7 sq mi)
• Administrative854 km2(330 sq mi)
Elevation
163 m (535 ft)
Population
(2022 census)[2]
• Rank8th in Serbia
• Urban
68,119
• Urban density3,800/km2(9,800/sq mi)
• Administrative
113,582
• Administrative density130/km2(340/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1(CET)
• Summer (DST)UTC+2(CEST)
Postal code
37000
Area code+381(0)37
Car platesKŠ
Websitewww.krusevac.rs

Kruševac(Serbian Cyrillic:Крушевац,pronounced[krûʃeʋats]ⓘ) is acityand the administrative center of theRasina Districtin central Serbia. It is located in the valley ofWest Morava,onRasinariver. According to the 2022 census, the city administrative area has a population of 113,582 while the urban area has 68,119 inhabitants.

The city was founded in 1371, by PrinceLazar of Serbia(1371–1389), who used it as his seat.

Etymology[edit]

The etymology is derived from the Serbian word for "river stone",krušacwhich was largely used for a building at that time.

History[edit]

Kruševac was founded in 1371, as a fortified town in the possession ofLord Lazar Hrebeljanović.TheLazarica Church(orChurch of St, Stephen) was built by Lazar between 1375–78, in theMorava architectural style.[3]It is mentioned in one of Lazar's edicts in 1387, as his seat, when he affirmed the rights ofVenetian merchantson Serbian territory. In preparation for theBattle of Kosovo(1389) against theOttoman Empire,the Serbian army assembled in the city. The site of Lazar's palace is marked by a ruined enclosure containing a fragment of the tower of his spousePrincess Milica,and, according to legend, tidings of the defeat were brought to her by crows from the battlefield. After the battle, the city was held by Princess Milica as her seat. The little that remains of Lazar's city is theKruševac Fortress,which was declared aCultural Monument of Exceptional Importancein 1979.[4]Several old Ottoman houses were left at the beginning of the 20th century, besides an old Turkish fountain and bath, which was known asAlacahisar(Aladža Hisar) during Ottoman rule between 1427–1833 (nominally to 1867) when Kruševac was the seat of theSanjak of Kruševac.The Ottoman rule was interrupted during Austrian occupations between 1688–1690 and 1717–1739.[citation needed]

A large monument dedicated to Serbs fallen at the Battle of Kosovo was sculpted byĐorđe Jovanovićand unveiled by King Petar I Karađorđević of Serbia in 1904. A detail on the monument, among others, is a statue of the famous blind Serbian poetFilip Višnjić.

At the beginning of theGerman occupation of Yugoslaviathe units of Yugoslav Army in the Fatherland commanded byDragutin Keserovićand supported by one detachment of communistsattacked the German garrison in September 1941but failed to liberate the town after four days battle. DuringWorld War IImass executions of patriots and antifascists occurred on hillBagdala.Largest execution was in summer of 1943. At place of executions now is a monument namedSlobodište(from the Serbian word "sloboda", which means 'freedom'). Kruševac was liberated on 14 October whenchetnik collaboratorsand Germans left the city together. After the regime of communists in Serbia ended theGovernment of Serbiaand itsMinistry of Justiceestablished the commission to researchatrocities that were committed by members of the Yugoslav Partisan Movementafter they gained control over Serbia in Autumn 1944. According to the report of this commission, out of 55,554 registered victims of communist purges in Serbia the new communist regime in Kruševac killed 493 people while 11 people are missing.[5]

Kruševac progressed profusely during theSFRY.A large number of factories were built in that era, while Kruševac became one of the strongest industrial centres in both Serbia and Yugoslavia. The machine factoryIMK 14. oktobar Kruševacemployed around 7,000 workers.

However, the large Kruševac industry hasn't survived thepost-Miloševićtransition.In 2002 alone 5 factories went bankrupt.[6][unreliable source?]From 2002 to 2014 27 factories closed and around 11,000 workers lost their jobs.[7]The unemployment rate in Kruševac was almost 39% in 2015.[8][unreliable source]

Settlements[edit]

Aside from the urban area of Kruševac, the city administrative area includes the following 100 settlements:

Demographics[edit]

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
194887,853—
195394,827+1.54%
1961103,190+1.06%
1971118,016+1.35%
1981132,972+1.20%
1991138,111+0.38%
2002131,368−0.45%
2011128,752−0.22%
2022113,582−1.13%
Source:[9]

According to the 2022 census results, the city of Kruševac has a total population of 113,582 inhabitants.

