Kruonis
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Kruonis | |
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Town | |
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Coordinates:54°45′30″N24°14′40″E/ 54.75833°N 24.24444°E | |
Country | ![]() |
Ethnographic region | Aukštaitija |
County | ![]() |
Population (2011) | |
• Total | 661 |
Time zone | UTC+2(EET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+3(EEST) |
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Church_in_Kruonis.jpg/220px-Church_in_Kruonis.jpg)
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Teodoras_Bohdanas_Oginskis_%281568%E2%80%931640%29_thombstone%2C_Kruonis%2C_Lithuania.jpg/220px-Teodoras_Bohdanas_Oginskis_%281568%E2%80%931640%29_thombstone%2C_Kruonis%2C_Lithuania.jpg)
Kruonis(Polish:Kronie,Yiddish:קראָן,Kron) is a small town, located 37 km (23 mi) east ofKaunas,inKaunas County,centralLithuania.The name of Kruonis comes from a small creekKruonė.In 2011 it had a population of 661.[1]The center of Kruonis is a state-protected urbanistic monument. The only in theBaltic StatesKruonis Pumped Storage Plant(the KPSP) is situated 3 km (1.9 mi) north of Kruonis. Each year a music festivalRenesanso naktys Kruonyje(The Nights of Renaissance in Kruonis) takes place in the church where the classical music of the composers of 16th-17th centuries being performed.
History
[edit]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Vepriai_old_map.jpg/220px-Vepriai_old_map.jpg)
In the 15th century, a small settlement started to establish itself around the Kruonis' manor of theGrand Duke of Lithuania.The first church was built in Kruonis byKazimieras Jogailaitisin 1472. It was built in the Catholic cemetery, using wood. Current Catholic church is located in the building which was built as aUniatechurch in 1626 by the colonel of theGrand Duchy of Lithuania,distinguished in the battles with the Muscovy, Cossacks and Livonia,subcamerariusofTrakaiTeodoras Bohdanas Oginskis (1568–1640).[2]It was a first Uniate church in Lithuania – its architecture is a rare blend of the styles of LithuanianRenaissanceandByzantine architecture.In 1628–1629, by the church a monastery ofBasilian monkswas established.[3]In the beginning of the 17th century, the palatial Renaissance manor was built, but did not survive up to this day, except some ruins – it was badly damaged in 1812 duringNapoleonic Wars.The people of Kruonis were active participants of theJanuary Uprising.Many of them after deported to the remote territories in Russia and were replaced by the colonists from Russia which were transferred to Kruonis. The Catholic church was closed in 1866 and demolished by Russian authority as a reaction to January Uprising. In the beginning of the 20th century cultural and social life revived – a branch of theLithuanian Catholic Women Society(Lietuvių katalikių moterų draugija) was established in 1913, Lithuanian spectacles were shown, Kruonis had a choir.
On 18 July 1920, near Kruonis, during theLithuanian Wars of IndependenceLithuanian army disarmed the Polish brigade, took 400 soldiers into captivity, confiscated 6 cannons and 254 horses.
In July 1941, 19 Kruonis Jews were murdered in a mass execution.[4] On August 15, 1941, some Kruonis Jews, mostly men, were taken in the direction of Kaunas and murdered, together with Jews from Darsūniškis, in the Gojus Forest, by Lithuanian nazis from Kruonis. At the end of summer 1941,Rollkommando Hamannand policemen fromPakuonisshot 99 Jewish women, children, and old people from Darsūniškis, Kruonis, and Pakuonis inDarsūniškis.[5][6]
After theSoviet occupationin the surroundings of KruonisLithuanian partisansofThe Great Fight(Didžiosios Kovos) military district were active. It is estimated that in the Gojus Forest there are 40–60 partisans murdered and buried by the MGB-NKVD. Soviet occupants deported 25 people of Kruonis.
Industry
[edit]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Kruonis_Pumped_Storage_Plant.jpg/220px-Kruonis_Pumped_Storage_Plant.jpg)
Kruonis PSP Industrial Park and Kruonis Technology Park were created as the location, infrastructure, and low energy costs fit quite well for establishing data centers.[7]
References
[edit]- ^"2011 census".Statistikos Departamentas (Lithuania).RetrievedAugust 14,2017.
- ^"Oginskis Bohdanas"(in Lithuanian).Retrieved1 January2019.
- ^"KRUONIO BUVĘS BAZILIJONŲ VIENUOLYNAS ir Švč. Mergelės Marijos Angelų Karalienės bažnyčia".vienuolynai.mch.mii.lt(in Lithuanian).Retrieved3 January2019.
- ^"Troki%20county - Online Guide of Murder Sites of Jews in the Former USSR - Yad Vashem".
- ^"KRUONIS: Kaunas County, Kaisiadorys district | lithuania - International Jewish Cemetery Project".Archived fromthe originalon 2016-06-17.Retrieved2016-05-16.
- ^"Pinkas Hakehillot Lita: Kruonis".
- ^"Lithuanian Energy plans to set up industrial park at Kruonis plant".www.15min.lt.Retrieved1 January2019.
Lithuania's state-owned electricity production group Lietuvos Energija (Lithuanian Energy) is planning to set up a 30-hectare industrial park on the grounds of the Kruonis Pumped Storage Plant, a project that will require an estimated investment of 9.5 million litas (EUR 2.75 m), of which 9 million litas is expected to come from EU funds.