Ethnic groups[edit]

The ethnic composition of the city administrative area(at least 100 people):

Ethnic group Population %
Serbs 106,194 90.85%
Roma 2,063 1.82%
Yugoslavs 171 0.15%
Macedonians 129 0.11%
Montenegrins 119 0.11%
Others 1,391 1.23%
Unknown 3,515 3.1%
Total 113,582 100%

Economy[edit]

The most notable large companies based in the city of Kruševac are:Trayal Corporation,14. oktobar,Rubinand Cooper Tire & Rubber Company Serbia. As of September 2017, Kruševac has one of 14free economic zonesestablished in Serbia.[10]

The following table gives a preview of total number of registered people employed in legal entities per their core activity (as of 2019):[11]

Activity Total
Agriculture, forestry and fishing 369
Mining and quarrying 42
Manufacturing 8,519
Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply 514
Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities 652
Construction 2,007
Wholesale and retail trade, repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles 5,150
Transportation and storage 1,387
Accommodation and food services 1,093
Information and communication 362
Financial and insurance activities 560
Real estate activities 210
Professional, scientific and technical activities 1,076
Administrative and support service activities 572
Public administration and defense; compulsory social security 1,784
Education 2,221
Human health and social work activities 2,877
Arts, entertainment and recreation 642
Other service activities 567
Individual agricultural workers 1,941
Total 32,547

Politics[edit]

Seats in the city parliament won in the 2023 local elections:

Party Seats
Serbian Progressive Party 42
Serbia Agains Violence 18
Socialist Party of Serbia 5
NADA 3
National Gathering 2

Sports[edit]

The city's main football club isFK Napredak Kruševac,who regularly play in theSerbian SuperLiga.

Climate[edit]

Climate data for Kruševac (1991–2020, extremes 1961–2020)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 20.4
(68.7) 		25.5
(77.9) 		29.6
(85.3) 		32.1
(89.8) 		35.5
(95.9) 		39.6
(103.3) 		43.7
(110.7) 		42.4
(108.3) 		37.8
(100.0) 		34.4
(93.9) 		27.4
(81.3) 		21.7
(71.1) 		43.7
(110.7)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 5.0
(41.0) 		8.0
(46.4) 		13.2
(55.8) 		18.7
(65.7) 		23.3
(73.9) 		27.2
(81.0) 		29.5
(85.1) 		29.9
(85.8) 		24.6
(76.3) 		18.8
(65.8) 		12.5
(54.5) 		5.9
(42.6) 		18.1
(64.6)
Daily mean °C (°F) 0.5
(32.9) 		2.7
(36.9) 		7.1
(44.8) 		12.2
(54.0) 		16.8
(62.2) 		20.7
(69.3) 		22.4
(72.3) 		22.2
(72.0) 		17.2
(63.0) 		11.9
(53.4) 		7.0
(44.6) 		1.8
(35.2) 		11.9
(53.4)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −3.2
(26.2) 		−1.8
(28.8) 		1.7
(35.1) 		5.9
(42.6) 		10.3
(50.5) 		14.1
(57.4) 		15.4
(59.7) 		15.1
(59.2) 		11.1
(52.0) 		6.6
(43.9) 		2.5
(36.5) 		−1.6
(29.1) 		6.3
(43.3)
Record low °C (°F) −28.1
(−18.6) 		−24.6
(−12.3) 		−17.2
(1.0) 		−6.1
(21.0) 		−1.1
(30.0) 		2.9
(37.2) 		5.8
(42.4) 		3.0
(37.4) 		−3.0
(26.6) 		−7.3
(18.9) 		−21.4
(−6.5) 		−23.9
(−11.0) 		−28.1
(−18.6)
Averageprecipitationmm (inches) 43.5
(1.71) 		42.7
(1.68) 		53.6
(2.11) 		59.9
(2.36) 		70.8
(2.79) 		70.6
(2.78) 		65.2
(2.57) 		48.5
(1.91) 		49.6
(1.95) 		55.4
(2.18) 		49.3
(1.94) 		53.6
(2.11) 		662.9
(26.10)
Average precipitation days(≥ 0.1 mm) 12.9 12.6 12.7 12.7 13.0 10.7 10.2 8.0 9.7 10.0 10.3 13.2 136.0
Average snowy days 8.1 7.3 4.1 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 2.2 6.6 29.0
Averagerelative humidity(%) 84.1 78.7 71.7 70.4 73.3 71.0 68.2 68.1 72.8 78.2 80.5 84.8 75.2
Mean monthlysunshine hours 62.1 84.9 143.4 171.3 209.4 243.6 285.5 280.5 196.1 143.6 87.5 50.7 1,958.6
Source: Republic Hydrometeorological Service of Serbia[12][13]

Famous residents[edit]

International relations[edit]

See also:List of twin towns and sister cities in Serbia

Twin towns – Sister cities[edit]

Kruševac istwinnedwith:

Other forms of co-operation and city friendship similar to the twin/sister city programmes:

Gallery[edit]

  • Women selling poultry at the market, 1913
    Women selling poultry at the market, 1913
  • Belfry
    Belfry
  • Middle Ages era ruins in Kruševac
    Middle Ages era ruins in Kruševac
  • Lazar Hrebeljanović's statue in Kruševac
    Lazar Hrebeljanović's statue in Kruševac
  • Filip Višnjić's statue in Kruševac
    Filip Višnjić's statue in Kruševac
  • Kneginja Milica's statue
    Kneginja Milica's statue
  • The Kosovo Heroes Square
    The Kosovo Heroes Square
  • The Kosovo Heroes Square
    The Kosovo Heroes Square
  • Kruševac panorama
    Kruševac panorama
  • Town hall
    Town hall
  • Gymnasium and the city museum
    Gymnasium and the city museum
  • Main train station in the town
    Main train station in the town

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^"Municipalities of Serbia, 2006".Statistical Office of Serbia.Retrieved28 November2010.
  2. ^"2022 Census of Population, Households and Dwellings: Ethnicity (data by municipalities and cities)"(PDF).Statistical Office of Republic Of Serbia, Belgrade. April 2023.ISBN978-86-6161-228-2.Retrieved30 April2023.
  3. ^Filip Jovanovic i Djordje Banovic."Istorija – Crkva Lazarica – Kruševac – Srpska Pravoslavna Crkva".Lazarica.rs. Archived fromthe originalon 31 March 2012.Retrieved26 March2013.
  4. ^Monuments of Culture in Serbia:ЦРКВА СВ.СТЕФАНА ЛАЗАРИЦА СА КРУШЕВАЧКИМ ГРАДОМ(SANU)(in Serbian and English)
  5. ^"Registar Žrtava".www.komisija1944.mpravde.gov.rs.Ministry of Justice, Republic of Serbia.Archivedfrom the original on 17 October 2019.Retrieved6 October2019.
  6. ^"Svi naši porazi - većina kruševačkih restrukturaša završila u stečaju".28 January 2016.Archivedfrom the original on 19 August 2017.Retrieved24 May2017.
  7. ^"Svi naši porazi - većina kruševačkih restrukturaša završila u stečaju".28 January 2016.Archivedfrom the original on 19 August 2017.Retrieved24 May2017.
  8. ^"Pajtić: Kruševac dotakao dno za vreme vlasti SNS".Archivedfrom the original on 19 August 2017.Retrieved24 May2017.
  9. ^"2011 Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in the Republic of Serbia"(PDF).stat.gov.rs.Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia. Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 14 July 2014.Retrieved11 January2017.
  10. ^Mikavica, A. (3 September 2017)."Slobodne zone mamac za investitore".politika.rs(in Serbian).Archivedfrom the original on 6 April 2019.Retrieved17 March2019.
  11. ^"Запослени у Републици Србији, 2019. - Годишњи просек -"(PDF).stat.gov.rs(in Serbian). Statistical Office of Republic of Serbia. 31 January 2020.Archived(PDF)from the original on 3 August 2020.Retrieved15 March2020.
  12. ^"Monthly and annual means, maximum and minimum values of meteorological elements for the period 1991–2020"(in Serbian). Republic Hydrometeorological Service of Serbia.Archivedfrom the original on 20 April 2022.Retrieved20 April2022.
  13. ^"Monthly and annual means, maximum and minimum values of meteorological elements for the period 1981 - 2010"(in Serbian). Republic Hydrometeorological Service of Serbia.Archivedfrom the original on 6 July 2016.Retrieved13 March2017.
  14. ^"AllCorfu.Com: Corfu's Twin Cities".allcorfu.com.Archivedfrom the original on 9 August 2018.Retrieved25 February2010.

External links[edit]

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